scholarly journals Concurrent Training Decreases Cortisol but Not Zinc Concentrations: Effects of Distinct Exercise Protocols

Scientifica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Rosa ◽  
Marcos de Sá Rego Fortes ◽  
Danielli B. de Mello
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Study Session ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Blood Variables

Objectives. To investigate the effects of distinct concurrent training (CT) protocols on zinc and cortisol concentrations and test the correlation between these blood variables.Methods. Samples of serum zinc and cortisol were assessed from 10 male subjects (27.1±4.8years old; BMI25.38±0.09) before and immediately after each study session: control (CS = no exercises), concurrent training 1 (CT1 = indoor cycling + strength training), and concurrent training 2 (CT2 = strength training + indoor cycle) with five days of interval between each.Results. There were no significant changes in zinc concentrations after the CS (Δ% = 8.45;p=0.07), CT1 (Δ% = 4.77;p=0.49), and CT2 (Δ% = −2.90;p=0.12) sessions. Cortisol levels showed significant decrease after CS (Δ% = −6.02;p=0.00), CT1 (Δ% = −26.32;p=0.02), and CT2 (Δ% = −33.57;p=0.05) sessions. There was a significant correlation between the variables only at CS (zinc post versus cortisol pre:r=0.82and cortisol post:r=0.82).Conclusions. CT decreases cortisol concentrations regardless of the sequence performed. No changes were found in zinc concentrations after the study sessions. The reduction in serum cortisol concentrations appear to occur by a mechanism independent of the zinc status.

scholarly journals Indicators of zinc status at the population level: a review of the evidence

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (S3) ◽  
pp. S14-S23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind S. Gibson ◽  
Sonja Y. Hess ◽  
Christine Hotz ◽  
Kenneth H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Collaborative Group ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Functional Responses ◽  
Zinc Metalloenzymes ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
New Biomarkers

The role of zinc deficiency as an important cause of morbidity and impaired linear growth has prompted the need to identify indicators of population zinc status. Three indicators have been recommended – prevalence of zinc intakes below the estimated average requirement (EAR), percentage with low serum zinc concentrations, and percentage of children aged < 5 years who are stunted. This review outlines steps to estimate the prevalence of inadequate intakes, and confirm their validity based on the EARs set by International Zinc Nutrition Collaborative Group. Next, the appropriateness of serum zinc as a biochemical marker for population zinc status is confirmed by a summary of: (a) the response of serum zinc concentrations to zinc intakes; (b) usefulness of serum zinc concentrations to predict functional responses to zinc interventions; (c) relationship between initial serum zinc and change in serum zinc in response to interventions. Height- or length-for-age was chosen as the best functional outcome after considering the responses of growth, infectious diseases (diarrhoea, pneumonia), and developmental outcomes in zinc supplementation trials and correlation studies. The potential of other zinc biomarkers such as zinc concentrations in hair, cells, zinc-metalloenzymes, and zinc-binding proteins, such as metallothionein, is also discussed. Molecular techniques employing reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction to measure mRNA in metallothionein and ZIP1 transporter hold promise, as do kinetic markers such as exchangeable zinc pools (EZP) and plasma zinc turnover rates. More research is needed to establish the validity, specificity, sensitivity, and feasibility of these new biomarkers, especially in community-settings.

scholarly journals The endotoxin-induced increase of cytokines is followed by an increase of cortisol relative to dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in healthy male subjects

2002 ◽  
Vol 175 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Straub ◽  
A Schuld ◽  
J Mullington ◽  
M Haack ◽  
J Scholmerich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
T Helper Lymphocyte ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Male Subjects

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA sulphate (DHEAS) inhibit T-helper lymphocyte type 2 immune reactions and exert anti-inflammatory effects in some chronic inflammatory diseases. Both DHEA and, in particular, DHEAS levels are dramatically decreased in chronic inflammatory diseases whereas cortisol levels remain stable or are elevated. However, the time course of cortisol relative to DHEA production is not known. We tested whether administration of endotoxin to healthy male subjects can induce an early predominance of cortisol relative to DHEA and DHEAS. It is demonstrated that endotoxin induces a dose-dependent increase of cortisol in relation to DHEA (no effect at 0.2 ng endotoxin/kg body weight (b.w.), clear effect at 0.4 and 0.8 ng/kg b.w., p<0.05) and DHEAS (tested at 0.4 ng/kg b.w., P=0.014). The increase of cortisol relative to DHEA appears 4 h after endotoxin injection and 2 h after a strong increase of interleukin (IL)-6 relative to tumour necrosis factor (TNF). In addition, an increase of cortisol relative to 17OH-progesterone was observed. The ratio of serum IL-6/TNF was positively correlated with the ratio of serum cortisol/DHEA (R(Rank)=0.472, P=0.041) and serum cortisol/17OH-progesterone (R(Rank)=0.514, P=0.048). In conclusion, dissociation of cortisol relative to DHEA, DHEAS or 17OH-progesterone appears very early during a systemic inflammatory response which is associated with an increase of IL-6 relative to TNF. As in chronic inflammatory diseases, during an acute inflammatory response with endotoxin, these physiological hormone changes are probably necessary to achieve adequate cortisol levels at the expense of adrenal androgens.

Tissue zinc status and drug elimination in patients with chronic liver disease

1990 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Barry ◽  
P. W. N. Keeling ◽  
John Feely
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Antipyrine Clearance ◽  
Zinc Depletion ◽  
Antipyrine Kinetics ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

1. The zinc status and drug-metabolizing ability of 15 patients with histologically diagnosed hepatic cirrhosis were studied. Zinc status was assessed using both serum and leucocyte zinc concentrations, and drug-metabolizing ability was assessed by antipyrine kinetics. 2. Patients with cirrhosis were found to have lower serum and leucocyte zinc concentrations when compared with a healthy control group. 3. Leucocyte zinc content and antipyrine clearance were correlated. Those patients with the lowest leucocyte zinc content had the greatest impairment of drug metabolism. Antipyrine elimination and serum zinc concentrations were not correlated. 4. Leucocyte zinc concentrations and antipyrine clearance were not influenced by the severity of liver dysfunction, as assessed by using the Child Turcotte classification. 5. These results suggest that tissue zinc depletion in some patients with hepatic cirrhosis may explain in part the impaired capacity to metabolize drugs.

Zinc Concentrations in Pure Populations of Peripheral Blood Neutrophils, Lymphocytes and Monocytes

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen F Goode ◽  
J Kelleher ◽  
B E Walker
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Blood Neutrophils ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Cellular Zinc

It is doubtful if the measurement of plasma or serum zinc is of value in assessing zinc status. Leucocyte zinc has been suggested as an alternative since it may be representative of tissue zinc stores; but in many studies poorly defined cell populations make interpretation difficult. This paper describes detailed techniques for the isolation and analysis of pure populations of neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes. Zinc concentrations (± 1SD) in normal subjects were 1·;26 ± 0·;27 nmol/mg protein, 1·;85 ± 0·;32 nmol/mg protein and 2·;58 ±0·;65 nmol/mg protein in neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes respectively. Fasting caused a significant decrease in neutrophil and lymphocyte zinc, and an increase in monocyte zinc. Supplementation of zinc-replete subjects with 135 mg zinc/day for 3 weeks had no significant effect on cellular zinc concentrations.

Use of Serum Zinc Concentration as an Indicator of Population Zinc Status

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3_suppl3) ◽  
pp. S403-S429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Y. Hess ◽  
Janet M. Peerson ◽  
Janet C. King ◽  
Kenneth H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Interindividual Variation ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Serum Zinc Concentration ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Intervention Trials

Assessing the prevalence and severity of zinc deficiency in populations is critical to determine the need for and appropriate targeting of zinc intervention programs and to assess their effectiveness for improving the health and well-being of high-risk populations. However, there is very little information on the zinc status of populations worldwide due to the lack of consensus on appropriate biochemical indicators of zinc status. The objective of this review was to evaluate the use of serum zinc concentration as an indicator of population zinc status. We have reviewed the response of serum zinc concentration to dietary zinc restriction and zinc supplementation. In addition, we completed pooled analyses of nine zinc intervention trials in young children to assess the relations between serum zinc concentration of individuals before treatment and their responses to zinc supplementation. Also, in updated combined analyses of previously published data, we investigated the relation between the mean initial serum zinc concentration of a study population and their mean growth responses to zinc supplementation in randomized intervention trials among children. The results from depletion/repletion studies indicate that serum zinc concentrations respond appreciably to severe dietary zinc restriction, although there is considerable interindividual variation in these responses. There is also clear evidence that both individual and population mean serum zinc concentrations increase consistently during zinc supplementation, regardless of the initial level of serum zinc concentration. By contrast, an individual's serum zinc concentration does not reliably predict that person's response to zinc supplementation. Serum zinc concentration can be considered a useful biomarker of a population's risk of zinc deficiency and response to zinc interventions, although it may not be a reliable indicator of individual zinc status.

A cross-sectional study of the correlation between diabetic therapy and serum zinc concentrations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamoru Sakurai ◽  
Junko Sasaki ◽  
Hirotsugu Suwanai ◽  
Jumpei Shikuma ◽  
Rokuro Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

scholarly journals Ambient air pollutants are associated with morning serum cortisol in overweight and obese Latino youth in Los Angeles

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Toledo-Corral ◽  
T. L. Alderete ◽  
M. M. Herting ◽  
R. Habre ◽  
A. K. Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Pubertal Status ◽  
Ambient Air Pollutants ◽  
Morning Cortisol ◽  
Morning Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Levels

Abstract Background Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis dysfunction has been associated with a variety of mental health and cardio-metabolic disorders. While causal models of HPA-axis dysregulation have been largely focused on either pre-existing health conditions or psychosocial stress factors, recent evidence suggests a possible role for central nervous system activation via air pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and particulate matter (PM). Therefore, in an observational study of Latino youth, we investigated if monthly ambient NO2, O3, and PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 (PM2.5) exposure were associated with morning serum cortisol levels. Methods In this cross-sectional study, morning serum cortisol level was assessed after a supervised overnight fast in 203 overweight and obese Latino children and adolescents (female/male: 88/115; mean age: 11.1 ± 1.7 years; pre-pubertal/pubertal/post-pubertal: 85/101/17; BMI z-score: 2.1 ± 0.4). Cumulative concentrations of NO2, O3 and PM2.5 were spatially interpolated at the residential addresses based on measurements from community monitors up to 12 months prior to testing. Single and multi-pollutant linear effects models were used to test the cumulative monthly lag effects of NO2, O3, and PM2.5 on morning serum cortisol levels after adjusting for age, sex, seasonality, social position, pubertal status, and body fat percent by DEXA. Results Single and multi-pollutant models showed that higher O3 exposure (derived from maximum 8-h exposure windows) in the prior 1–7 months was associated with higher serum morning cortisol (p < 0.05) and longer term PM2.5 exposure (4–10 months) was associated with lower serum morning cortisol levels (p < 0.05). Stratification by pubertal status showed associations in pre-pubertal children compared to pubertal and post-pubertal children. Single, but not multi-pollutant, models showed that higher NO2 over the 4–10 month exposure period associated with lower morning serum cortisol (p < 0.05). Conclusions Chronic ambient NO2, O3 and PM2.5 differentially associate with HPA-axis dysfunction, a mechanism that may serve as an explanatory pathway in the relationship between ambient air pollution and metabolic health of youth living in polluted urban environments. Further research that uncovers how ambient air pollutants may differentially contribute to HPA-axis dysfunction are warranted.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serum Zinc Status of Pregnant Women in the China Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance (CACDNS) 2015

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1375
Author(s):  
Xiao-Bing Liu ◽  
Jia-Xi Lu ◽  
Li-Juan Wang ◽  
Yi-Chun Hu ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
National Monitoring ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zinc Nutrition

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum zinc status of pregnant women in the China Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance (CACDNS) in 2015–2016. Methods: A total of 7147 apparently healthy pregnant women were randomly selected in 302 national monitoring sites. Information on age, race, residence region, education, pregnancy, and family income per annum was collected, and the concentration of serum zinc was determined. The evaluation of serum zinc status was further performed according to the recommendations by the International Zinc Nutrition Consultative Group (IZiNCG). Results: The median concentration of serum zinc was 858.9 μg/L with an interquartile range (IQR) of 712.9 μg/L and 1048.9 μg/L, while the overall prevalence of zinc deficiency was 3.5% with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 3.0% and 3.9%. Serum zinc status of pregnant women changed greatly in the different categories, particular in pregnancy and family income per annum (p < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed in the prevalence of zinc deficiency (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The lower prevalence of zinc deficiency generally indicated a better zinc status for pregnant women in the CACDNS in 2015–2016. However, a well-designed evaluation system of zinc status for pregnant women should be continually optimized and improved by inducing more parameters such as biochemical, dietary, or functional indicators.

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