Effects of ornithine α-ketoglutarate on growth performance and gut microbiota in a chronic oxidative stress pig model induced by d-galactose

d-Galactose induced chronic oxidative stress and also proved the positive effects of 0.5% ornithine α-ketoglutarate on altering the pig gut microbe, restoring serum amino acid and alleviating the growth-suppression induced by d-galactose chronic oxidative stress.

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D-Galactose Induces Chronic Oxidative Stress and Alters Gut Microbiota in Weaned Piglets

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.634283 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Hui Han ◽

Zemin Liu ◽

Jie Yin ◽

Jing Gao ◽

Liuqin He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

Weaned Piglets ◽

Chronic Oxidative Stress ◽

Daily Gain ◽

Different Levels

Oxidative stress commonly occurs in pig production, which can severely damage the intestinal function of weaned piglets. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of D-galactose with different levels used to induce chronic oxidative stress on growth performance, intestinal morphology and gut microbiota in weaned piglets. The results showed that addition of 10 and 20 g/kg BW D-galactose reduced average daily gain and average daily feed intake from the first to the third week. 10 g/kg BW D-galactose increased the concentration of serum MDA at the second and third week. 10 g/kg BW D-galactose significantly influenced the jejunal and ileal expressions of GPx1, CAT1, and MnSOD. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that compared with the control, 10 and 20 g/kg BW D-galactose significantly decreased the relative abundance of Tenericutes, Erysipelotrichia, Erysipelotrichales, and Erysipelotrichaceae, while increased the relative abundance of Negativicutes, Selenomonnadales, and Veillonellaceae. The results indicated that treatment with 10 g/kg BW/day D-galactose for 3 weeks could induce chronic oxidative stress, reduce the growth performance and alter gut microbiota in weaned piglets.

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Early feeding with hyperglucidic diet during fry stage exerts long-term positive effects on nutrient metabolism and growth performance in adult tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.1017/jns.2020.34 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Suksan Kumkhong ◽

Lucie Marandel ◽

Elisabeth Plagnes-Juan ◽

Vincent Veron ◽

Stephane Panserat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Nile Tilapia ◽

Nutritional Intervention ◽

Amino Acid Catabolism ◽

Early Feeding ◽

Nutrient Metabolism ◽

Nutritional Programming ◽

Positive Effects ◽

High Carbohydrate

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate nutritional programming of carbohydrate metabolism in Nile tilapia. Early nutritional intervention stimulus was achieved by feeding fry with high-protein/low-carbohydrate (HP/LC) or low-protein/high-carbohydrate (LP/HC) diet since first feeding for 4 weeks, and the effect of nutritional stimulus on carbohydrate and its related metabolism was evaluated through the adult stage. Our findings indicated that at week 1, LP/HC diet-fed fry had lower levels of mRNA for genes coding gluconeogenesis and amino acid catabolism and higher levels of hk2 (P < 0⋅05). As expected, in adult tilapia, although LP/HC diet-fed fish had poorer growth (end of stimulus), the fish showed compensatory growth. There were permanent effects of early high-carbohydrate (HC) intake on several parameters, including (1) modulating hepatic composition, (2) increased muscle glycogen, (3) lower levels of enzymes involved in amino acid catabolism and (4) higher levels of glycolytic enzymes in glycolysis. Finally, HP/LC diet- and LP/HC diet-fed fish were challenged with different dietary carbohydrate levels. Irrespective of challenging diets, the early HC stimulus had significant effects on adult tilapia by (1) promoting utilisation of glucose, which had protein-sparing effects for better growth, (2) inducting lipogenesis and (3) decreasing amino acid catabolism. Taken together, for the first time, we demonstrated that early HC feeding was effective for positive nutritional programming of metabolism in Nile tilapia (an omnivorous fish). It led to the improvement of growth performance in adult fish associated with early feeding, which is linked to a better ability to use glucose, to induce lipogenesis, and to suppress amino acid catabolism.

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Long-term effects of lysine concentration on growth performance, intestinal microbiome, and metabolic profiles in a pig model

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c8fo00973b ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 4153-4163 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Jie Yin ◽

Yuying Li ◽

Hui Han ◽

Zhaojin Liu ◽

Xiangfang Zeng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Pig Model ◽

Intestinal Microbiome ◽

Metabolic Profiles ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Lysine Concentration ◽

Limiting Amino Acid

Lysine is a common limiting amino acid in human and animal diets and plays an important role in cell proliferation and metabolism.

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Protective Effect of Lactobacillus Plantarum P8 on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Health and Microbiota in Eimeria-infected Broilers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-471364/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yang Wang ◽

Xiaoguo Lv ◽

Xuemin Li ◽

Jinshan Zhao ◽

Kai Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Control Diet ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

Intestinal Health ◽

Commercial Broiler ◽

High Level

Abstract Background: Coccidiosis is one of the major parasitic diseases in the commercial broiler industry. Probiotics can protect poultry against Eimeria infection. However, the mechanisms are not fully known. Therefore, Lactobacillus plantarum P8 (P8) was used to investigate its anti-coccidial property and mechanism.Methods: Five hundred broilers were allocated to five treatments: control diet (NC), control diet + Eimeria infection (IC), control diet containing 1 × 107 cfu/g P8 + Eimeria infection (P8L), control diet containing 1 × 108 cfu/g P8 + Eimeria infection (P8H), and control diet + Eimeria infection + Diclazuril (DIC). At day 14, all treatments except NC were inoculated with sporulated oocysts. Results: Eimeria infection increased the mortality and oocysts shedding, and declined the growth performance as well as the intestinal barrier in Eimeria-treated broilers. On the contrary, dietary supplementation of low level P8, high level P8 and DIC decreased the mortality and oocysts shedding, but improved the growth performance and intestinal barrier. The impaired intestinal morphology in the IC group was also improved by P8H and DIC treatments. Besides, the elevated oxidative stress and pro-inflammation in Eimeria-infected broilers were reduced by P8L, P8H and DIC treatments. Metagenomic analysis indicated P8 altered the structure of the gut microbiota, and the alteration was more obvious at day 21 than day 42. Notably, IC also increased the abundances of Eimeriidae, Eimeria and Eimeria tenella at day 21, while P8L and DIC decreased the abundances. Correlation analysis revealed that bacteria in Eimeria-treated broilers positively correlated with the intestinal permeability, oxidative stress and inflammation, while bacteria in broilers receiving P8L and DIC negatively correlated with the aforementioned pathological indices. Functional prediction demonstrated that the metagenomes of Eimeria-infected broilers were involved in several diseases. But the metagenomes of P8L-treated broilers were involved in energy metabolism and replication repair. Conclusions: Dietary P8 supplementation inhibited oocyst shedding and improved the growth performance as well as the intestinal health of broilers infected with Eimeria, which was closely related to the regulation of gut microbiota. Moreover, the effects of P8 may be more effective in the early infection of coccidia.

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Effects of different selenium sources on duodenum and jejunum tight junction network and growth performance of broilers in a model of fluorine-induced chronic oxidative stress

Poultry Science ◽

10.1016/j.psj.2021.101664 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101664

Author(s):

Siyuan Chen ◽

Yajie Xue ◽

Yutian Shen ◽

Hao Ju ◽

Xiaodong Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Tight Junction ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Chronic Oxidative Stress

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Effects of Lactococcus lactis on the Intestinal Functions in Weaning Piglets

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.713256 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Dongming Yu ◽

Yaoyao Xia ◽

Liangpeng Ge ◽

Bie Tan ◽

Shuai Chen

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Lactococcus Lactis ◽

Primary Response ◽

Interleukin 17 ◽

Intestinal Immunity ◽

Pathogen Infection ◽

Weaning Piglets

Post-weaning diarrhea of piglets is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal pathogen infection. Recent studies have shown that Lactococcus lactis (L.lactis) could help suppress pathogen infection. This study aimed to investigate the effects of L.lactis on various factors related to growth and immunity in weaning piglets. The results showed that L.lactis improved the growth performance, regulated the amino acid profile (for example, increasing serum tryptophan and ileal mucosal cystine) and the intestinal GABAergic system (including inhibiting ileal gene expression of SLC6A13, GABAAρ1, π, θ, and γ1, and promoting ileal GABAAα5 expression). L.lactis also modulated intestinal immunity by promoting jejunal interleukin 17, 18, 22, ileal toll-like receptor 2, 5, 6, and myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 gene expression while inhibiting jejunal interferon-γ and ileal interleukin 22 expressions. L.lactis highly affected the intestinal microbiota by improving the beta diversity of gut microbiota and the relative abundance of Halomonas and Shewanella. In conclusion, L.lactis improved the growth performance and regulated amino acid profiles, intestinal immunity and microbiota in weaning piglets.

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Protective Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum P8 on Growth Performance, Intestinal Health, and Microbiota in Eimeria-Infected Broilers

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.705758 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yang Wang ◽

Xiaoguo Lv ◽

Xuemin Li ◽

Jinshan Zhao ◽

Kai Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Control Diet ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

Intestinal Health ◽

Commercial Broiler ◽

High Level

Coccidiosis is one of the major parasitic diseases in the commercial broiler industry. Probiotics can protect poultry against Eimeria infection. However, the mechanisms are not fully known. Therefore, Lactobacillus plantarum P8 (P8) was used to investigate its anti-coccidial property and mechanism. Five hundred broilers were allocated to five treatments: control diet (NC), control diet + Eimeria infection (IC), control diet containing 1 × 107 cfu/g P8 + Eimeria infection (P8L), control diet containing 1 × 108 cfu/g P8 + Eimeria infection (P8H), and control diet + Eimeria infection + Diclazuril (DIC). At day 14, all treatments except NC were inoculated with sporulated oocysts. Results indicated that Eimeria infection increased the mortality and oocysts shedding, and declined the growth performance as well as the intestinal barrier in Eimeria-treated broilers. On the contrary, dietary supplementation of low level P8, high level P8 and DIC decreased the mortality and oocysts shedding, but improved the growth performance and intestinal barrier. The impaired intestinal morphology in the IC group was also improved by P8H and DIC treatments. Besides, the elevated oxidative stress and pro-inflammation in Eimeria-infected broilers were reduced by P8L, P8H, and DIC treatments. Metagenomic analysis indicated P8 altered the structure of the gut microbiota, and the alteration was more obvious at day 21 than day 42. Notably, IC also increased the abundances of Eimeriidae, Eimeria and Eimeria tenella at day 21, while P8L and DIC decreased the abundances. Correlation analysis revealed that bacteria in Eimeria-treated broilers positively correlated with the intestinal permeability, oxidative stress and inflammation, while bacteria in broilers receiving P8L and DIC negatively correlated with the aforementioned pathological indices. Functional prediction demonstrated that the metagenomes of Eimeria-infected broilers were involved in several diseases. But the metagenomes of P8L-treated broilers were involved in energy metabolism and replication repair. In conclusion, dietary P8 supplementation inhibited oocyst shedding and improved the growth performance as well as the intestinal health of broilers infected with Eimeria, which was closely related to the regulation of gut microbiota. Moreover, the effects of P8 may be more effective in the early infection of coccidia.

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