Tissue zinc status and drug elimination in patients with chronic liver disease

1990 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Barry ◽  
P. W. N. Keeling ◽  
John Feely
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Antipyrine Clearance ◽  
Zinc Depletion ◽  
Antipyrine Kinetics ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

1. The zinc status and drug-metabolizing ability of 15 patients with histologically diagnosed hepatic cirrhosis were studied. Zinc status was assessed using both serum and leucocyte zinc concentrations, and drug-metabolizing ability was assessed by antipyrine kinetics. 2. Patients with cirrhosis were found to have lower serum and leucocyte zinc concentrations when compared with a healthy control group. 3. Leucocyte zinc content and antipyrine clearance were correlated. Those patients with the lowest leucocyte zinc content had the greatest impairment of drug metabolism. Antipyrine elimination and serum zinc concentrations were not correlated. 4. Leucocyte zinc concentrations and antipyrine clearance were not influenced by the severity of liver dysfunction, as assessed by using the Child Turcotte classification. 5. These results suggest that tissue zinc depletion in some patients with hepatic cirrhosis may explain in part the impaired capacity to metabolize drugs.

scholarly journals Zinc Status in Beta-Thalassemia Major

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
Khalaf Hussein Hasan ◽  
Hasan Abdulla Aswad ◽  
Aspazija Sofijanova
Keyword(s):  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Ferritin Level ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Zinc Status

BACKGROUND: Zinc is one of the most important minerals incorporated in the enzymes of the human body. Zinc may be deficient in patients with the β-thalassemia major with possible adverse outcomes. AIM: The purpose of this study was to assess the serum zinc status in β-thalassemia major patients in Duhok city. PATIENTS, MATERIAL, AND METHODS: In this case–control study, 70 children with β-thalassemia major (2–12 years) of both genders were enrolled and were matched with 70 apparently healthy children for age and sex. A venous blood sample was obtained from each child for the measurement of serum zinc and serum ferritin levels at Jin Center in Duhok City between January 1 and June 30, 2017. RESULTS: The mean serum zinc in the thalassemia patients (74.79 [±25.14] μg/dl) was significantly lower compared to the control group (93.61 [±15.12] μg/dl), (p = 0.0001). The serum zinc was not significantly different in thalassemia patients in terms of age, disease onset, gender, height, weight, body mass index, amount of blood transfusion, and type of chelation. There was a statistically significant correlation between serum zinc levels with a serum ferritin level of patients. CONCLUSION: The study showed that thalassemia patients have significantly lower serum levels of zinc with no relation to medical factors.

scholarly journals The Effect of Biscuits Made From Pumpkin Seeds Flour on Serum Zinc Levels and Weight in Malnutrition Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (A) ◽  
pp. 428-433
Author(s):  
Aminuddin Syam ◽  
Fitrah Khaerani Burhan ◽  
Veni Hadju ◽  
C. Citrakesumasari ◽  
Andi Muhammad Akhmar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pumpkin Seed ◽  
Seed Flour ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels

BACKGROUND: Serum zinc levels are found to be low in children of protein energy malnutrition globally. Pumpkin seed flour has a high zinc content of 6.88 mg/100 g, has been formulated biscuits made from pumpkin seed flour with a zinc content of 1.52 mg/100 g. AIM: This study aims to determine the effect of giving biscuits made from pumpkin seed flour to serum zinc levels and body weight in malnutrition Wistar rats. METHODS: This research is a true experiment with pre-post-test with control group design. Subjects were 28 male Wistar strain rats induced by fasting malnutrition for 3 days and then given biscuits with a zinc dose of 0.027 mg; 0.054 mg; and 0.081 mg/BW/day and in the control group without biscuits for 2 weeks. Serum zinc levels were examined using the atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and one-way ANOVA test. RESULTS: Paired t-test results on serum zinc levels obtained p > 0.05 and on body weight obtained p < 0.05. One-way ANOVA test results on serum zinc levels after the intervention obtained p > 0.05 and at body weight obtained p < 0.05 followed by post hoc least significant difference test found that there were significant differences between the control group and the P1 group, a dose of 0.027 mg (p = 0.015) and P2 groups, doses of 0.054 mg (p = 0.012). Greater weight gain was found in the P1 group with an increase of 38.85%. CONCLUSION: The provision of biscuits made from pumpkin seed flour has an effect on increasing body weight of malnutrition Wistar rats and has no effect on serum zinc levels, so further research is expected to use different doses.

Changes in plasma zinc content after exercise in men fed a low-zinc diet

1984 ◽  
Vol 247 (1) ◽  
pp. E88-E93 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Lukaski ◽  
W. W. Bolonchuk ◽  
L. M. Klevay ◽  
D. B. Milne ◽  
H. H. Sandstead
Keyword(s):  
Copper Content ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Zinc Depletion ◽  
Plasma Copper ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Zinc Repletion ◽  
Zinc Balance

For 30 days five healthy men aged 23-57 yr consumed a diet adequate in zinc (8.6 mg/day); they ate a low-zinc diet (3.6 mg/day) for the next 120 days and then received a zinc-supplemented (33.6 mg/day) diet for 30 days. Copper intake was constant at 1.8 mg/day. Aerobic capacity was determined periodically during each diet period. Relative zinc balance (% of control) declined during depletion (r = -0.28, P less than 0.009). Pre- and postexercise zinc concentrations decreased when dietary zinc was restricted (r = -0.61, P less than 0.0001 and r = -0.78, P less than 0.0001) and increased with supplementation (r = 0.61, P less than 0.008 and r = 0.76, P less than 0.0003, respectively). Both plasma zinc and hematocrit increased (P less than 0.01) after maximal exercise. To minimize the effect of hemoconcentration during exercise, the van Beaumont quotient (J. Appl. Physiol. 34: 102-106, 1973) was calculated using pre- and postexercise hematocrit and plasma zinc. The initial quotient of 1.8 +/- 1.8% (mean +/- SE) declined (P less than 0.05) to -7.4 +/- 2.3% during depletion. With zinc repletion, the quotient increased to 6.9 +/- 3.6%, which was greater (P less than 0.05) than the quotient in depletion but similar to the initial quotient. The quotient was a strong predictor (r = 0.71, P less than 0.0005) of the change in relative zinc balance during zinc depletion. In contrast, no changes were found in plasma copper content. These data suggest that zinc mobilization from tissues is impaired during zinc depletion, and they validate the use of the van Beaumont quotient as an index of change in body zinc stores.

scholarly journals Indicators of zinc status at the population level: a review of the evidence

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (S3) ◽  
pp. S14-S23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind S. Gibson ◽  
Sonja Y. Hess ◽  
Christine Hotz ◽  
Kenneth H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Collaborative Group ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Zinc Metalloenzymes ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
New Biomarkers

The role of zinc deficiency as an important cause of morbidity and impaired linear growth has prompted the need to identify indicators of population zinc status. Three indicators have been recommended – prevalence of zinc intakes below the estimated average requirement (EAR), percentage with low serum zinc concentrations, and percentage of children aged < 5 years who are stunted. This review outlines steps to estimate the prevalence of inadequate intakes, and confirm their validity based on the EARs set by International Zinc Nutrition Collaborative Group. Next, the appropriateness of serum zinc as a biochemical marker for population zinc status is confirmed by a summary of: (a) the response of serum zinc concentrations to zinc intakes; (b) usefulness of serum zinc concentrations to predict functional responses to zinc interventions; (c) relationship between initial serum zinc and change in serum zinc in response to interventions. Height- or length-for-age was chosen as the best functional outcome after considering the responses of growth, infectious diseases (diarrhoea, pneumonia), and developmental outcomes in zinc supplementation trials and correlation studies. The potential of other zinc biomarkers such as zinc concentrations in hair, cells, zinc-metalloenzymes, and zinc-binding proteins, such as metallothionein, is also discussed. Molecular techniques employing reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction to measure mRNA in metallothionein and ZIP1 transporter hold promise, as do kinetic markers such as exchangeable zinc pools (EZP) and plasma zinc turnover rates. More research is needed to establish the validity, specificity, sensitivity, and feasibility of these new biomarkers, especially in community-settings.

scholarly journals Concurrent Training Decreases Cortisol but Not Zinc Concentrations: Effects of Distinct Exercise Protocols

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Rosa ◽  
Marcos de Sá Rego Fortes ◽  
Danielli B. de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Study Session ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Blood Variables

Objectives. To investigate the effects of distinct concurrent training (CT) protocols on zinc and cortisol concentrations and test the correlation between these blood variables.Methods. Samples of serum zinc and cortisol were assessed from 10 male subjects (27.1±4.8years old; BMI25.38±0.09) before and immediately after each study session: control (CS = no exercises), concurrent training 1 (CT1 = indoor cycling + strength training), and concurrent training 2 (CT2 = strength training + indoor cycle) with five days of interval between each.Results. There were no significant changes in zinc concentrations after the CS (Δ% = 8.45;p=0.07), CT1 (Δ% = 4.77;p=0.49), and CT2 (Δ% = −2.90;p=0.12) sessions. Cortisol levels showed significant decrease after CS (Δ% = −6.02;p=0.00), CT1 (Δ% = −26.32;p=0.02), and CT2 (Δ% = −33.57;p=0.05) sessions. There was a significant correlation between the variables only at CS (zinc post versus cortisol pre:r=0.82and cortisol post:r=0.82).Conclusions. CT decreases cortisol concentrations regardless of the sequence performed. No changes were found in zinc concentrations after the study sessions. The reduction in serum cortisol concentrations appear to occur by a mechanism independent of the zinc status.

Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Risk in Obese Women and their Relationship with Zinc Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 734-742
Author(s):  
Juliana S. Severo ◽  
Jennifer B.S. Morais ◽  
Jessica B. Beserra ◽  
Kyria J. Clímaco Cruz ◽  
Ana R.S. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

Background: Excessive adipose tissue, in the case of common obesity, has been associated with an endocrine-metabolic alteration that contributes to a manifestation of dyslipidemia. To identify mechanisms which are involved in disorders of lipid metabolism, several nutrients have been studied, especially zinc, which act by regulating transcription factors that are important for synthesis and oxidation of lipids and act as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nutrient. Thus, the study makes an assessment of the zinc status and biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in obese women. Methods: A case-control study enrolling obese (body mass index (BMI) ≥35 kg/m²) and eutrophic (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m²) Brazilian women was conducted. Dietary zinc intake was assessed by the three-day food registry. Plasma, erythrocyte and urinary zinc concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Cardiovascular risk was assessed by plasma concentrations of lipid fractions, and by anthropometric measures. Results: Both groups showed a dietary zinc intake above the recommendations, with no statistical difference between them (p >0.05). Mean plasma and erythrocyte zinc concentrations were significantly reduced in obese women, compared to the control group (p <0.05). Urinary zinc excretion was significantly higher in obese women (p <0.05), who also had a significantly higher cardiovascular risk when compared to the control group (p <0.05). An inverse correlation between dietary zinc intake and waist-hip ratio was found in obese women. Conclusion: Obese women presented zinc redistribution characterized by reduced concentrations in plasma and erythrocytes, dietary zinc intake above the recommended, and increased zinc excretion in the urine. This study shows dyshomeostasis of zinc in obesity, a possible role in adiposity control and, consequently, its protective role against cardiovascular risk, due to its influence on risk biomarkers, such as waist-hip ratio.

Zinc status of grazing sheep: seasonal changes in zinc concentrations in plasma, wool and pasture

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (102) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
DG Masters ◽  
M Somers
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
South West ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Grazing Sheep ◽  
Zinc Levels

Zinc status of grazing sheep was surveyed for three years on six properties in the south-west of Western Australia. The concentration of zinc in the plasma of rams and ewes varied both among sheep and among properties, and was up to 21% lower in autumn than in spring. The zinc status of ewes, but not rams, remained low in winter, as reflected by both plasma and wool levels. Pasture zinc levels were lowest in autumn and highest in winter, and regular recordings below 20 �g g-1 were made. The low zinc status of sheep in autumn was accompanied by low pasture zinc content and a low pasture availability. However, the data suggest that the decrease in maternal zinc levels during winter are due to reproductive stress. Plasma zinc levels regularly fell below the presently suggested optimum, and seasonal variation in both plasma and wool zinc levels indicates that in autumn and possibly winter there is an inadequate uptake of zinc. This is indirect evidence for a widespread marginal deficiency of zinc in grazing sheep.

scholarly journals Effects of organic zinc supplementation in weaned calves

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylva Dresler ◽  
Josef Illek ◽  
Ladislav Zeman
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Organic Zinc ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Organic Zn

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of organic zinc supplementation in calves on serum zinc (Zn) concentrations, selected metabolic profile indicators and serum immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations. The trial included 2 groups (n = 10) of weaned female calves. The Zn-Methionin calves (group Zn-Met) were supplemented with 30 mg Zn-Met/kg dry matter (DM)/day (BIOPLEX® Zn, Alltech, USA) for 90 days; the control calves (group C) received the same diet without organic zinc supplementation. Compared to the control group, organic Zn treatment significantly increased serum Zn concentration (P < 0.05), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P < 0.01) and total Ig (P < 0.01) in the group Zn-Met at the beginning (7 days from the start of Zn-Met supplementation) of the trial. At the end of the trial (day 90) serum total protein (TP) (P < 0.05), albumin (P < 0.01), urea (P < 0.01), SOD (P < 0.01), copper (Cu) (P < 0.05), Zn (P < 0.01) and Ig (P < 0.05) concentrations were significantly higher in the Zn-Met calves. In the control group alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was significantly (P < 0.01) higher on day 90. A positive correlation between zinc concentrations, ALP, and SOD activities in serum, and a negative correlation between zinc and copper concentrations were demonstrated. Dietary Zn-Met supplementation in calves markedly influenced the metabolic profile and serum immunoglobulin concentrations. Compared to the control group, the Zn supplemented group showed a significantly (P < 0.05) lower ALP and significantly greater SOD serum activity (P < 0.01) at the end of the trial. Total Ig concentrations were significantly higher in the Zn treated group (day 7: P < 0.01 vs. day 90: P < 0.05).

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