Stress, Anxiety, Somatic Complaints, and Voice Use in Women With Vocal Nodules

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. Goldman ◽  
Joan Hargrave ◽  
Robert E. Hillman ◽  
Eva Holmberg ◽  
Carla Gress
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Voice Disorders ◽  
Somatic Complaints ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preliminary Examination ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vocal Nodules ◽  
Voice Use

Psychosocial factors long have been associated with the development of hyperfunctional voice disorders such as vocal nodules. However, experimental evidence concerning the role of these factors in the etiology of vocal nodules specifically is sparse. The present study represents a preliminary examination of some psychosocial factors for 3 groups of adult female subjects: 27 with vocal nodules, 17 with hyperfunctionally related voice disorders other than nodules (pathological control), and 33 with no history of voice disorders (normal control). Four psychosocial factors were studied: stress (measured by the Social Readjustment Rating Questionnaire), anxiety (measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), voice use, and somatic complaints (both measured by our own instruments). Relative to the normal control group, the patients with nodules showed significantly increased scores on all factors except stress. The pathological control group showed significantly increased scores on all factors except voice use. No significant differences were found between the group with nodules and the pathological control group on any factor. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for clinical practice and future research.

scholarly journals Predictors of suicidal thoughts and behavior in children: results from penalized logistic regression analyses in the ABCD study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura S. van Velzen ◽  
Yara J. Toenders ◽  
Aina Avila-Parcet ◽  
Richard Dinga ◽  
Jill A. Rabinowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
History Of ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Penalized Logistic Regression

AbstractDespite numerous efforts to predict suicide risk in children, the ability to reliably identify youth that will engage in suicide thoughts or behaviors (STB) has remained remarkably unsuccessful. To further knowledge in this area, we apply a novel machine learning approach and examine whether children with STB could be differentiated from children without STB based on a combination of sociodemographic, physical health, social environmental, clinical psychiatric, cognitive, biological and genetic characteristics. The study sample included 5,885 unrelated children (50% female, 67% white) between 9 and 11 years old from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Both parents and youth reported on children’s STB and based on these reports, we divided children into three subgroups: 1. children with current or past STB, 2. children with psychiatric disorder but no STB (clinical controls) and 3. healthy control children. We performed binomial penalized logistic regression analysis to distinguish between groups. The analyses were performed separately for child-reported STB and parent-reported STB. Results showed that we were able to distinguish the STB group from healthy controls and clinical controls (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) range: 0.79-0.81 and 0.70-0.78 respectively). However, we could not distinguish children with suicidal ideation from those who attempted suicide (AUROC range 0.49-0.59). Factors that differentiated the STB group from the clinical control group included family conflict, prodromal psychosis symptoms, impulsivity, depression severity and a history of mental health treatment. Future research is needed to determine if these variables prospectively predict subsequent suicidal behavior.

Personality and Voice Disorders

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Roy ◽  
Diane M. Bless ◽  
Dennis Heisey
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Voice Disorders ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Personality Differences ◽  
Functional Dysphonia ◽  
Vocal Nodules ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
And Control

To determine whether personality factors play causal, concomitant, or consequential roles in common voice disorders, a vocally normal control group and four groups with voice disorders—functional dysphonia (FD), vocal nodules (VN), spasmodic dysphonia (SD), and unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP)—were compared on measures of personality and psychological adjustment. Superfactor group comparisons revealed that the majority of FD and VN subjects were classified as introverts and extraverts, respectively. Comparisons involving the SD, UVFP, and control subjects did not identify consistent personality differences. The disability hypothesis, which suggests that personality features and emotional maladjustment are solely a negative consequence of vocal disability, was not supported. Personality variables and their behavioral consequences may therefore contribute to FD and VN. Results are presented within the context of a dispositional theory offered by Roy and Bless (2000a).

Psycho-Behavioral Characteristics of Children with Vocal Nodules

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginnie Green
Keyword(s):  
Problem Behavior ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Peer Relations ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Speech Pathology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Acting Out ◽  
Vocal Nodules

The parents of 30 children referred to speech pathology because of vocal nodules completed the Walker Problem Behavior Identification Checklist (WPBIC) on their children. These checklist responses were then compared to those from the parents of a matched, vocally normal, control group. The nodule children had significantly higher scores on the scales for acting out, distractibility, disturbed peer relations, and immature behaviors. The implications of these results for nodule formation and intervention are discussed.

The Voice Use Reduction Program

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita van der Merwe
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Voice Disorders ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Vocal Nodules ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Voice Use

The purpose of this article is to describe a structured behavior modification approach tothe reduction of voice use by clients with voice disorders. The Voice Use Reduction (VUR) Program is conceptualized as part of a comprehensive approach to the treatment of voice. The VUR Program provides guidelines for the classification of voice use situations, the assignment of voice use units to different situations, and the calculation of the maximum number of units per day and per week in a severe, moderate, and low voice use reduction program. Two case examples are described to illustrate the application of the VUR Program. The results of an evaluation of the VUR Program by 10 female students who presented with vocal nodules and applied the program also are included.

Impact of frequent premature ventricular contractions on pregnancy outcomes

Heart ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (16) ◽  
pp. 1370-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin Tong ◽  
Marla Kiess ◽  
Marc William Deyell ◽  
Michael Qiu ◽  
Merav Orgad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Premature Ventricular Contractions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 5

ObjectivesTo determine cardiac and fetal/neonatal event rates among pregnant women with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and compare with control groups.MethodsProspective case–control cohort study: 53 consecutive pregnancies in 49 women referred to the St. Paul’s Hospital between 2010 and 2016 with PVC burden >1% in women without underlying cardiac disease. Maternal cardiac and fetal/neonatal outcomes were compared with two pregnant control groups: (1) supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) group of 53 women referred for a history of SVT/SVT in the current pregnancy and (2) low-risk group of 53 women with no cardiac disease.ResultsThe maximal PVC burden was 9.2% (range 1.1%–58.7%). Six of 53 (11%) pregnancies were complicated by a maternal cardiac event: heart failure n=1 and sustained ventricular tachycardia requiring therapy n=5 as compared with no cardiac events in both control groups. All women with an adverse event had a PVC burden >5%. Seven (13%) pregnancies were complicated by an adverse fetal and/or neonatal event and this was similar to the normal control group (5 (9%), P=0.45) and significantly less than the SVT group (16 (30%), P=0.03). The adverse fetal event was driven by small for gestational age neonates and preterm delivery.ConclusionsIn our cohort of pregnant women with a structurally normal heart and ‘high’ PVC burden, we found an adverse maternal event rate of 11%, and all events were successfully managed with medical therapy. The rate of adverse fetal events in the PVC group was similar to the normal control group.

scholarly journals Neuropsychological Outcomes of U.S. Veterans with Report of Remote Blast-Related Concussion and Current Psychopathology

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 845-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel W. Nelson ◽  
James B. Hoelzle ◽  
Bridget M. Doane ◽  
Kathryn A. McGuire ◽  
Amanda G. Ferrier-Auerbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neuropsychological Performance ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Psychological Conditions ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Current Axis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Neuropsychological Outcomes

AbstractThis study explored whether remote blast-related MTBI and/or current Axis I psychopathology contribute to neuropsychological outcomes among OEF/OIF veterans with varied combat histories. OEF/OIF veterans underwent structured interviews to evaluate history of blast-related MTBI and psychopathology and were assigned to MTBI (n = 18), Axis I (n = 24), Co-morbid MTBI/Axis I (n = 34), or post-deployment control (n = 28) groups. A main effect for Axis I diagnosis on overall neuropsychological performance was identified (F(3,100) = 4.81; p = .004), with large effect sizes noted for the Axis I only (d = .98) and Co-morbid MTBI/Axis I (d = .95) groups relative to the control group. The latter groups demonstrated primary limitations on measures of learning/memory and processing speed. The MTBI only group demonstrated performances that were not significantly different from the remaining three groups. These findings suggest that a remote history of blast-related MTBI does not contribute to objective cognitive impairment in the late stage of injury. Impairments, when present, are subtle and most likely attributable to PTSD and other psychological conditions. Implications for clinical neuropsychologists and future research are discussed. (JINS, 2012, 18, 1–11)

scholarly journals Accuracy of Self-Reported Estimates of Daily Voice Use in Adults With Normal and Disordered Voices

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 634-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryush D. Mehta ◽  
Harold A. Cheyne ◽  
Asa Wehner ◽  
James T. Heaton ◽  
Robert E. Hillman
Keyword(s):  
Ambulatory Monitoring ◽  
Voice Disorders ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Voice Use

Purpose Accurate estimation of daily patterns of vocal behavior is essential to understanding the role of voice use in voice disorders. Given that clinicians currently rely on patient self-report to assess daily vocal behaviors, this study sought to assess the accuracy with which adults with and without voice disorders can estimate their amount of daily voice use in terms of phonation time. Method Eighteen subjects (6 patients, 6 matched members of a control group without voice disorders, 6 low voice users) wore the accelerometer-based Ambulatory Phonation Monitor (APM; model 3200, KayPENTAX, Montvale, NJ) for at least 5 workdays. Subjects were instructed to provide hourly self-reports of time spent talking using a visual analog scale. Spearman correlation coefficients and errors between self-reported and APM-based estimates of phonation time revealed subject- and group-specific characteristics. Results A majority of subjects exhibited a significant bias toward overestimating their phonation times, with an average absolute error of 113%. Correlation coefficients between self-reported and APM-based estimates of phonation time ranged from statistically nonsignificant to .91, reflecting large intersubject variability. Conclusions Subjects in all 3 groups were moderately accurate at estimating their hourly voice use, with a consistent bias toward overestimation. The results support the potential role that ambulatory monitoring could play in improving the clinical assessment of voice disorders.

Does Trauma Impair Self-Control? Differences in Delaying Gratification Between Former Indentured Child Laborers and Nontraumatized Controls

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1068-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keti Simmen-Janevska ◽  
Simon Forstmeier ◽  
Sandy Krammer ◽  
Andreas Maercker
Keyword(s):  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Delayed Gratification ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Traumatic experiences may affect an individual’s ability to exercise self-control, which is an essential characteristic for successfully managing life. As a measure of self-control, we used the delay discounting paradigm, that is, the extent to which a person devalues delayed gratification. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma and delay discounting using a control group design with elderly participants with a mean age of 76.2 years. Swiss former indentured child laborers (n = 103) who had been exposed to trauma during their childhood were compared with nontraumatized controls (n = 50). The trauma exposure group showed a considerably higher preference for immediate smaller rewards than the controls, indicating their lower self-control. A hierarchical regression analysis revealed that a history of abuse, current self-efficacy, and education were significantly associated with delay discounting. Implications for future research are discussed.

Effect of Teacher Training Sessions on Listener Perception of Voice Disorders

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. DeGregorio ◽  
Nancy Gross Polow
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
School System ◽  
Voice Disorders ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Bergen County ◽  
Experimental Group

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of teacher training sessions on listener perception of voice disorders. Three ASHA certified speech-language pathologists provided the criteria mean. Thirty randomly selected teachers from a Bergen County school system, randomly placed into two groups, served as subjects. The experimental group received three training sessions on consecutive weeks. Three weeks after the end of training, both groups were given a posttest. Listener perception scores were significantly higher for the experimental group. The implications of these results for in-service workshops, teacher/speech-language pathologist interaction and future research are discussed.

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