Serum total sialic acid, a reputed cardiovascular risk factor, and its relationship to lipids, plasma fasting insulin, blood pressure and body mass index in normal individuals

1998 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. CROOK ◽  
P. LUMB ◽  
V. ANDREWS ◽  
R. SWAMINATHAN
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Total Sialic Acid ◽  
Fasting Plasma

1.Serum sialic acid is a reputed cardiovascular risk factor, but the reason why this is so is not clear. We therefore studied its relationship with other known cardiovascular risk factors (particularly those associated with insulin resistance) in 100 healthy young subjects (54 females and 46 males, age 20.7±0.89 years). 2.There was a significant univariate correlation between serum total sialic acid and fasting plasma insulin. Serum total sialic acid also correlated with fasting plasma glucose concentration and serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol. 3.In females there was a strong univariate correlation between serum total sialic acid and plasma fasting insulin and glucose concentrations, although in males there was a weaker univariate correlation between serum total sialic acid and fasting plasma glucose and the insulin resistance index. In addition, serum total sialic acid significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure, fasting serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations and body mass index in the females. In males serum total sialic acid significantly positively correlated with fasting serum cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations, and correlated inversely with the hip/waist ratio. 4.In multiple regression analysis of the 100 subjects serum total sialic acid correlated independently with fasting serum cholesterol, glucose and also plasma insulin concentrations. In females serum total sialic acid independently correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and serum cholesterol and fasting plasma glucose concentrations, although there was no significant independent correlation between serum total sialic acid and any of the other variables in the males.

scholarly journals Dapagliflozin improves cardiovascular risk factors in Emirati patients with T2DM

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204201882199536
Author(s):  
Aml Mohamed Nada ◽  
Mariam Adel Younan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Fasting Plasma

Background: Dapagliflozin is a sodium–glucose co transporter-2 inhibitor that proved efficacy in reduction of blood glucose level through extrusion of glucose in urine. It is used in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It also has reported cardiovascular and renal benefits in patients with T2DM. Data are very limited about its effects in Emirati patients with diabetes. Our aim was to evaluate dapagliflozin treatment in Emirati patients with T2DM. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective study involving 89 diabetes patients who were using dapagliflozin 10 mg once daily as add-on therapy for 12 months. All patients had T2DM, aged over 18 years and had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over 60 ml/min/1.73 m². Body weight, height, body mass index, sitting blood pressure and heart rate were collected. Fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile and other available biochemical parameters, for example, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urine albumin/creatinine ratio were traced from medical records and eGFR was calculated. Results: Patients were aged 62.3 ± 9.4 years with a median duration of diabetes of 15 (10–20) years. Data were analyzed before, at 6 months and 12 months of treatment. Fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure significantly decreased ( p = 0.002, p < 0.0005, p < 0.002, p < 0.0005, p < 0.0005, respectively). The median reduction of HbA1c was 0.7% (0.2–1.2) and 0.9% (0.5–1.8) at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Systolic blood pressure decreased by a median of 7 mmHg (4–20 mmHg) and 9 mmHg (1–10 mmHg) on the 6th and 12th month of treatment, respectively, while the diastolic decreased by a median of 3 mmHg (4 to 10 mmHg) and 6 mmHg (1–10 mmHg); without increase in heart rate ( p = 0.188). A significant reduction of body mass index, C-reactive protein and rate pressure product was noticed ( p = 0.002, p = 0.001, p < 0.0005, respectively). No decline in eGFR or microalbuminuria was noticed. Stage I chronic kidney disease with eGFR < 90 ml/min/1.73 m² showed continuous progressive reduction of HbA1c without a significant change in other variables. Conclusion: Our data indicate improved cardiovascular risk profile in dapagliflozin-treated Emirati patients with T2DM.

Association of Triglyceride-glucose Index and the Risk of Incident Diabetes: a Secondary Analysis Based on a Chinese Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Li ◽  
Guilong Li ◽  
Tiantian Cheng ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Guangyao Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Incident Diabetes ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Tyg Index ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BackgroundTriglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) has been regarded as a reliable alternative marker of insulin resistance. However, study on the relationship between TyG index and incident diabetes remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between TyG index and incident diabetes in a large cohort of Chinese population.MethodsThe present study was a retrospective cohort study using healthy screening programme data in China. A total of 201,298 subjects free of baseline diabetes were included who received a health check with all medical records from 2010 to 2016. TyG index was calculated as Ln[fasting triglyceride level (mg/dl) x fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl)/2]. Diagnosis of diabetes was based on fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.00 mmol/L and/or self-reported diabetes. Cox proportion-hazard model was used to assess the relationship between TyG index at baseline and the risk of incident diabetes. It should be noted that the data was uploaded to the DATADRYAD website, and we only used this data for secondary analysis.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 3.12 years of 201,298 individuals aged ≥ 20 years old, 3389 subjects developed diabetes. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, serum creatinine, smoking, drinking and family history of diabetes, multivariate cox hazards regression analysis indicated that TyG index was positive correlation with the risk of developing diabetes in Chinese population (HR, 3.34; 95% CI, 3.11 to 3.60). The risk of incident diabetes increased with increasing TyG index. Subjects with TyG index in the fourth quartile were 6.26 times more likely to develop diabetes than the lowest quartile (P trend < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed the stronger association was observed in the population with age < 40, BMI (≥ 18.5, < 24 kg/m2), SBP < 140 mmHg or females (all P for interaction < 0.0001).Conclusions TyG index was independently correlated with the increased risk of diabetes in Chinese adults, suggesting that TyG index may be a useful marker for identifying individuals at high risk of developing diabetes.

A Significance Assessment of Diabetes Diagnostic Biomarkers Using Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Cui ◽  
Elena Daskalaki ◽  
Md Zakir Hossain ◽  
Artem Lenskiy ◽  
Christopher J Nolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Hemoglobin A1c ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Fasting Plasma

Diabetes can be diagnosed by either Fasting Plasma Glucose or Hemoglobin A1c. The aim of our study was to explore the differences between the two criteria through the development of a machine learning based diabetes diagnostic algorithm and analysing the predictive contribution of each input biomarker. Our study concludes that fasting insulin is predictive of diabetes defined by FPG, but not by HbA1c. Besides, 28 other fasting blood biomarkers were not significant predictors of diabetes.

scholarly journals Effects of Pleurotus ostreatus on Blood Pressure and Glycemic Status of Hypertensive Diabetic Male Volunteers

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
MBK Choudhury ◽  
T Rahman ◽  
AJ Kakon ◽  
N Hoque ◽  
M Akhtaruzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Plasma Creatinine Level ◽  
Male Volunteers ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Regular Intake

Different species of mushrooms are being used increasingly for their nutritional and medicinal values. They are used in traditional medical practice in the treatment and prevention of diabetes, obesity, heart diesaes, hyperacidity, cancer and hypertension. This study was designed to see the effects of Pleurotus ostreatus on blood pressure and glycemic status of hypertensive diabetic male volunteers. The study was carried out in the National Mushroom development and Extension Center (NAMDEC) laboratory, Savar, Dhaka in collaboration with the Department of Pharmacy along with the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University. A total of 27 hypertensive male volunteers suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus with age range of 32 to 68 years, who were free from renal impairment and other known acute or chronic diseases were included in the study. Blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c and serum creatinine were measured before and after 3 months of regular intake of 3 grams mushroom powder capsule daily in in 3 divided doses. However they were allowed to continue the drugs they were taking already. The study showed that after 3 months of regular intake of Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom, both systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly (p<0.001). It was also observed that, Pleurotus ostreatus decreased fasting plasma glucose level significantly (p<0.001). Reduction of HbA1c % observed after 3 months of mushroom intake was found to be significant (p<0.001). But there was no significant change of plasma creatinine level (p>0.05) indicating Pleurotus ostreatus has no detrimental effect on renal system. From the study, it can be said that, Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom intake improves glycemic status and blood pressure control in diabetic hypertensive subjects. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v6i1.13280 Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2013; 6(1): 5-10

Gender Differences in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Metabolically Healthy Normal Weight Adults with Central Obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (05) ◽  
pp. 309-315
Author(s):  
Katarína Šebeková ◽  
Melinda Csongová ◽  
Radana Gurecká ◽  
Zora Krivošíková ◽  
Jozef Šebek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

AbstractWe investigated whether metabolically healthy normal weight adults with central obesity display worse cardiometabolic profile compared with their centrally lean counterparts. This retrospective, cross-sectional study, comprised 1 135 subjects (64% females) aged 18-to-81 years, presenting ≤2 components of metabolic syndrome. They were classified as centrally lean (waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)<0.5 and waist circumference<80 cm in females and<94 cm in males) or presenting central obesity (WHtR ≥0.5, regardless of waist circumference). Data on blood pressure, glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, renal function, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), uric acid, adiponectin, leptin, and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products were compared between the groups, separately in males and females. 5.7% of males and 6.9% of females presented WHtR ≥0.5. Compared with centrally lean subjects, those with central obesity had higher BMI-adjusted fasting plasma glucose (p<0.001), and leptin levels (p<0.05); females also presented higher blood pressure (p<0.001), while males had higher hsCRP concentrations (p=0.021). These changes associated with significantly higher BMI-adjusted odds to present fasting plasma glucose >5.6 mmol/l in both genders, higher odds to present hsCRP >3 mg/l in males, and those to present elevated blood pressure in females. Our analysis suggests that in metabolically healthy normal weight subjects WHtR ≥0.5 might indicate “early increased health risk”.

Classical cardiovascular risk factors according to fasting plasma glucose levels

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Martinez-Hervas ◽  
Pedro Romero ◽  
Enrique B. Hevilla ◽  
José T. Real ◽  
Antonia Priego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Fasting Plasma
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