scholarly journals D-Galactose Induces Chronic Oxidative Stress and Alters Gut Microbiota in Weaned Piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Han ◽  
Zemin Liu ◽  
Jie Yin ◽  
Jing Gao ◽  
Liuqin He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Chronic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Different Levels

Oxidative stress commonly occurs in pig production, which can severely damage the intestinal function of weaned piglets. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of D-galactose with different levels used to induce chronic oxidative stress on growth performance, intestinal morphology and gut microbiota in weaned piglets. The results showed that addition of 10 and 20 g/kg BW D-galactose reduced average daily gain and average daily feed intake from the first to the third week. 10 g/kg BW D-galactose increased the concentration of serum MDA at the second and third week. 10 g/kg BW D-galactose significantly influenced the jejunal and ileal expressions of GPx1, CAT1, and MnSOD. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that compared with the control, 10 and 20 g/kg BW D-galactose significantly decreased the relative abundance of Tenericutes, Erysipelotrichia, Erysipelotrichales, and Erysipelotrichaceae, while increased the relative abundance of Negativicutes, Selenomonnadales, and Veillonellaceae. The results indicated that treatment with 10 g/kg BW/day D-galactose for 3 weeks could induce chronic oxidative stress, reduce the growth performance and alter gut microbiota in weaned piglets.

scholarly journals ZnO Modulates Swine Gut Microbiota and Improves Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs When Combined with Peptide Cocktail

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyuan Wei ◽  
Tsungcheng Tsai ◽  
Joshua Knapp ◽  
Kristopher Bottoms ◽  
Feilong Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Rectal Swab ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Swine Production ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
High Zinc ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Different Levels

Zinc has been very efficacious in reducing post-weaning diarrhea, whereas animal-derived peptides are suggested to improve the growth performance of weaned piglets. However, the combined effect of zinc and peptides on swine production and swine gut microbiota is still largely unknown. In this study, we followed 288 nursery pigs from the age of d30 to d60 to evaluate the growth performance and gut microbiota of weanling pigs subjected to different levels of a fish-porcine-microbial peptide cocktail (0.05%, 0.25%, and 0.5%) with or without the pharmaceutical level of zinc oxide (ZnO) (2500 ppm) supplementation in a nutrient-deficient diet. Rectal swab samples were collected from pigs with body weight (BW) approach average at each pen on d30, d42, and d60 to determine gut microbiota. Average daily gain (ADG) and BW in piglets fed high zinc (HZ) increased with increasing levels of peptide. The microbiota of the HZ group also diverged from those of the standard zinc (SZ) group from d30 to d60. Adding peptide did not alter community structure regardless of zinc supplementation. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that the pharmaceutical level of zinc as ZnO conditioned the gut community to the point where peptide could effectively restore growth performance in nursery pigs fed nutrient-deficient diets.

scholarly journals Effect of Zinc Source and Level on Growth Performance and Zinc Status of Weaned Piglets

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2030
Author(s):  
Anna Szuba-Trznadel ◽  
Anna Rząsa ◽  
Tomasz Hikawczuk ◽  
Bogusław Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Therapeutic Doses ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of zinc (Zn) supplementation in different commercial forms on the growth performance, health status, and Zn balance of weaners in field conditions. The animals were fed pre-starter (from the 28th to 47th day of life) and starter (from the 48th to 74th day of life) mixtures differing in Zn form and concentration. Group I was given ZnSO4 at 150 mg kg−1; Group II received pre-starter zinc oxide (ZnO) at 3000 mg kg−1 and starter at 150 mg kg−1; and Group III was given 150 mg kg−1 of zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO). We found that the average daily gain in Group I was significantly lower, compared to Groups II and III. A commonly accepted level of Zn (150 mg kg−1) as nZnO can be recommended, instead of therapeutic doses of Zn preparations with the same efficiency. Moreover, a lower level of Zn in the diet can prevent the excessive accumulation of this element in waste and, thus, reduce environmental damage.

scholarly journals Response of Growth Performance, Blood Biochemistry Indices, and Rumen Bacterial Diversity in Lambs to Diets Containing Supplemental Probiotics and Chinese Medicine Polysaccharides

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Chen ◽  
Beibei Guo ◽  
Mingrui Yang ◽  
Junrong Luo ◽  
Yiqing Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing Data ◽  
Daily Gain

This study aims to investigate the effects of probiotics and Chinese medicine polysaccharides (CMPs) on growth performance, blood indices, rumen fermentation, and bacteria composition in lambs. Forty female lambs were randomly divided into four groups as follows: control, probiotics, CMP, and compound (probiotics + CMP) groups. The results showed that probiotics treatment increased the concentrations of blood glucose (GLU) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) and enhanced rumen microbial protein contents but declined the value of pH in rumen fluid compared with the control (P < 0.05). Furthermore, supplementation with CMP enhanced the average daily gain (ADG) and the contents of IgA, IgG, and IgM in the serum but decreased the F:G ratio compared with the control (P < 0.05). Besides, both CMP and compound (probiotics + CMP) treatments decreased the ratio of acetic acid and propionic acid compared with the control (P < 0.05). High-throughput sequencing data showed that at the genus level, the relative abundance of Veillonellaceae_UCG-001 in the probiotics group was increased, the relative abundance of Succiniclasticum and norank_f__Muribaculaceae in the CMP group were enhanced, and the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-002 in the compound group was raised compared with the control (P < 0.05). In summary, supplementation with probiotics can promote rumen protein fermentation but decrease the diversity of bacteria in rumen fluid; however, CMP treatment increased the relative abundance of Fibrobacteria, changed rumen microbial fermentation mode, increased the immune function, and ultimately improved the growth performance.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Taurine Supplementation to Gilts during Late Gestation and Lactation on Offspring Growth and Oxidative Stress

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengmeng Xu ◽  
Long Che ◽  
Kaiguo Gao ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Xuefen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Birth is one of the most important events of animal production agriculture, as newborns are abruptly forced to adapt to environmental and nutritional disruptions that can lead to oxidative damage and delay in growth. Taurine (Tau) is an important regulator of oxidative stress and possesses growth-enhancing properties. In the present study, we investigated the effects of dietary Tau supplementation in gilts during late gestation and lactation on the growth performance of piglets by assessing intestinal morphology and barrier function, and oxidative stress status. Sixteen gilts were randomly allocated to the Con (basal diet) and Tau (basal diet with 1% Tau) groups from 75 d of gestation to weaning. Maternal dietary Tau supplementation significantly increased weaning weight and average daily gain weight in piglets. Piglets in the Tau group had higher villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio (VCR), ZO-1 protein expression, and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) content in the jejunum. Meanwhile, Tau bebeficial affected the milk quality of gilts, as indicated by decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and increased total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), total antioxidative capability (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activity. Furthermore, Tau supplementation increased T-SOD activity in plasma and SOD2 protein expression in the jejunum in the piglets. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that dietary Tau supplementation to gilts improves growth performance in piglets, owing to improved intestinal morphology and barrier function, as well as inhibition of oxidative stress.

Dietary xylo-oligosaccharide improves intestinal functions in weaned piglets

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 2701-2709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yin ◽  
Fengna Li ◽  
Xiangfeng Kong ◽  
Chaoyue Wen ◽  
Qiuping Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Intestinal Functions

This study aimed at investigating the effects of dietary xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) on intestinal functions (i.e., intestinal morphology, tight junctions, gut microbiota and metabolism) and growth performance in weaned piglets.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary seaweed extract supplementation in sows and post-weaned pigs on performance, intestinal morphology, intestinal microflora and immune status

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 688-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Leonard ◽  
T. Sweeney ◽  
B. Bahar ◽  
B. P. Lynch ◽  
J. V. O'Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Seaweed Extract ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Daily Gain

The present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of a seaweed extract (SWE) to sows and weaned pigs on post-weaning growth performance, intestinal morphology, intestinal microflora, volatile fatty acid concentrations and immune status of pigs at days 11 and 117 post-weaning. Gestating sows (n20) were supplemented with a SWE (0v.10·0 g/d) from day 107 of gestation until weaning (day 26). At weaning, pigs (four pigs per sow) were divided into two groups based on sow diet during lactation and supplemented with a SWE (0v.2·8 g/kg diet), resulting in four treatment groups: (1) BB (basal sows–basal pigs); (2) BS (basal sows–treated pigs); (3) SB (treated sows–basal pigs); (4) SS (treated sows–treated pigs). Pigs weaned from SWE-supplemented sows had a higher average daily gain (ADG) between days 0 and 21 (P < 0·05) post-weaning compared with pigs weaned from non-SWE-supplemented sows. Pigs offered post-weaning diets (PW) containing SWE had decreased colonicEscherichia colipopulations on day 11 (P < 0·01) and decreased colonic Enterobacteriaceae numbers on day 117 (P < 0·05). Pigs offered PW containing SWE had a greater mRNA abundance ofMUC2in the colon at day 11 post-weaning (P < 0·05) compared with pigs offered unsupplemented diets. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that SWE supplementation post-weaning provides a dietary means to improve gut health and to enhance growth performance in starter pigs. Dietary SWE supplementation increased ADG during the grower–finisher (GF) phases. However, there was no growth response to SWE inclusion in GF diets when pigs were weaned from SWE-supplemented sows.

Effects of ornithine α-ketoglutarate on growth performance and gut microbiota in a chronic oxidative stress pig model induced by d-galactose

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 472-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuying Li ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Jie Yin ◽  
Shunshun Jin ◽  
Wenxuan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Growth Suppression ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Chronic Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gut Microbe

d-Galactose induced chronic oxidative stress and also proved the positive effects of 0.5% ornithine α-ketoglutarate on altering the pig gut microbe, restoring serum amino acid and alleviating the growth-suppression induced by d-galactose chronic oxidative stress.

scholarly journals The Effects of Different Levels of Citric Acid on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Gastrointestinal pH of Weaned Piglets

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Wenying ◽  
Lu Chunlian ◽  
Li Shang ◽  
Song Jiachun ◽  
Cao Hongzhan
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Gastrointestinal Ph ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Levels

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of citric acid (CA) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and gastrointestinal pH of weaned piglets. Methods: A total of 120 weaned piglets with an initial BW of 7.15±0.01 kg, were randomly divided into four groups including control treatment each with three replicates of 10 piglets each. Each group was supplemented with 0.5% (control group), 1%, 1.5% and 2% CA in the basal diet, respectively. Result: The results showed that the average daily feed intake (ADFI) and average daily gain (ADG) of added 1% CA group were significantly higher than that of 0.5% group (P less than 0.05). Dietary CA significantly improved the utilization rates of crude protein, calcium and phosphorus (P less than 0.05), while there was no significant difference between adding 1% and 1.5% CA (P greater than 0.05). Compared with the control group, adding CA effectively reduced the pH of the stomach, duodenum jejunum and ileum contents and adding 2% CA were significantly lower than those in other groups (P less than 0.05). Therefore, the addition of 1.0% CA in the diets of weaned piglets is suitable.

Effects of Glutamine on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology and Intestinal Barrier Function of Broilers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. J. Wu ◽  
Z. H. Liu ◽  
C. Jiao ◽  
B. Y. Cheng ◽  
D. D. Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Daily Gain

The effect of glutamine (Gln) on growth performance, intestinal morphology and intestinal barrier function were evaluated in broilers. A total of 320 birds were divided into a control group (CON) and three experimental groups (Gln 1, Gln 2 and Gln 3). Broilers of group CON received basal diet; broilers in group Gln 1, Gln 2 and Gln 3 were supplemented with 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5 % Gln, respectively, for 42 days. The results indicated that Gln has no influence on the average daily gain (ADG) among the treatments in the periods of 1 to 21 d, 22 to 42 d and 1 to 42 d (P > 0.05). However, Gln improved average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed intake: average daily gain (F: G), increased the villus height, villus height to crypt depth ratio (V/C) and the activities of sucrose, the ZO1, claudin-1 and occluding mRNA expression levels (P 0.05). Moreover, Gln decreased the crypt depth of jejunum and ileum in broilers at days 21 and 42 (P 0.05). In conclusion, Gln had a positive effect on growth performance and gut parameters by modifying the function of the intestinal mucosa barrier.

scholarly journals Effects of rearing system and narasin on growth performance, gastro-intestinal development and gut microbiota of broilers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Yan ◽  
Zunzhou Lv ◽  
Sha An ◽  
Kun Xing ◽  
Zhengguo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Intestinal Development ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cage Rearing ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract BackgroundThis study was conducted to evaluate the effects of three rearing systems (FL: flooring litter rearing, MC: multilayer cage rearing, PN: plastic net rearing) and narasin inclusion or not on growth performance, gastro-intestine development and health of broilers. A total of 2400 one-day-old Ross 308 mixed-sex broilers (1:1 ratio of males and females) were used in a completely randomized design utilizing a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, with 12 replicates per treatment. In each replicate for FL, MC and PN consisted of: 34 birds per pen, 30 birds per cage, and 36 birds per pen, respectively, ensuring that the density of each rearing system was the same (12 birds/m2).ResultsLower ADG (average daily gain), ADFI (average daily feed intake) and FCR (feed conversation ratio) observed in MC group than those of the other two systems from 1 to 36 days of age (P < 0.05). Narasin inclusion in diets decreased ADFI and FCR significantly (P < 0.05). MC and PN rearing systems reduced the relative weight of the gizzard significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with FL rearing, MC reduced the relative weight of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of the ileal IL-1β and IFN-γ in FL was higher than those in PN and MC groups (P < 0.05). Narasin decreased the mRNA expressions of TNF-α in the ileum (P < 0.05). Different rearing systems changed the ileal microflora structure of broilers. The FL system increased ileal microbial diversity of broilers and relative abundance of Actinobacteria. Narasin combined with MC increased the relative abundance Proteobacteria of broilers. Conclusionbirds reared in PN had higher body weight. MC birds had poorer intestinal development and health condition, higher abundance of Proteobacteria, but better FCR. FL rearing appeared to be propitious for gastro-intestinal development and health. Narasin inclusion in diets improved FCR and changed the relative abundance Proteobacteria of broilers.

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