Water Temperature Changes

1999 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
Rhoda S. Narins
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes

scholarly journals Comparison of Invasive Apple Snail (Pomacea canaliculata) Behaviors in Different Water Temperature Gradients

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Mi-Jung Bae ◽  
Eui-Jin Kim ◽  
Young-Seuk Park
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Apple Snail ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Organic Farming Systems

Pomacea canaliculata (known as invasive apple snail) is a freshwater snail native to South America that was introduced into many countries (including Asia and North America) as a food source or for organic farming systems. However, it has invaded freshwater ecosystems and become a serious agricultural pest in paddy fields. Water temperature is an important factor determining behavior and successful establishment in new areas. We examined the behavioral responses of P. canaliculata with water temperature changes from 25 °C to 30 °C, 20 °C, and 15 °C by quantifying changes in nine behaviors. At the acclimated temperature (25 °C), the mobility of P. canaliculata was low during the day, but high at night. Clinging behavior increased as the water temperature decreased from 25 °C to 20 °C or 15 °C. Conversely, ventilation and food consumption increased when the water temperature increased from 25 °C to 30 °C. A self-organizing map (an unsupervised artificial neural network) was used to classify the behavioral patterns into seven clusters at different water temperatures. These results suggest that the activity levels or certain behaviors of P. canaliculata vary with the water temperature conditions. Understanding the thermal biology of P. canaliculata may be crucial for managing this invasive snail.

The water temperature changes the effect of pH on copper toxicity to the green microalgae Raphidocelis subcapitata

Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 133110
Author(s):  
Gissela Pascual ◽  
Daisuke Sano ◽  
Takashi Sakamaki ◽  
Michihiro Akiba ◽  
Osamu Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Green Microalgae ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Raphidocelis Subcapitata

scholarly journals Linking groundwater – surface water exchange to food production and salmonid growth

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1650-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine H. Mejia ◽  
Colden V. Baxter ◽  
Eric K. Berntsen ◽  
Alexander K. Fremier
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Resource Subsidies ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Energetic Condition ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

Materials, energy, and organisms from groundwater serve as resource subsidies to lotic systems. These subsidies influence food production and post-emergent fish growth and condition through nutrient inputs and water temperature changes. To test whether post-emergent fish grew faster in gaining sites, we grew hatchery post-emergent salmon in enclosures, sampled periphyton, benthic invertebrates, and wild salmon, and modeled fish growth across a gradient of groundwater – surface water exchange. Fish grew almost twice as fast in gaining (2.7%·day−1) than in losing (1.5%·day−1) sites. Fish from transient sites grew as much as gaining sites, but their condition was significantly lower (18.3% vs. 20.7%). Results suggest that groundwater – surface water exchange affects fish growth and energetic condition through direct and indirect pathways. Elevated nitrogen concentrations and consistently warmer water temperature in gaining sites have a strong effect on basal production with subsequent effects on invertebrate biomass, fish growth, and condition. Findings highlight the importance of groundwater – surface water exchange as a subsidy to rearing salmon and may inform strategies for restoring fish rearing habitat.

Closed Cooling Water Heat Exchanger Design for Higher Tube Inlet Water Temperature

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Muldoon ◽  
Joseph A. Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Cooling Water Temperature ◽  
Heat Exchanger Design ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Service Water ◽  
Winter Operation

When the maximum temperature of cooling water slowly increases with temperature changes and shifting climate patterns, smaller LMTD’s (log mean temperature differences) for the CCW’s to meet the same performance heat rejection. Making the issue more critical is that the peak cooling water temperatures will usually occur at the same time as peak summer load demand. A smaller LMTD means a larger heat exchanger and more effective tubing surface area. More surface, means more tubing or smaller diameter tubing. If the original LMTD was 12 °F, a 1 degree change may mean an increase of 9%. To maintain the same nozzle locations on a replacement exchanger means a smaller tube outside diameter and/or a larger shell. Such increases are necessary for the high summer load conditions with the highest inlet water temperatures. At lower water temperatures, the amount of excess thermal capability can become a performance and corrosion issue as the water flows are modulated to meet temperatures. To help reduce these problems, a design which allows operation with reduced surface at low temperatures is appropriate. The temperature approach (Cooling Water Out – Service Water In) based on the higher inlet cooling water temperature can be significantly smaller than when the CCW was originally designed. This paper will address a design configuration that will work with both higher summer temperature cooling water with the flexibility of using less water for cooler winter operation. The overall affect is less pumping power during colder months, more consistent tube velocities which will help with heat transfer, and minimization of sediment settling in the tubes due to lower velocities.

scholarly journals Investigations of hot water temperature changes at the pipe outflow

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 00186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Wojtkowiak ◽  
Czesław Oleśkowicz-Popiel
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Temperature Changes

scholarly journals Thermal characterisation of Lake Morskie Oko water in 2007 based on measurements by a gradient thermal probe

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Choiński
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Surface Water Temperature ◽  
Thermal Probe ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Amplitude

Thermal characterisation of Lake Morskie Oko water in 2007 based on measurements by a gradient thermal probeThe study was undertaken to illustrate a wide range of application of a gradient thermal probe in thermal characterisation of water reservoirs on the example of Lake Morskie Oko whose water temperature has been measured since 2006. For analysis, the data collected in 2007 were chosen because of the least missing data; in this year only the data from 13 days were not recorded. The data permitted analysis of changes in daily mean temperatures of water at particular depths, with the daily means calculated as arithmetic means from 144 measurements made at every 10 minutes. The daily amplitudes of temperatures at particular depths and mean daily amplitudes for particular months were determined, which permitted an assessment of the scale of the temperature amplitude damping with increasing depth. High frequency of temperature reading permitted detection of short-duration anomalies, taking place e.g. over a time span of 10 minutes, or their vertical extent. It has been established that measurement at 2 a.m. is the optimum for determination of the annual mean temperature. The time moments at which the minimum and maximum temperatures are recorded within a day at the surface were identified. Different variants of temporary jump changes in the surface water temperature within the day were analysed. The dynamics of temperature changes from the surface to the bottom of the lake was discussed.

scholarly journals Transmit the heat of rivers to surface seawater

2021 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Dongfang Yang ◽  
Linzhen Wei ◽  
Ming Feng ◽  
Shengjun Zhang ◽  
Danfeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Jiaozhou Bay ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Interval Length ◽  
Surface Seawater ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperature Area

Based on the survey materials of the waters of Jiaozhou Bay in April and August 1981, this article studies the water temperature and horizontal distribution in the surface waters of Jiaozhou Bay. The results have showed that the water temperature ranged within 7.52–30.90°C in April and August, and the length of interval of water temperature was 23.38°C. The water temperature of the ocean was above 7.00°C. It indicated that the water temperature of the entire water body of Jiaozhou Bay was relatively high in April and August, in terms of the changes of water temperature. In April, the water temperature in the water body of Jiaozhou Bay ranged within 7.52–13.70°C, and the length of temperature interval was 6.18°C. In Jiaozhou Bay, from the northeastern coastal waters along the northern coastal waters to the northwestern coastal waters, the range of water temperature changes was 12.82–13.70°C, and the interval length of seawater temperature changes was 0.88°C. From the northern area to the southern area, the range of water temperature changes was 7.52–13.70°C, and the interval length of seawater temperature was 6.18°C. In August, the range of water temperature changes was 24.60–30.90°C, and the interval length of seawater temperature was 6.30°C. In the eastern area of Jiaozhou Bay, the water temperature in the coastal waters of the estuary of Jiaozhou Bay was 30.90°C, forming a high temperature area. In the coastal waters of Jiaozhou Bay from the northwest to the north, the range of water temperature changes was 27.32–27.37°C and the interval length of seawater temperature was 0.05°C. In April and August, the increase of water temperature in the coastal waters from the northeast along the north to the northwest of Jiaozhou Bay was mainly caused by the shortwave radiation from the sun and sky and the longwave radiation from the atmosphere which continuously offered heat to the seawater. In April, it formed a circular water area with low temperature centered with the central water area of Jiaozhou Bay, whose water temperature ranged within 7.52–8.51°C. Thus, there was no heat source to provide heat to the central waters of Jiaozhou Bay, resulting a loop-locked low water temperature area in the center of the bay. In August, in the eastern part of Jiaozhou Bay, that is, the coastal waters in the estuary of Haibo River, the water temperature reached a relatively high value, 30.90°C. The source of the increase in water temperature was the transportation of heat from Haibo River, which transferred the heat of the river to the surface seawater.

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