Item Context and /s/ Phone Articulation Test Results

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 852-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Zehel ◽  
Ralph L. Shelton ◽  
William B. Arndt ◽  
Virginia Wright ◽  
Mary Elbert
Keyword(s):  
Test Score ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Broad Context ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Production Task ◽  
Test Result

Fourteen children who misarticulated some phones of the /s/ phoneme were tape recorded articulating several lists of items involving /s/. The lists included the Mc-Donald Deep Test for /s/, three lists similar to McDonald’s but altered in broad context, and an /s/ sound production task. Scores from lists were correlated, compared for differences in means, or both. Item sets determined by immediate context were also compared for differences between means. All lists were found to be significantly correlated. The comparison of means indicated that both broad and immediate context were related to test result. The estimated “omega square” statistic was used to evaluate the percentage of test score variance attributable to context.

scholarly journals Selecting Applicants

Econometrica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 615-645
Author(s):  
Alex Frankel
Keyword(s):  
Test Score ◽  
Acceptance Rate ◽  
Soft Information ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hard Information ◽  
Rate Functions ◽  
Simple Implementation ◽  
Acceptance Rates ◽  
Test Result

A firm selects applicants to hire based on hard information, such as a test result, and soft information, such as a manager's evaluation of an interview. The contract that the firm offers to the manager can be thought of as a restriction on acceptance rates as a function of test results. I characterize optimal acceptance rate functions both when the firm knows the manager's mix of information and biases and when the firm is uncertain. These contracts may admit a simple implementation in which the manager can accept any set of applicants with a sufficiently high average test score.

scholarly journals Influenza colloidal gold method and blood routine tests combination for rapid diagnosis of influenza: a decision tree-based analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoguang Li ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Fei Lin ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tree Model ◽  
Routine Blood ◽  
Test Result

AbstractRapid influenza diagnosis can facilitate targeted treatment and reduce antibiotic misuse. However, diagnosis efficacy remains unclear. This study examined the efficacy of a colloidal gold rapid test for rapid influenza diagnosis. Clinical characteristics of 520 patients with influenza-like illness presenting at a fever outpatient clinic during two influenza seasons (2017–2018; 2018–2019) were evaluated. The clinical manifestations and results of routine blood, colloidal gold, and nucleic acid tests were used to construct a decision tree with three layers, nine nodes, and five terminal nodes. The combined positive predictive value of a positive colloidal gold test result and monocyte level within 10.95–12.55% was 88.2%. The combined negative predictive value of a negative colloidal gold test result and white blood cell count > 9.075 × 109/L was 84.9%. The decision-tree model showed the satisfactory accuracy of an early influenza diagnosis based on colloidal gold and routine blood test results.

Patient recommendations for content and design for electronic return of genetic test results: An interview study among patients who accessed their genetic test results online (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane M Korngiebel ◽  
Kathleen McGlone West
Keyword(s):  
Patient Preferences ◽  
Genetic Test ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Patient Portal ◽  
Genetic Test Result ◽  
Test Results ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Detailed Report ◽  
Genetic Test Results ◽  
Test Result

BACKGROUND Genetic test results will be increasingly made available electronically as more patient-facing tools are developed; however, little research has been done that collects patient preferences for content and design before creating results templates. OBJECTIVE This study identifies patient preferences for electronic return of genetic test results, including what considerations should be prioritized for content and design. METHODS Following User-Centered Design methods, 59 interviews were conducted using semi-structured protocols. The interviews explored content and design issues for patient portal results return for patients who received electronic results for specific types of genetic tests (pharmacogenomic, hereditary blood disorders, and positive and negative risk results for heritable cancers) or who had electronically received any type of genetic test result as well as a non-genetic test result. RESULTS In general, a majority of participants felt that there always needed to be some clinician involvement in electronic results return and that electronic coversheets with simple summaries would be helpful for facilitating that. Coversheet summaries could accompany, but not replace, the more detailed report. Participants had specific suggestions for those results summaries, such as only reporting the information that was most important for patients to understand, including next steps, and to do so using clear language free of medical jargon. Electronic results return should also include explicit encouragement for patients to contact providers with questions. Finally, many participants preferred to manage their care using their smartphones, particularly in instances where they needed to access health information on the go. CONCLUSIONS Participants recommended that a patient-friendly front section accompany the more detailed report and made suggestions for organization, content, and wording. Many used their smartphones regularly to access test results, therefore, health systems and patient portal software vendors should accommodate smartphone application design and web portal design concomitantly when developing results return platforms. CLINICALTRIAL N/A

Death and COVID-19 Anxiety in Home-Quarantined Individuals Aged 65 and Over During the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110598
Author(s):  
Hümeyra Aslaner ◽  
Betül Özen ◽  
Zeliha K. Erten ◽  
Mebrure Beyza Gökçek
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Pcr Test

Urgent measures were taken for those at the age of 65 and over who were at the risk group all over the world due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is known that many individuals at the age of 65 and over have experienced anxiety due to the uncertainties. This study aimed to determine the anxiety and death anxiety in individuals aged 65 and over who were isolation at home due to being diagnosed with COVID-19 or being in contact during the pandemic process. The study is descriptive and cross-sectional. It was performed with 656 home-quarantined individuals aged between 65–80 years with positive or negative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test result. A form including questions about the death anxiety and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale Short Form prepared by the researchers were administered to the individuals by phone call. Of the participants, 49.5% were male. Median COVID-19 anxiety score was 4 (0–18). Anxiety scores of the male and female participants were similar. Participants with negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results and those with death anxiety had higher COVID anxiety scores. Death anxiety has increased by 1.661 times in male gender, 1.983 times in RT-PCR positivity and 0.146 times in the presence of symptoms. Individuals with positive COVID-19 test results or those aged 65 and over who had death anxiety and negative COVID-19 test result but who were in home-isolation due to being a contact had higher anxiety score. For this reason, those with death anxiety can be supported in line with their religious beliefs to reduce anxiety. Those with negative PCR test results in quarantine can be adequately informed about the COVID-19.

Theoretical Calculation and Experimental Research on Sequential Turbocharging of a Marine Diesel Engine

2011 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 416-422
Author(s):  
Peng Qi Zhang ◽  
Qing Lin He ◽  
Yin Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Theoretical Calculation ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Marine Diesel Engine ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Test Result

The paper introduces the working principle of the sequential turbo-charging (STC) system of multi-turbocharger. To improve low-load performance and operating economy of the 234V12 diesel engine, a STC system of multi-turbocharger for the diesel engine was designed. Theoretical calculation and experimental research was done on this improved marine diesel engine. Then, a 3-phase STC system is presented by analyzing and comparing the test result and the switching boundary of this system is confirmed. The test results show that the low-load performance is improved obviously by use of multi-turbocharger STC system.

scholarly journals Uji Homogenitas dengan Sebaran Khi-Kuadrat dalam Evaluasi Suatu Sistem

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Iwa Sungkawa
Keyword(s):  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Voltage Fluctuations ◽  
Variance Test ◽  
Household Appliances ◽  
Similarity Test ◽  
Homogeneity Of Variance ◽  
Input Range ◽  
Test Result

This paper discusses the application of khi-square distribution in homogeneity of variance test on the control of a system used in a process considered normally spread with a mean of and a variance (degree of homogeneity) of . It is necessary to test the hypothesis statistically Ho: with the average μo value is unknown, and the statistic used is Khi-square distribution. On this occasion, an evaluation is executed upon a "Matsuyama" stabilizer (standard volt single phase (L)) to be used in Srengseng, Lenteng Agung, South Jakarta. Based on the test results of upon the variance with average standard voltage 220 volt, the electricity consumers in Srengseng are encouraged to use the stabilizer for household appliances that require voltage stability. By examining the voltage fluctuations at the location and stabilizer conditions (input range), the test result carried out through variance similarity test states that “Matsuyama” stabilizer is eligible and applicable in the area. 

scholarly journals PENGARUH POSISI KAS, RASIO UTANG TERHADAP EKUITAS,DAN POTENSI PERTUMBUHAN TERHADAP RASIO PEMBAGIAN DIVIDEN PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI

ETIKONOMI ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indayani Indayani ◽  
M Nur Yahya
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Multiple Linear Regressions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Dividend Payout ◽  
Equity Ratio ◽  
Linear Regressions ◽  
Test Result

The aim of this study is to determine and examine the influence of cash position, debt to equity ratio, and growth potential to the dividend payout ratio of companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). The analysis method of the data used to test the hypothesis is the multiple linear regressions. The test result showed that simultaneous cash position, debt to equity ratio, and growth potential did not significantly influence the dividend payout ratio at manufacturing companies listed on the BEI. The test results showed that only partially variable cash position that significantly influence the dividend payout ratio of companies listed on the Stock Exchange, while variable debt to equity ratio, and growth potential does not affect the dividend payout ratio of companies listed on the BEIDOI: 10.15408/etk.v12i1.1904

scholarly journals Performance Variance  Evaluation on  Mozilla Firefox

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jan Larres
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Technique ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Software Performance ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Reliable Detection ◽  
Mozilla Firefox ◽  
The One ◽  
Test Result

<p>In order to evaluate software performance and find regressions, many developers use automated performance tests. However, the test results often contain a certain amount of noise that is not caused by actual performance changes in the programs. They are instead caused by external factors like operating system decisions or unexpected non-determinisms inside the programs. This makes interpreting the test results hard since results that differ from previous results cannot easily be attributed to either genuine changes or noise. In this thesis we use Mozilla Firefox as an example to try to find the causes for this performance variance, develop ways to reduce the noise and present a statistical technique that makes identifying genuine performance changes more reliable. Our results show that a significant amount of noise is caused by memory randomization and other external factors, that there is variance in Firefox internals that does not seem to be correlated with test result variance, and that our suggested statistical forecasting technique can give more reliable detection of genuine performance changes than the one currently in use by Mozilla.</p>

scholarly journals A diagnostic test for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Sheridan ◽  
C Carter ◽  
JG Kelton
Keyword(s):  
High Specificity ◽  
Heparin Therapy ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Platelet Release ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Test Result

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia can be a serious and difficult-to- diagnose complication of heparin therapy. Serum from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia can cause heparin-dependent platelet aggregation, but the low sensitivity and specificity of this test limit its clinical usefulness. In this report we describe an assay for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia that is both sensitive and specific. The improvement in the assay was accomplished by measuring platelet release instead of aggregation and by measuring platelet release at two heparin concentrations. The rationale for the use of two heparin concentrations was that sera from patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia caused release at therapeutic but not at high concentrations of heparin. Twenty-eight sera samples from patients suspected of having heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and 573 controls were coded and tested in the assay. The patients with possible heparin- induced thrombocytopenia were ranked according to the likelihood of having this disorder by using prospectively defined criteria. The test had a high specificity (99%); only one of 573 controls showed a positive result. The test was also very sensitive, and the likelihood of a positive test result was directly correlated with the clinical likelihood of the patient having heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Six of six patients with definitive heparin-induced thrombocytopenia had positive test results, whereas zero of four patients in whom the diagnosis was unlikely had positive test results. The two-point test for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia represents a sensitive and specific test for this disorder. This test may be useful not only in confirming the diagnosis of this disorder but also may provide information about its pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Predictive Factors for Positive HIV Test Results in a Hospital Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulmaz Ghahramani ◽  
Hassan Joulaei ◽  
Amir Human Hoveidaei ◽  
Mohammad Reza Rajabi ◽  
Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Test Result

Background: Hospital admission for any reason provides the situation for voluntary HIV testing and consultation. Identifying the predictors of positivity may lead to a cost-effective method while enhancing professionalism. Objectives: To find the predictors of HIV-positive test result in a general hospital in Shiraz compared to a control group. Methods: In this case-control study, the records of all patients who received HIV testing upon their hospitalization in a general hospital in Shiraz, south of Iran, from January 2017 to the end of December 2017 were reviewed. For each HIV-positive case, at least one control from the same ward in the hospital with negative HIV test result was randomly selected. Based on the best-fitted model of logistic regression, the probability of positive HIV test results was estimated for each participant according to the risk factors, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn. Results: Out of 7333 persons who accepted to be tested, 77 patients tested positive for HIV, of whom 55 (71.4%) were male with the mean age of 41.5 ± 9.5 years. None of the HIV-positive patients were intravenous drug users, nor had they a history of imprisonment. The odds ratio (OR) was 21 for hepatitis-positive patients (hepatitis B and/or C) compared to negative ones, which was seven times higher in opium addicts than non-opium addicts. We developed a model using age, sex, opium addiction, and HBV and HCV status to predict the probability of being positive for HIV with an AUC of 0.853 (95% confidence interval 0.797 to 0.909). Conclusions: Hospital admission could be an appropriate momentum for providing voluntary counseling and testing. Infection with HBV and HCV are important risk factors for HIV infection, and additional testing should be offered, especially to these patients.

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