A Comparison of the Effects of Hearing Impairment and Acoustic Filtering on Consonant Recognition

1981 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian E. Walden ◽  
Daniel M. Schwartz ◽  
Allen A. Montgomery ◽  
Robert A. Prosek
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Feature Recognition ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Consonant Recognition ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Acoustic Filtering ◽  
Error Probabilities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Phoneme Identification

The relationship between consonant recognition under conditions of acoustic filtering and hearing loss was studied in subjects with unilateral hearing impairments, Using a procedure involving suprathreshold loudness balance between ears, a spectrum shaper was used to match the (suprathreshold) audiometric configuration of the impaired ear. Consonant recognition data were obtained from the impaired ear and from the normal ear listening through the spectrum shaper. To the extent that consonant recognition was similar in the two ears, the effect of the patient's hearing impairment on phoneme identification could be related to the audiometric configuration. A comparison between consonant recognition scores for the impaired ears and for the ears listening through the spectrum shaper revealed large individual differences among subjects. Mean consonant recognition ability, however, was generally lower in the impaired ear. Although overall consonant recognition and the error probabilities for individual consonants tended to be different between ears, the patterns of feature recognition were quite similar.

scholarly journals COGNITIVE AND HEARING IMPAIRMENTS IN OLDER ADULTS: EVIDENCE FROM THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S77-S77
Author(s):  
Jessica S West ◽  
Scott Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Retirement Study ◽  
Over Time

Abstract As the number of older adults increases, increased prevalence of cognitive and sensory impairments pose growing public health challenges. Research on the relationship between hearing impairment and cognition, however, is minimal and has yielded mixed results, with some studies finding that hearing impairment is associated with cognitive decline, and others reporting that the association is weak or non-existent. Most of this research has been conducted outside of the U.S., and the few U.S.-based longitudinal studies have relied mostly on small, non-representative samples involving short follow-up periods. Further, despite known gendered patterns in cognitive and hearing impairments, no studies to date have examined whether the relationship between the two varies by gender. Our study addresses these weaknesses in the literature by utilizing nine waves of the Health and Retirement Study (1998-2014; n=14,169), a large, nationally representative, longitudinal study that facilitates examination of long-term interrelationships between hearing and cognitive impairments. In this study, we use autoregressive latent trajectory (ALT) methods to model: 1) the relationship between hearing impairment and cognitive decline, and 2) sex differences in the relationship. ALT models enable us to determine whether hearing impairment and cognitive impairment are associated, net of their common tendency simply to co-trend with age. Results indicate that hearing and cognitive impairments are strongly interrelated processes that trend together over time. Moreover, hearing impairment has an increasing impact on cognitive impairment across age while the effect of cognitive impairment on hearing impairment levels out over time. Sex differences in these patterns are discussed.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FORECASTING AND IDENTIFICATION OF MENTAL STATES AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING AND COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS OF CHILDREN WITH HEARING DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 314-334
Author(s):  
Anna I. Akhmetzyanova ◽  
T.V. Artemieva ◽  
L.V. Artischiva
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
The Relationship

Relevance. The ability of children with hearing impairments to recognize and determine their own conditions and those around them, to build adequate forecasts determines the success in socializing, in their interaction with others, both adults and peers, and in establishing relationships with them, which determines the relevance of the study. The objective of the study is to determine the specifics of the relationship between the processes of identifying mental states, predicting and criteria for the success of interaction between children and other people measured by communication skills and emotional well-being / distress. The following methods were used: “Emotional faces” (N.Y. Semago), “Ugadayka” (L.I. Peresleni and V.L. Podobed), “Methodology for determining the level of development of the communicative abilities of preschool children” (N.E. Veraksa), “Scale of emotional distress and atypical behavior” (A.M. Kazmin, N.A. Konovko, O.G. Salnikova, E.K. Tupitsina, E.V. Fedina). Sample. The study involved 15 preschoolers with hearing impairment , 100 preschoolers without hearing impairment, 16 children of primary school age with hearing impairment, and 40 - without hearing impairment. Results. It was found that the processes of predicting and identifying mental states are interrelated; the relationship is mediated by other variables (emotional well-being, communication skills), the structure of the relationship is deteriorating with age in children with and without hearing impairments. The following conclusions were drawn: the structure of prognosis for children with normotypical development and hearing impairment has a general tendency in dynamics ( secondary variables fallout) and specific signs, manifested in the level of complexity and completeness of the structure; having a common foundation (subjective experience) identification and forecasting processes are interconnected only in preschool age; with time their relationship is mediated by additional variables (emotional well-being and communication skills); children with hearing impairments have a less complex structure of the relationship between predicting and identifying mental states against emotional well-being and communication skills.

scholarly journals Personality features and internal picture of the defect in adolescents with different types of dysontogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 210-215
Author(s):  
Ul’yana Yu. Sevast’yanova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Speech Impairments ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Personality Features ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents the structure of the internal picture of a defect in adolescents with different variants of dysontogenesis (severe speech impairments, mental retardation, hearing impairment and visual impairment). A theoretical and empirical study was carried out, on the basis of which the features of the internal picture of the defect in adolescents with disabilities were revealed. A description of the personality specifics is given depending on the structure of the defect. A study carried out on 110 adolescents revealed that the existing personality traits of children with disabilities, such as sensitivity, rigidity, anxiety, emotiveness, are associated with the perception, consciousness and attitude of the child to its disorder, that is, with the internal picture of the defect. The study of the relationship between personality traits and the internal picture of a defect components of adolescents with disabilities showed that this mechanism acquires the greatest role in adolescents with hearing impairments in comparison with other nosological groups.

Relationships Between Subjective Ratings and Objective Measures of Performance in Speechreading Sentences

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 900-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn E. Demorest ◽  
Lynne E. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Performance Evaluations ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Objective Performance ◽  
Phonetic Distance ◽  
Stimulus Length ◽  
Measures Of Performance ◽  
Confidence Scale

Ninety-six participants with normal hearing and 63 with severe-to-profound hearing impairment viewed 100 CID Sentences (Davis & Silverman, 1970) and 100 B-E Sentences (Bernstein & Eberhardt, 1986b). Objective measures included words correct, phonemes correct, and visual-phonetic distance between the stimulus and response. Subjective ratings were made on a 7-point confidence scale. Magnitude of validity coefficients ranged from .34 to .76 across materials, measures, and groups. Participants with hearing impairment had higher levels of objective performance, higher subjective ratings, and higher validity coefficients, although there were large individual differences. Regression analyses revealed that subjective ratings are predictable from stimulus length, response length, and objective performance. The ability of speechreaders to make valid performance evaluations was interpreted in terms of contemporary word recognition models.

scholarly journals Vision and Hearing Impairments Affecting Activities of Daily Living among Malaysian Older Adults by Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6271
Author(s):  
Yee Mang Chan ◽  
Norhafizah Sahril ◽  
Ying Ying Chan ◽  
Nor’ Ain Ab Wahab ◽  
Norliza Shamsuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Adl Disability

Vision and hearing impairments are common among older adults and can cause undesirable health effects. There are limited studies from low- and middle-income countries exploring gender differences between vision and hearing impairment with Activities of Daily Living (ADL) disability. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate gender differences between vision and hearing impairments with ADL disability among older adults in Malaysia. Cross-sectional data from 3977 respondents aged 60 and above from the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey 2018 were used. We used logistic regression analysis to measure associations between vision and hearing impairments with ADL disability, adjusted for covariates. The prevalence of ADL disability was higher among females than males (p < 0.001). The adjusted associations between vision impairment and ADL disability were significant among males (aOR 3.79; 95%CI 2.26, 6.38) and females (aOR 2.66; 95%CI 1.36, 5.21). Similarly, significant adjusted associations were found between hearing impairment and ADL disability among males (aOR 5.76; 95%CI 3.52, 9.40) and females (aOR 3.30; 95%CI 1.17, 9.33). Vision and hearing impairments were significantly associated with ADL disability, with no gender differences identified. Early detection and effective management of vision and hearing impairments are important to prevent ADL disability and improve older adults’ level of independence.

scholarly journals Motivation and Physical Education Learning Achievement among Students with Hearing Impairment

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Alga Nugraha ◽  
Pamuji Sukoco ◽  
Aulia Annisa
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Physical Disorder ◽  
School Students ◽  
Motivation For Learning ◽  
The Relationship

Summary Playing is a pleasure for every child with no exception to the children who have physical disorder and their capability of motion is limited. Children with hearing impairment need appropriate motivation for learning and performing physical activities. This motivation affects also their Physical Education. For students with the hearing impairment, the materials that are supposed to be taught during the physical education lessons are divided according to the level of disability. Under these circumstances, the research is conducted to determine the relationship between the motivation to learn during the Physical Education lessons and the academic achievement among students with hearing impairment. Researchers used traditional Quantitative methods of research with 40 Junior High School students with hearing impairment from Indonesia, Sekolah Menengah Pertama Luar Biasa (SMPLB), category B. We used the questionnaire dealing with learning motivation of children to collect the data. The data were processed using the SPSS and analyzed by descriptive quantitative operations. Results of the study showed, that there is a relationship between learning motivation of Physical Education and learning outcomes of Physical Education among students of Category B SMPLB, where the value of 0,000 is less than 0.05.

Visual and Hearing Impairments and their Impact on the Mental Health of Adults with Intellectual Disability

2020 ◽  
pp. 247-264
Author(s):  
Reza Kiani ◽  
Sugato Bhaumik
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Raising Awareness

Visual and hearing impairments, congenital or acquired, are much more common in people with intellectual disability (ID) than the general population. These can be missed or diagnosed with delay if professionals rely just on the subjective reports by the families/care givers rather than objective screening and assessment. People with ID might be unable to complain about a visual or hearing impairment due to their communication difficulties. Therefore, diagnostic overshadowing might occur whereby these conditions might present with atypical signs and symptoms (e.g. loss of skills, isolation, and challenging behaviours) which could be attributed to dementia, depression, or other mental health problems. There has also been an overrepresentation of autistic-like features and autism spectrum disorder reported in people with visual and hearing impairment. Raising awareness of these comorbidities in people with ID will therefore facilitate early diagnosis and implementation of appropriate management strategies that can improve service provision for this vulnerable population.

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