Influenza colloidal gold method and blood routine tests combination for rapid diagnosis of influenza: a decision tree-based analysis

AbstractRapid influenza diagnosis can facilitate targeted treatment and reduce antibiotic misuse. However, diagnosis efficacy remains unclear. This study examined the efficacy of a colloidal gold rapid test for rapid influenza diagnosis. Clinical characteristics of 520 patients with influenza-like illness presenting at a fever outpatient clinic during two influenza seasons (2017–2018; 2018–2019) were evaluated. The clinical manifestations and results of routine blood, colloidal gold, and nucleic acid tests were used to construct a decision tree with three layers, nine nodes, and five terminal nodes. The combined positive predictive value of a positive colloidal gold test result and monocyte level within 10.95–12.55% was 88.2%. The combined negative predictive value of a negative colloidal gold test result and white blood cell count > 9.075 × 109/L was 84.9%. The decision-tree model showed the satisfactory accuracy of an early influenza diagnosis based on colloidal gold and routine blood test results.

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Reanalysis and External Validation of a Decision Tree Model for Detecting Unrecognized Diabetes in Rural Chinese Individuals

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2017/3894870 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhong Xin ◽

Lin Hua ◽

Xu-Hong Wang ◽

Dong Zhao ◽

Cai-Guo Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Tree ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Early Stage ◽

Current Model ◽

External Validation ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Decision Tree Model ◽

Tree Model ◽

Chinese Adult ◽

Significant Difference

We reanalyzed previous data to develop a more simplified decision tree model as a screening tool for unrecognized diabetes, using basic information in Beijing community health records. Then, the model was validated in another rural town. Only three non-laboratory-based risk factors (age, BMI, and presence of hypertension) with fewer branches were used in the new model. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the curve (AUC) for detecting diabetes were calculated. The AUC values in internal and external validation groups were 0.708 and 0.629, respectively. Subjects with high risk of diabetes had significantly higher HOMA-IR, but no significant difference in HOMA-B was observed. This simple tool will help general practitioners and residents assess the risk of diabetes quickly and easily. This study also validates the strong associations of insulin resistance and early stage of diabetes, suggesting that more attention should be paid to the current model in rural Chinese adult populations.

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Repeated Testing Necessary: Assessing Negative Predictive Value of SARS-CoV-2 qPCR in a Population of Young Adults

10.1101/2021.03.10.21253292 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Elaine E. Thompson ◽

Joseph Rosenthal ◽

James Wren ◽

Erik Seetao ◽

Niels H. Olson

Keyword(s):

Negative Predictive Value ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Test Results ◽

Retrospective Evaluation ◽

Repeated Testing ◽

Aircraft Carrier ◽

Theodore Roosevelt ◽

Community Risk ◽

Community Risk Factors ◽

Test Result

AbstractDetermining when individuals should be released from quarantine is critical for successfully managing a COVID-19 outbreak and local protocols frequently call for testing during the quarantine period, generally after a reasonable incubation period, which raises a question about the interpretation of test results during the quarantine period. We report the negative predictive value of SARS-CoV-2 qPCR tests based on a retrospective longitudinal analysis of 5349 qPCR tests collected from 1227 US service members infected with COVID-19 aboard the USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71) aircraft carrier. In our retrospective evaluation of recovering qPCR-positive quarantined crew members undergoing repeated testing, the negative predictive value is 80% for tests occurring as late as seven weeks following an initial positive qPCR test result. Repeated qPCR testing is necessary to ensure that a once-infected person is no longer shedding viral RNA. When deciding the stringency of exit criteria, we recommend considering local operational and community risk factors.

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Evaluation of a Rapid Kit for Detection of IgM against Leptospira in Human

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2019/5763595 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohan Rao ◽

Fairuz Amran ◽

Nadia Aqilla

Keyword(s):

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Rapid Test ◽

Febrile Illness ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Confirmatory Test ◽

Standard Laboratory ◽

Test Efficiency ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Introduction. Leptospirosis is an acute febrile illness, known for its protean clinical manifestations and the challenge in differentiating from other infectious diseases. Standardized confirmatory test is antibody dependent and not accessible by the suburban community. This study measures efficiency of an immune-chromatographic assay, Leptocheck WB, in detecting acute leptospirosis. Methods. A total of 142 sera were used for kit evaluation. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated by comparing rapid kit results with gold standard laboratory, microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Results. We found this rapid kit to have a sensitivity and specificity of 66.6% and 78.9%, respectively, whereas the PPV and NPV of the kit appeared to be 73.3% and 73.2%, respectively. Discussion. Test efficiency of this rapid kit is reasonable. It is specific in detecting leptospiral antibody and assures clinician of accurate diagnosis by having higher PPV and NPV. It is prompt and efficient in comparison with conventional methods in assisting differential diagnosis. High sensitivity and specificity leptospirosis rapid test is indeed a crucial measure to assist the diagnosis of acute undifferentiated febrile illnesses.

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Based on a Decision Tree Model for Exploring the Risk Factors of Smartphone Addiction Among Children and Adolescents in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.652356 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Li Duan ◽

Juan He ◽

Min Li ◽

Jiali Dai ◽

Yurong Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Decision Tree ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Mainland China ◽

Decision Tree Model ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Tree Model

Background: Smartphone addiction has emerged as a major concern among children and adolescents over the past few decades and may be heightened by the outbreak of COVID-19, posing a threat to their physical and mental health. Then we aimed to develop a decision tree model as a screening tool for unrecognized smartphone addiction by conducting large sample investigation in mainland China.Methods: The data from cross-sectional investigation of smartphone addiction among children and adolescents in mainland China (n = 3,615) was used to build models of smartphone addiction by employing logistic regression, visualized nomogram, and decision tree analysis.Results: Smartphone addiction was found in 849 (23.5%) of the 3,615 respondents. According to the results of logistic regression, nomogram, and decision tree analyses, Internet addiction, hours spend on smartphone during the epidemic, levels of clinical anxiety symptoms, fear of physical injury, and sex were used in predictive model of smartphone addiction among children and adolescents. The C-index of the final adjusted model of logistic regression was 0.804. The classification accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and AUC area of decision tree for detecting smartphone addiction were 87.3, 71.4, 92.1, 73.5, 91.4, and 0.884, respectively.Conclusions: It was found that the incidence of smartphone addiction among children and adolescents is significant during the epidemic. The decision tree model can be used to screen smartphone addiction among them. Findings of the five risk factors will help researchers and parents assess the risk of smartphone addiction quickly and easily.

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Influence of influenza A virus in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective cohort study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-39932/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yuan Cheng ◽

Jing Ma ◽

He Wang ◽

Xi Wang ◽

Zhanwei Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza A Virus ◽

Influenza A ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Test Results ◽

Negative Group ◽

Younger Patients ◽

Positive Group ◽

Global Issue ◽

Male Patients ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background and objective: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is currently an urgent global issue, but we cannot ignore the impact of influenza A since there is an overlap of infection time and region and similar clinical manifestations and chest computed tomography (CT) images for influenza A and COVID-19 infections. We compared patients who had a COVID-19 infection and co-infection with the influenza A virus.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who met the inclusion criteria for this study.Results: There were 213 patients included in this study, of whom 106 were females and 107 were males, with a median age of 63 years. All patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 and were subsequently divided into influenza positive (n = 97) and influenza negative (n = 116) groups according to the serum test results for the influenza A IgM antibody. The two groups had similar symptoms, outcomes, CT manifestation and CT scores, except for lymphadenopathy (6.2% in the influenza positive group vs. 14.7% in the negative group, P = 0.047). However, in the subgroup analysis, male or younger patients (age <= 60 years) in the influenza negative group had higher CT scores than patients in the influenza positive group (P < 0.05).Conclusions: COVID-19 patients who had co-infection with the influenza A virus showed similar symptoms, outcomes, CT manifestation and CT scores to influenza negative patients. However, male patients and younger patients had higher CT scores in the influenza negative group.

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Peningkatan Kinerja AMG8833 sebagai Thermocam dengan Metode Regresi AdaBoost untuk Pelaksanaan Protokol COVID-19

Jurnal Elektro dan Telekomunikasi Terapan ◽

10.25124/jett.v8i1.3894 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 978

Author(s):

Aziz Nurul Iman ◽

Aji Gautama Putrada ◽

Sidik Prabowo ◽

Doan Perdana

Keyword(s):

Body Temperature ◽

Decision Tree ◽

General Purpose ◽

Test Results ◽

Thermal Camera ◽

Tree Model ◽

Temperature Detection ◽

Tree Models ◽

Haar Cascade ◽

Cascade Method

One way to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus is to check body temperature regularly. However, checking body temperature manually by directing the thermogun at someone's face is still often found. This study implements the use of the AMG8833 thermal camera to detect a person's body temperature without making any contact. The AMG8833 is a general-purpose temperature detection camera so to be used as a temperature meter, its accuracy needs to be improved by regression. The purpose of this research is to improve the performance of AMG833 as a thermal camera with AdaBoost regression. AdaBoost is a type of ensemble learning that uses several decision tree models. For face detection, the system uses the Haar Cascade method. The test results show that the decision tree model produces an R-Squared value of 0.93 and an RMSE of 0.21. Meanwhile, AdaBoost succeeded in improving the performance of the regression model with a higher R-Squared value and a lower RMSE value with values of 0.95 and 0.18, respectively.

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Simplified Decision-Tree Algorithm to Predict Falls for Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10215184 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (21) ◽

pp. 5184

Author(s):

Keitaro Makino ◽

Sangyoon Lee ◽

Seongryu Bae ◽

Ippei Chiba ◽

Kenji Harada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Decision Tree ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Decision Tree Model ◽

Decision Tree Algorithm ◽

Tree Model ◽

Tree Algorithm ◽

Fall Prediction ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

The present study developed a simplified decision-tree algorithm for fall prediction with easily measurable predictors using data from a longitudinal cohort study: 2520 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older participated. Fall history, age, sex, fear of falling, prescribed medication, knee osteoarthritis, lower limb pain, gait speed, and timed up and go test were assessed in the baseline survey as fall predictors. Moreover, recent falls were assessed in the follow-up survey. We created a fall-prediction algorithm using decision-tree analysis (C5.0) that included 14 nodes with six predictors, and the model could stratify the probabilities of fall incidence ranging from 30.4% to 71.9%. Additionally, the decision-tree model outperformed a logistic regression model with respect to the area under the curve (0.70 vs. 0.64), accuracy (0.65 vs. 0.62), sensitivity (0.62 vs. 0.50), positive predictive value (0.66 vs. 0.65), and negative predictive value (0.64 vs. 0.59). Our decision-tree model consists of common and easily measurable fall predictors, and its white-box algorithm can explain the reasons for risk stratification; therefore, it can be implemented in clinical practices. Our findings provide useful information for the early screening of fall risk and the promotion of timely strategies for fall prevention in community and clinical settings.

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Evaluation of the Xiamen AmonMed Biotechnology rapid diagnostic test COVID-19 IgM/IgG test kit (Colloidal gold)

European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology ◽

10.1556/1886.2020.00029 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 178-185

Author(s):

Anja Dörschug ◽

Julian Schwanbeck ◽

Andreas Hahn ◽

Anke Hillebrecht ◽

Sabine Blaschke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colloidal Gold ◽

Serological Test ◽

Rapid Test ◽

Test Results ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Time Period ◽

Test Kit ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Epstein Barr

AbstractIntroductionTo efficiently monitor the COVID-19 pandemic for surveillance purposes, reliable serological rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are desirable for settings where well-established high-throughput bench-top solutions are not available. Here, we have evaluated such an RDT.MethodsWe have assessed the Xiamen AmonMed Biotechnology COVID-19 IgM/IgG test kit (Colloidal gold) and the EUROIMMUN benchtop assay with serum samples from patients with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 disease. Samples from patients with Epstein-Barr-virus (EBV) infection and blood donors were used for specificity testing.ResultsFor the colloid gold rapid test and the EUROIMMUN assay, the study indicated overall sensitivity of 15.2% and 67.4%, respectively, while specificity of 99.0% and 97.9% with the blood donor sera, as well as 100% and 96.8% with the EBV-patients, were observed, respectively. An association of the time period between positive PCR results and serum acquisition with serological test positivity could be observed for the immunologlobulin G subclass of the EUROIMMUN assay only.ConclusionsIn spite of acceptable specificity of the assessed RDT, the detected poor sensitivity leaves room for improvement. The test results remain difficult to interpret and therefore the RDT can currently not be recommended for routine diagnostic or surveillance use.

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Item Context and /s/ Phone Articulation Test Results

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.1504.852 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 852-860 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Zoe Zehel ◽

Ralph L. Shelton ◽

William B. Arndt ◽

Virginia Wright ◽

Mary Elbert

Keyword(s):

Test Score ◽

Sound Production ◽

Broad Context ◽

Test Results ◽

Production Task ◽

Test Result

Fourteen children who misarticulated some phones of the /s/ phoneme were tape recorded articulating several lists of items involving /s/. The lists included the Mc-Donald Deep Test for /s/, three lists similar to McDonald’s but altered in broad context, and an /s/ sound production task. Scores from lists were correlated, compared for differences in means, or both. Item sets determined by immediate context were also compared for differences between means. All lists were found to be significantly correlated. The comparison of means indicated that both broad and immediate context were related to test result. The estimated “omega square” statistic was used to evaluate the percentage of test score variance attributable to context.

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Testing for resistance: Point-of-care testing as a communicational tool in antibiotic prescribing

Communication & Medicine ◽

10.1558/cam.32191 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 229-240

Author(s):

Johanna Lindell

Keyword(s):

Point Of Care ◽

Rapid Test ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Treatment Recommendation ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

Communicative Practices ◽

Effective Strategies ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Point Of Care Test ◽

Test Result

As antibiotic resistance becomes a growing health emergency, effective strategies are needed to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use. In this article, one such strategy – communicative practices associated with the C-reactive protein point-of care test – is investigated. Building on a collection of 31 videorecorded consultations from Danish primary care, and using conversation analysis, this study finds that the rapid test can be used throughout the consultation to incrementally build the case for a nonantibiotic treatment recommendation, both when the test result is forecast and reported. The study also finds that the format of reports of elevated results differs from that of ‘normal’ results, resulting in a subtle shift of authority from doctor to test.

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