Ginseng ameliorates exercise-induced fatigue potentially by regulating the gut microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan-Shan Zhou ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Jin-Di Xu ◽  
Hong Shen ◽  
Ming Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Exercise Induced

WEG showed strong anti-EF effects by the beneficial effects of saccharides and ginsenosides on gut microbiota, then energy metabolism abnormality, lipid peroxidation and metabolic disorder as well as inflammatory response.

Gut Microbiota Play A Key Role In The Induction Of Beneficial Effects Of Butyrate On Host Energy Metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 287 ◽  
pp. e119-e120
Author(s):  
Z. Li ◽  
E. Zhou ◽  
S. Kooijman ◽  
K. Willems van Dijk ◽  
P. Rensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Beneficial Effects

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 triggered excessive inflammation and abnormal energy metabolism in gut microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuoyu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Excessive Inflammatory Response

Specific roles of gut microbes in COVID-19 progression are critical. However, the circumstantial mechanism remains elusive. In this study, shotgun metagenomic or metatranscriptomic sequencing were performed on fecal samples collected from 13 COVID-19 patients and controls. We analyzed the structure of gut microbiota, identified the characteristic bacteria and selected biomarkers. Further, GO, KEGG and eggNOG annotation were employed to correlate the taxon alteration and corresponding functions. The gut microbiota of COVID-19 patients was characterized by the enrichment of opportunistic pathogens and depletion of commensals. The abundance of Bacteroides spp. displayed an inverse relationship to COVID-19 severity, whereas Actinomyces oris, Escherichia coli, and Gemmiger formicilis were positively correlated with disease severity. The genes encoding oxidoreductase were significantly enriched in SARS-CoV-2 infection. KEGG annotation indicated that the expression of ABC transporter was up regulated, while the synthesis pathway of butyrate was aberrantly reduced. Furthermore, increased metabolism of lipopolysaccharide, polyketide sugar, sphingolipids and neutral amino acids was found. These results suggested the gut microbiome of COVID-19 patients was correlated with disease severity and in a state of excessive inflammatory response. Healthy gut microbiota may enhance antiviral defenses via butyrate metabolism, whereas the accumulation of opportunistic and inflammatory bacteria may exacerbate the disease progression.

Trans-resveratrol supplement lowers lipid peroxidation responses of exercise in male Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Nasiri ◽  
Saja Ahmadizad ◽  
Mehdi Hedayati ◽  
Tayebe Zarekar ◽  
Mehdi Seydyousefi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Acute Response ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Control

Abstract. Physical exercise increases free radicals production; antioxidant supplementation may improve the muscle fiber’s ability to scavenge ROS and protect muscles against exercise-induced oxidative damage. This study was designed to examine the effects of all-trans resveratrol supplementation as an antioxidant to mediate anti-oxidation and lipid per-oxidation responses to exercise in male Wistar rats. Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal number (n = 16) including training + supplement (TS), training (T), supplement (S) and control (C) group. The rats in TS and S groups received a dose of 10 mg/kg resveratrol per day via gavage. The training groups ran on a rodent treadmill 5 times per week at the speed of 10 m/min for 10 min; the speed gradually increased to 30 m/min for 60 minutes at the end of 12th week. The acute phase of exercise protocol included a speed of 25 m/min set to an inclination of 10° to the exhaustion point. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) activity, non-enzymatic antioxidants bilirubin, uric acid, lipid peroxidation levels (MDA) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured after the exercise termination. The data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA. The result showed that endurance training caused a significant increase in MDA level [4.5 ± 0.75 (C group) vs. 5.9 ± 0.41 nmol/l (T group)] whereas it decreased the total antioxidant capacity [8.5 ± 1.35 (C group) vs. 7.1 ± 0.55 mmol/l (T group)] (p = 0.001). In addition, GPx and CAT decreased but not significantly (p > 0.05). The training and t-resveratrol supplementation had no significant effect on the acute response of all variables except MDA [4.3 ± 1.4 (C group) vs. 4.0 ± 0.90 nmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.001) and TAC [8.5 ± 0.90 (C group) vs. 6.6 ± 0.80 mmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.004). It was concluded that resveratrol supplementation may prevent exercise-induced oxidative stress by preventing lipid peroxidation.

scholarly journals From Exercise to Cognitive Performance: Role of Irisin

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7120
Author(s):  
Mirko Pesce ◽  
Irene La Fratta ◽  
Teresa Paolucci ◽  
Alfredo Grilli ◽  
Antonia Patruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
General Exercise ◽  
Fibronectin Type Iii ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Fibronectin Type Iii Domain ◽  
The Brain

The beneficial effects of exercise on the brain are well known. In general, exercise offers an effective way to improve cognitive function in all ages, particularly in the elderly, who are considered the most vulnerable to neurodegenerative disorders. In this regard, myokines, hormones secreted by muscle in response to exercise, have recently gained attention as beneficial mediators. Irisin is a novel exercise-induced myokine, that modulates several bodily processes, such as glucose homeostasis, and reduces systemic inflammation. Irisin is cleaved from fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5), a transmembrane precursor protein expressed in muscle under the control of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). The FNDC5/irisin system is also expressed in the hippocampus, where it stimulates the expression of the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor in this area that is associated with learning and memory. In this review, we aimed to discuss the role of irisin as a key mediator of the beneficial effects of exercise on synaptic plasticity and memory in the elderly, suggesting its roles within the main promoters of the beneficial effects of exercise on the brain.

scholarly journals High-Fructose Diet Increases Inflammatory Cytokines and Alters Gut Microbiota Composition in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Wentao Qi ◽  
Ge Song ◽  
Shaojie Pang ◽  
Zhenzhen Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
Fructose Intake ◽  
High Fructose

High-fructose diet induced changes in gut microbiota structure and function, which have been linked to inflammatory response. However, the effect of small or appropriate doses of fructose on gut microbiota and inflammatory cytokines is not fully understood. Hence, the abundance changes of gut microbiota in fructose-treated Sprague-Dawley rats were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. The effects of fructose diet on metabolic disorders were evaluated by blood biochemical parameter test, histological analysis, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) analysis, ELISA analysis, and Western blot. Rats were intragastrically administered with pure fructose at the dose of 0 (Con), 2.6 (Fru-L), 5.3 (Fru-M), and 10.5 g/kg/day (Fru-H) for 20 weeks. The results showed that there were 36.5% increase of uric acid level in the Fru-H group when compared with the Con group. The serum proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and MIP-2) were significantly increased ( P < 0.05 ), and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was significantly decreased ( P < 0.05 ) with fructose treatment. A higher fructose intake induced lipid accumulation in the liver and inflammatory cell infiltration in the pancreas and colon and increased the abundances of Lachnospira, Parasutterella, Marvinbryantia, and Blantia in colonic contents. Fructose intake increased the expressions of lipid accumulation proteins including perilipin-1, ADRP, and Tip-47 in the colon. Moreover, the higher level intake of fructose impaired intestinal barrier function due to the decrease of the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin). In summary, there were no negative effects on body weight, fasting blood glucose, gut microbiota, and SCFAs in colonic contents of rats when fructose intake is in small or appropriate doses. High intake of fructose can increase uric acid, proinflammatory cytokines, intestinal permeability, and lipid accumulation in the liver and induce inflammatory response in the pancreas and colon.

Consumption of salt leads to ameliorate symptoms of metabolic disorder and change of gut microbiota

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 3779-3790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moon Ho Do ◽  
Hye-Bin Lee ◽  
Mi-Jin Oh ◽  
Hyunjhung Jhun ◽  
Sang Keun Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Disorder

Aerobic Training Suppresses Exercise-Induced Lipid Peroxidation and Inflammation in Overweight/Obese Adolescent Girls

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala Youssef ◽  
Carole Groussard ◽  
Sophie Lemoine-Morel ◽  
Christophe Jacob ◽  
Elie Moussa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
Exercise Induced

This study aimed to determine whether aerobic training could reduce lipid peroxidation and inflammation at rest and after maximal exhaustive exercise in overweight/obese adolescent girls. Thirty-nine adolescent girls (14-19 years old) were classified as nonobese or overweight/obese and then randomly assigned to either the nontrained or trained group (12-week multivariate aerobic training program). Measurements at the beginning of the experiment and at 3 months consisted of body composition, aerobic fitness (VO2peak) and the following blood assays: pre- and postexercise lipid peroxidation (15F2a-isoprostanes [F2-Isop], lipid hydroperoxide [ROOH], oxidized LDL [ox-LDL]) and inflammation (myeloperoxidase [MPO]) markers. In the overweight/obese group, the training program significantly increased their fat-free mass (FFM) and decreased their percentage of fat mass (%FM) and hip circumference but did not modify their VO2peak. Conversely, in the nontrained overweight/obese group, weight and %FM increased, and VO2peak decreased, during the same period. Training also prevented exercise-induced lipid peroxidation and/or inflammation in overweight/obese girls (F2-Isop, ROOH, ox-LDL, MPO). In addition, in the trained overweight/obese group, exercise-induced changes in ROOH, ox-LDL and F2-Isop were correlated with improvements in anthropometric parameters (waist-to-hip ratio, %FM and FFM). In conclusion aerobic training increased tolerance to exercise-induced oxidative stress in overweight/obese adolescent girls partly as a result of improved body composition.

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