scholarly journals Efficient electrochemical synthesis of robust, densely functionalized water soluble quinones

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 1199-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Gerken ◽  
Alexios Stamoulis ◽  
Sung-Eun Suh ◽  
Nicholas D. Fischer ◽  
Yeon Jung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Synthesis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Soluble

Robust, highly water-soluble quinone derivatives are efficiently prepared by a scalable electrosynthetic protocol employing low-cost commercially available precursors.

scholarly journals Effects of corn steep liquor on β-poly(l-malic acid) production in Aureobasidium melanogenum

AMB Express ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Genan Wang ◽  
Bingyi Shi ◽  
Pan Zhang ◽  
Tingbin Zhao ◽  
Haisong Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malic Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
The Tca Cycle ◽  
Steep Liquor ◽  
Aureobasidium Melanogenum

Abstractβ-poly(l-malic acid) (PMLA) is a water-soluble biopolymer used in medicine, food, and other industries. However, the low level of PMLA biosynthesis in microorganisms limits its further application in the biotechnological industry. In this study, corn steep liquor (CSL), which processes high nutritional value and low-cost characteristics, was selected as a growth factor to increase the PMLA production in strain, Aureobasidium melanogenum, and its metabolomics change under the CSL addition was investigated. The results indicated that, with 3 g/L CSL, PMLA production, cell growth, and yield (Yp/x) were increased by 32.76%, 41.82%, and 47.43%, respectively. The intracellular metabolites of A. melanogenum, such as amino acids, organic acids, and key intermediates in the TCA cycle, increased after the addition of CSL, and the enrichment analysis showed that tyrosine may play a major role in the PMLA biosynthesis. The results presented in this study demonstrated that the addition of CSL would be an efficient approach to improve PMLA production.

scholarly journals Non-toxic low-cost heavy liquid separation in the Geological Survey of Greenland

1989 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
P Schiøler
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Heavy Liquid ◽  
Organic Liquids ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Water Soluble Compound ◽  
Efficient Alternative ◽  
Sodium Polytungstate ◽  
Heavy Liquids

Density separation of mineral and sediment grains into fractions using heavy liquids traditionally employs organic compounds such as bromoform (density 2.89) and tetrabromoethane (density 2.96) which are known to be toxic even at very low concentrations (Van Haaften, 1969) and possibly carcinogenic. In addition, the separated grains are washed with organic solvents such as acetone which may be highly inflammable, and are also a health risk. In recent years, a new water soluble compound, sodium polytungstate (SPT), 3Na2WO4.9WO3.H2O, has become available as a medium for heavy liquid separations, offering an alternative to the heavy organic liquids. Hs use has been discussed by several workers (e.g. Plewinsky & Kamp, 1984; Krukowski, 1988) in a variety of geological settings. The present note summarises experience in GGU's palaeontological laboratory gained from working with SPT for a full year as a replacement for tetrabromoethane and bromoform in the separation of phosphatic microfossils from samples principally of Lower - Middle Cambrian age. Apart from improving the work environment by replacing high health-risk chernicals with water soluble products without known detrimental effects, SPT has proved to be both an economical and potentially efficient alternative to the organic heavy liquids. SPT is patented, and only available from Sometu, Falkenried 4, D 1000 Berlin 33, Federal Republic of Germany.

scholarly journals Polymer-Assisted Modification of Metal-Organic Framework MIL-96 (Al): Influence on Particle Size, Crystal Morphology and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Removal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luqman Hakim Mohd Azmi ◽  
Daryl R. Williams ◽  
Bradley P. Ladewig
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Perfluorooctanoic Acid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

<div><b>Abstract</b></div><div>A new synthesis method was developed to prepare an aluminum-based metal organic framework (MIL-96) with a larger particle size and different crystal habits. A low cost and water-soluble polymer, hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), was added in varying quantities into the synthesis reaction to achieve >200% particle size enlargement with controlled crystal morphology. The modified adsorbent, MIL-96-RHPAM2, was systematically characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, BET and TGA-MS. Using activated carbon (AC) as a reference adsorbent, the effectiveness of MIL-96-RHPAM2 for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) removal from water was examined. The study confirms stable morphology of hydrated MIL-96-RHPAM2 particles as well as a superior PFOA adsorption capacity (340 mg/g) despite its lower surface area, relative to standard MIL-96. MIL-96-RHPAM2 suffers from slow adsorption kinetics as the modification significantly blocks pore access. The strong adsorption of PFOA by MIL-96-RHPAM2 was associated with the formation of electrostatic bonds between the anionic carboxylate of PFOA and the amine functionality present in the HPAM backbone. Thus, the strongly held PFOA molecules in the pores of MIL-96-RHPAM2 were not easily desorbed even after eluted with a high ionic strength solvent (500 mM NaCl). Nevertheless, this simple HPAM addition strategy can still chart promising pathways to impart judicious control over adsorbent particle size and crystal shapes while the introduction of amine functionality onto the surface chemistry is simultaneously useful for enhanced PFOA removal from contaminated aqueous systems.<br></div>

scholarly journals Polymer-Assisted Modification of Metal-Organic Framework MIL-96 (Al): Influence on Particle Size, Crystal Morphology and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Removal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luqman Hakim Mohd Azmi ◽  
Daryl R. Williams ◽  
Bradley P. Ladewig
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Perfluorooctanoic Acid ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

<div><b>Abstract</b></div><div>A new synthesis method was developed to prepare an aluminum-based metal organic framework (MIL-96) with a larger particle size and different crystal habits. A low cost and water-soluble polymer, hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), was added in varying quantities into the synthesis reaction to achieve >200% particle size enlargement with controlled crystal morphology. The modified adsorbent, MIL-96-RHPAM2, was systematically characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, BET and TGA-MS. Using activated carbon (AC) as a reference adsorbent, the effectiveness of MIL-96-RHPAM2 for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) removal from water was examined. The study confirms stable morphology of hydrated MIL-96-RHPAM2 particles as well as a superior PFOA adsorption capacity (340 mg/g) despite its lower surface area, relative to standard MIL-96. MIL-96-RHPAM2 suffers from slow adsorption kinetics as the modification significantly blocks pore access. The strong adsorption of PFOA by MIL-96-RHPAM2 was associated with the formation of electrostatic bonds between the anionic carboxylate of PFOA and the amine functionality present in the HPAM backbone. Thus, the strongly held PFOA molecules in the pores of MIL-96-RHPAM2 were not easily desorbed even after eluted with a high ionic strength solvent (500 mM NaCl). Nevertheless, this simple HPAM addition strategy can still chart promising pathways to impart judicious control over adsorbent particle size and crystal shapes while the introduction of amine functionality onto the surface chemistry is simultaneously useful for enhanced PFOA removal from contaminated aqueous systems.<br></div>

scholarly journals Pencil–paper on-skin electronics

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (31) ◽  
pp. 18292-18301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadong Xu ◽  
Ganggang Zhao ◽  
Liang Zhu ◽  
Qihui Fei ◽  
Zhe Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery System ◽  
Gradient Distribution ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Reconfigurable Assembly

Pencils and papers are ubiquitous in our society and have been widely used for writing and drawing, because they are easy to use, low-cost, widely accessible, and disposable. However, their applications in emerging skin-interfaced health monitoring and interventions are still not well explored. Herein, we report a variety of pencil–paper-based on-skin electronic devices, including biophysical (temperature, biopotential) sensors, sweat biochemical (pH, uric acid, glucose) sensors, thermal stimulators, and humidity energy harvesters. Among these devices, pencil-drawn graphite patterns (or combined with other compounds) serve as conductive traces and sensing electrodes, and office-copy papers work as flexible supporting substrates. The enabled devices can perform real-time, continuous, and high-fidelity monitoring of a range of vital biophysical and biochemical signals from human bodies, including skin temperatures, electrocardiograms, electromyograms, alpha, beta, and theta rhythms, instantaneous heart rates, respiratory rates, and sweat pH, uric acid, and glucose, as well as deliver programmed thermal stimulations. Notably, the qualities of recorded signals are comparable to those measured with conventional methods. Moreover, humidity energy harvesters are prepared by creating a gradient distribution of oxygen-containing groups on office-copy papers between pencil-drawn electrodes. One single-unit device (0.87 cm2) can generate a sustained voltage of up to 480 mV for over 2 h from ambient humidity. Furthermore, a self-powered on-skin iontophoretic transdermal drug-delivery system is developed as an on-skin chemical intervention example. In addition, pencil–paper-based antennas, two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) circuits with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and batteries, reconfigurable assembly and biodegradable electronics (based on water-soluble papers) are explored.

scholarly journals Energy-Saving Electrospinning with a Concentric Teflon-Core Rod Spinneret to Create Medicated Nanofibers

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shixiong Kang ◽  
Shicong Hou ◽  
Xunwei Chen ◽  
Deng-Guang Yu ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
Core Rod

Although electrospun nanofibers are expanding their potential commercial applications in various fields, the issue of energy savings, which are important for cost reduction and technological feasibility, has received little attention to date. In this study, a concentric spinneret with a solid Teflon-core rod was developed to implement an energy-saving electrospinning process. Ketoprofen and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were used as a model of a poorly water-soluble drug and a filament-forming matrix, respectively, to obtain nanofibrous films via traditional tube-based electrospinning and the proposed solid rod-based electrospinning method. The functional performances of the films were compared through in vitro drug dissolution experiments and ex vivo sublingual drug permeation tests. Results demonstrated that both types of nanofibrous films do not significantly differ in terms of medical applications. However, the new process required only 53.9% of the energy consumed by the traditional method. This achievement was realized by the introduction of several engineering improvements based on applied surface modifications, such as a less energy dispersive air-epoxy resin surface of the spinneret, a free liquid guiding without backward capillary force of the Teflon-core rod, and a smaller fluid–Teflon adhesive force. Other non-conductive materials could be explored to develop new spinnerets offering good engineering control and energy savings to obtain low-cost electrospun polymeric nanofibers.

scholarly journals Cyclopentadienone Iron Tricarbonyl Complexes-Catalyzed Hydrogen Transfer in Water

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daouda Ndiaye ◽  
Sébastien Coufourier ◽  
Mbaye Diagne Mbaye ◽  
Sylvain Gaillard ◽  
Jean-Luc Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Hydrogen Transfer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Tricarbonyl Complex ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Iron Tricarbonyl

The development of efficient and low-cost catalytic systems is important for the replacement of robust noble metal complexes. The synthesis and application of a stable, phosphine-free, water-soluble cyclopentadienone iron tricarbonyl complex in the reduction of polarized double bonds in pure water is reported. In the presence of cationic bifunctional iron complexes, a variety of alcohols and amines were prepared in good yields under mild reaction conditions.

scholarly journals Green Preparation of Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots from Cyanobacteria for Biological Imaging

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Wang ◽  
Pei Yang ◽  
Qian Feng ◽  
Taotao Meng ◽  
Jing Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity

Biomass-based carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have become a significant carbon materials by their virtues of being cost-effective, easy to fabricate and low in environmental impact. However, there are few reports regarding using cyanobacteria as a carbon source for the synthesis of fluorescent CQDs. In this study, the low-cost biomass of cyanobacteria was used as the sole carbon source to synthesize water-soluble CQDs by a simple hydrothermal method. The synthesized CQDs were mono-dispersed with an average diameter of 2.48 nm and exhibited excitation-dependent emission performance with a quantum yield of 9.24%. Furthermore, the cyanobacteria-derived CQDs had almost no photobleaching under long-time UV irradiation, and exhibited high photostability in the solutions with a wide range of pH and salinity. Since no chemical reagent was involved in the synthesis of CQDs, the as-prepared CQDs were confirmed to have low cytotoxicity for PC12 cells even at a high concentration. Additionally, the CQDs could be efficiently taken up by cells to illuminate the whole cell and create a clear distinction between cytoplasm and nucleus. The combined advantages of green synthesis, cost-effectiveness and low cytotoxicity make synthesized CQDs a significant carbon source and broaden the application of cyanobacteria and provide an economical route to fabricate CQDs on a large scale.

scholarly journals Adding distiller's grains and molasses on fermentation quality of rice straw silages

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 2235-2240 ◽  
Author(s):  
XianJun Yuan ◽  
ZhiHao Dong ◽  
Seare Tajebe Desta ◽  
AiYou Wen ◽  
Xiaoxuan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Distiller's Grains ◽  
Cost Strategy ◽  
Fermentation Quality ◽  
Low Cost Strategy

ABSTRACT: Ensilage is a simple and low-cost strategy to enable long term preservation and environmentally friendly utilization of agricultural by-products, such as straws and distiller's grains (DG) for ruminants. Effect of mixing different proportions of DG and rice straw (i.e. 0, 10, 20 or 30% of DG) with or without 5% molasses addition on fermentation and chemical variables of silages was evaluated. The study was conducted as a randomized blocks design in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, with three replications, using laboratory silos of 1L capacity (n=24). Despite a significant interaction (P<0.01) between DG and molasses addition was observed for most variables, in general the increased addition of DG linearly decreased the pH value, acetic acid (AA), butyric acid (BA) and ammonia N concentration (P<0.01), and increased the lactic acid (LA) concentration (P<0.01). Exception was the propionic acid concentration which linearly decreased without molasses addition and linearly increased with molasses addition at increased proportion of DG (P<0.01). In both silages with or without molasses the addition of DG increased the dry matter, water soluble carbohydrates and crude protein (P<0.01), and decreased the NDF content (P<0.01). Based on the perspective of maximum utilization of rice straw, the mixture of 10% of DG associated to 5% molasses at ensilage process is recommended.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document