The Influence of Painful Sunburns and Lifetime Sun Exposure on the Risk of Actinic Keratoses, Seborrheic Warts, Melanocytic Nevi, Atypical Nevi, and Skin Cancer

Background: Skin cancer incidence is rapidly increasing. The main risk factor, sun exposure, can be modified. Informational campaigns can be effective in raising skin cancer awareness and target the high-risk population. Still, sun exposure habits in people at high risk of skin cancer are not well-known. Objective: To investigate if and how sun exposure habits differ between low-risk and high-risk individuals. Methods: During the Swedish Euromelanoma campaign of 2018, questionnaires were collected containing information regarding sun exposure habits and risk factors for skin cancer. Data on 4,141 participants was used to investigate the association between risk factors and sun exposure habits. Results: A fair skin type and a previous history of skin cancer were significantly associated with enhanced sun protective behavior. Family history of skin cancer, childhood sunburns and the presence of large/atypical nevi had no effect on sun exposure habits. Going on sunny holidays were particularly unaffected by being at high risk of skin cancer. Conclusion: Individuals at high risk of developing skin cancer showed suboptimal sun exposure habits and harmful traveling behaviors. We suggest that future skin cancer campaigns inform on accurate sun protection behavior during sunny holidays and associated risk factors. Risk factors such as childhood sunburns, numerous common and large/atypical nevi, as well as family history of skin cancer seem to be less recognized by the population.

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Critical effects of intense sun exposure on the expression of epiluminescence microscopy features of acquired melanocytic nevi

Archives of Dermatology ◽

10.1001/archderm.133.8.979 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 133 (8) ◽

pp. 979-982 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

I. Stanganelli

Keyword(s):

Sun Exposure ◽

Melanocytic Nevi

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A qualitative exploration of parental perceptions regarding children’s sun exposure, sun protection, and sunburn

10.31234/osf.io/f8brk ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Karlijn Thoonen ◽

Liesbeth van Osch ◽

Rowan Drittij ◽

Hein de Vries ◽

Francine Schneider

Keyword(s):

Skin Cancer ◽

Sun Exposure ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Sun Protection ◽

Parental Perceptions ◽

Skin Cancer Prevention ◽

Protection Measure ◽

Sun Safety ◽

Protection Measures ◽

Lack Of Knowledge

Sun protection among children is of utmost importance since sunburn in early life is a major risk factor for skin cancer development. Because parents play a vital role in enhancing sun safety among children, this study explored parental perceptions concerning sun exposure, sun protection behaviors, and sunburn in children. Additionally, the context in which children experience sunburn in order to assist the development, optimization, and targeting of sun safety interventions for parents is revealed.A qualitative study design, using a semi-structured interview guide addressing several themes (e.g. sun exposure, sun protection, and sunburn experiences), was used. Data were collected in the Netherlands in the fall of 2019. Parents were recruited via purposive sampling at schools, youth services centers, and social media. In total, 26 interviews were performed. Execution, transcription, and coding of the interviews was done by two researchers, using the qualitative analyzing program Nvivo (interrater reliability of d =.84). Comprehensive findings concerning various themes were retrieved. It was found that sunburn was frequently prevalent among children, even though all parents reported using at least one sun protection measure. Parents were often unaware of their child’s sunburn and its severity. Regarding sun protection measures, parents demonstrated an overreliance on sunscreen, often failing to adequately protect their children’s skin. Water-related activities, a lack of shade, and lack of knowledge regarding UV-index were often related to sunburn. Moreover, unexpected sun exposure or longer exposure duration than initially planned were reported as challenging situations. The majority of parents had positive perceptions regarding tanned skin for both themselves as for children.This study provides directions for future skin cancer prevention efforts targeted at both parents and their children. Since a lack of knowledge regarding sufficient sun protection measures and sunburn occurrence in various situations was reported, educational efforts are warranted. Additionally, focusing on clothing, shade-seeking, and adequate sunscreen use is recommended to increase children’s sun safety. By intervening in the physical environment as well (e.g. providing shady areas), sun protection barriers can be reduced. Lastly, the general positive attitude toward tanned skin evident in this study is certainly worthy of attention in future interventions.

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Identification of socio-cognitive determinants of parental sun protection behaviors to optimize intervention development

10.31234/osf.io/yuqzd ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Karlijn Thoonen ◽

Liesbeth van Osch ◽

Rik Crutzen ◽

Hein de Vries ◽

Francine Schneider

Keyword(s):

Skin Cancer ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Sun Exposure ◽

Action Planning ◽

Later Life ◽

Sun Protection ◽

Survey Study ◽

Skin Cancer Prevention ◽

Sun Safety ◽

Cognitive Determinants

Background: Adequate sun safety during childhood is crucial for decreasing skin cancer risk in later life. Although parents are an essential target group in applying sun protection measures for their children, interventions are often not directed at parents. This study identifies the most relevant determinants in predicting parental sun protection intentions and behaviors to provide guidance for future intervention development.Methods: A longitudinal survey study with two measurements was conducted among Dutch parents (N=670) of children (4-12 years old). Twenty-seven socio-cognitive determinants were examined in terms of relevance regarding four parental sun protection behaviors in different sun exposure situations. The CIBER approach was used to visualize room for improvement (sample means) on all determinants and their association strengths (correlations) with sun protection intentions and behaviors.Results: Behavior-specific rather than generic determinants were most relevant in explaining all sun protection behaviors. Of these determinants, attitude, self-efficacy and action planning, and especially parental feelings of difficulty in performing sun protection behaviors, were most relevant. Altogether, the explained variance of all socio-cognitive determinants was highest for shade-seeking behavior (R2= .41 and .43) and lowest for supportive behavior (R2=.19 and .29) in both planned and incidental sun exposure situations respectively.Discussion: This study provides detailed insight into relevant socio-cognitive determinants of parental sun protection behaviors in various sun exposure situations. This insight provides guidance for composing parental skin cancer prevention interventions. Future composition of sun safety interventions should emphasize on enhancing parental feelings of self-efficacy, especially for shade-seeking and clothing behaviors.

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Novas Considerações sobre a Fotoproteção no Brasil: Revisão de Literatura/New Considerations on the Photoprotection in Brazil: Literature Review

REVISTA CIÊNCIAS EM SAÚDE ◽

10.21876/rcsfmit.v5i3.375 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 80-96

Author(s):

Mayara Motta Melo ◽

Clarissa Santos de Carvalho Ribeiro

Keyword(s):

Skin Cancer ◽

Solar Radiation ◽

Literature Review ◽

Sun Exposure ◽

International Consensus ◽

De Se ◽

Literature Reviews ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Harmful Effects

RESUMOA incidência do câncer de pele vem aumentando a cada ano. Sabe-se que entre outros fatores, a radiação solar é a principal responsável pelo desenvolvimento dessa patologia. A prevenção, feita através da fotoproteção, teria grande impacto nesse cenário. No entanto, as orientações sobre como se proteger dos malefícios do sol devem ser coerentes com a incidência solar da região, os hábitos da população e o fototipo da pele. Os conceitos sobre fotoproteção foram definidos por entidades européias e norte americanas e não devem ser reproduzidos para o Brasil de forma aleatória, pois a incidência solar no Brasil é muito maior, a população tem fototipos diferentes e o hábito de se expor ao sol é muito mais frequente. Portanto, faz-se necessário elaborar conceitos próprios para o Brasil e conscientizar a população sobre os perigos da radiação solar para que a incidência do câncer de pele reduza definitivamente. Essa revisão visa mostrar a relação da radiação solar no Brasil com a pele dos brasileiros e evidenciar a importância da fotoproteção para essa população. Para isso foi feito um levantamento de artigos originais, revisões de literatura, consensos brasileiros e internacionais e livros de dermatologia.Palavras-chave: Fotoproteção, Câncer de pele, Exposição solar, Radiação ultravioleta, Vitamina D. ABSTRACTThe incidence of skin cancer is increasing every year. It is known that among other factors, solar radiation is the main responsible for the development of this pathology. Prevention, made by photoprotection, would have great impact in this scenario. However, the guidelines on how to protect themselves from the sun's harmful effects should be consistent with the sunlight of the region, the habits of the population and the phototype skin. The concepts of photoprotection were defined by European and North American entities and should not be played for Brazil at random, as the solar incidence in Brazil is much higher, people have different skin types and the habit of sun exposure is much more frequent. Therefore, it is necessary to draw up own concepts for Brazil and raise awareness about the dangers of solar radiation, so that the incidence of skin cancer can be definitely reduced. This review aims to show the relationship of solar radiation in Brazil with the skin of Brazilian and to highlight the importance of sun protection for this population. With this purpose, it was made a survey of original articles, literature reviews , Brazilian and international consensus and dermatology books.Keywords: Photoprotection, Skin cancer, Sun exposure, Ultraviolet radiation, D vitamin.

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Hugh Jackman vs. Skin Cancer Awareness Month: Promoting Public Interest in Basal Cell Carcinoma (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.17965 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Trevor Torgerson ◽

Jennifer Austin ◽

Jam Khojasteh ◽

Matt Vassar

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Skin Cancer ◽

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Moving Average ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Sun Exposure ◽

Cancer Awareness ◽

Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average

BACKGROUND Public awareness for BCC is particularly important, as its major risk factors — increased sun exposure and number of sunburns — are largely preventable. OBJECTIVE Determine whether social media posts from celebrities has an affect on public awareness of basal cell carcinoma. METHODS We used Google Trends to investigate whether public awareness for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) increased following social media posts from Hugh Jackman. To forecast the expected search interest for BCC, melanoma and sunscreen in the event that each celebrity had not posted on social media, we used the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) algorithm. RESULTS We found that social media posts from Hugh Jackman, a well-known actor, increased relative search interest above the expected search interest calculated using an ARIMA forecasting model. CONCLUSIONS Our results also suggest that increasing awareness by Skin Cancer Awareness Month may be less effective for BCC, but a celebrity spokesperson has the potential to increase awareness. BCC is largely preventable, so increasing awareness could lead to a decrease in incidence.

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Identification of Relevant Sociocognitive Determinants Explaining Multiple Parental Sun Protection Behaviors

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/10901981211010434 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 109019812110104

Author(s):

Karlijn Thoonen ◽

Liesbeth van Osch ◽

Rik Crutzen ◽

Hein de Vries ◽

Francine Schneider

Keyword(s):

Skin Cancer ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Sun Exposure ◽

Later Life ◽

Sun Protection ◽

Survey Study ◽

Skin Cancer Prevention ◽

Sun Safety ◽

And Behaviors ◽

Insight Into

Background Adequate sun safety during childhood is crucial for decreasing skin cancer risk in later life. Although parents are an essential target group in applying sun protection measures for their children, insight into the determinants associated with their sun protection behaviors is limited. Aims This study aims to identify the most relevant determinants in predicting multiple parental sun protection intentions and behaviors in different sun exposure situations. Method A longitudinal survey study with two measurements was conducted among Dutch parents ( N = 670) of children (4–12 years old). Twenty-seven sociocognitive determinants were examined in terms of relevance regarding four parental sun protection behaviors in different sun exposure situations. The Confidence Interval-Based Estimation of Relevance approach was used to visualize room for improvement (sample means) on all determinants and their association strengths (correlations) with sun protection intentions and behaviors. Results Behavior-specific rather than generic determinants were most relevant in explaining all sun protection behaviors. Of these determinants, attitude, self-efficacy and action planning, and especially parental feelings of difficulty in performing sun protection behaviors, were most relevant. Altogether, the explained variance of all sociocognitive determinants was highest for shade-seeking behavior ( R2 = .41 and .43) and lowest for supportive behavior ( R2 = .19 and .29) in both planned and incidental sun exposure situations, respectively. Discussion This study provides detailed insight into relevant sociocognitive determinants of parental sun protection behaviors in various sun exposure situations and directions for composing parental skin cancer prevention interventions. Conclusions Future composition of sun safety interventions should emphasize on enhancing parental feelings of self-efficacy, especially for shade-seeking and clothing behaviors.

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Melanocytic Nevi and Sun Exposure in a Cohort of Colorado Children: Anatomic Distribution and Site-Specific Sunburn

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention ◽

10.1158/1055-9965.epi-07-0453 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 16 (10) ◽

pp. 2136-2143 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Athena T. Dodd ◽

Joseph Morelli ◽

Stefan T. Mokrohisky ◽

Nancy Asdigian ◽

Tim E. Byers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sun Exposure ◽

Site Specific ◽

Melanocytic Nevi ◽

Anatomic Distribution

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Testing Wearable UV Sensors to Improve Sun Protection in Young Adults at an Outdoor Festival: Field Study

JMIR mhealth and uhealth ◽

10.2196/21243 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. e21243

Author(s):

Caitlin Horsham ◽

Jodie Antrobus ◽

Catherine M Olsen ◽

Helen Ford ◽

David Abernethy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Cancer ◽

Field Study ◽

Sun Exposure ◽

Sun Protection ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

The Body ◽

Childhood And Adolescence ◽

Uv Sensor ◽

Sunscreen Use ◽

Uv Sensors

Background Australia and New Zealand have the highest skin cancer incidence rates worldwide, and sun exposure is the main risk factor for developing skin cancer. Sun exposure during childhood and adolescence is a critical factor in developing skin cancer later in life. Objective This study aims to test the effectiveness of wearable UV sensors to increase sun protection habits (SPH) and prevent sunburn in adolescents. Methods During the weeklong school leavers outdoor festival (November 2019) at the Gold Coast, Australia, registered attendees aged 15-19 years were recruited into the field study. Participants were provided with a wearable UV sensor and free sunscreen. The primary outcome was sun exposure practices using the SPH index. Secondary outcomes were self-reported sunburns, sunscreen use, and satisfaction with the wearable UV sensor. Results A total of 663 participants were enrolled in the study, and complete data were available for 188 participants (188/663, 28.4% response rate). Participants provided with a wearable UV sensor significantly improved their use of sunglasses (P=.004) and sunscreen use both on the face (P<.001) and on other parts of the body (P=.005). However, the use of long-sleeve shirts (P<.001) and the use of a hat (P<.001) decreased. During the study period, 31.4% (59/188) of the participants reported receiving one or more sunburns. Satisfaction with the wearable UV sensor was high, with 73.4% (138/188) of participants reporting the UV sensor was helpful to remind them to use sun protection. Conclusions Devices that target health behaviors when outdoors, such as wearable UV sensors, may improve use of sunscreen and sunglasses in adolescents.

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