scholarly journals Transmit the heat of rivers to surface seawater

2021 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Dongfang Yang ◽  
Linzhen Wei ◽  
Ming Feng ◽  
Shengjun Zhang ◽  
Danfeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Jiaozhou Bay ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Interval Length ◽  
Surface Seawater ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperature Area

Based on the survey materials of the waters of Jiaozhou Bay in April and August 1981, this article studies the water temperature and horizontal distribution in the surface waters of Jiaozhou Bay. The results have showed that the water temperature ranged within 7.52–30.90°C in April and August, and the length of interval of water temperature was 23.38°C. The water temperature of the ocean was above 7.00°C. It indicated that the water temperature of the entire water body of Jiaozhou Bay was relatively high in April and August, in terms of the changes of water temperature. In April, the water temperature in the water body of Jiaozhou Bay ranged within 7.52–13.70°C, and the length of temperature interval was 6.18°C. In Jiaozhou Bay, from the northeastern coastal waters along the northern coastal waters to the northwestern coastal waters, the range of water temperature changes was 12.82–13.70°C, and the interval length of seawater temperature changes was 0.88°C. From the northern area to the southern area, the range of water temperature changes was 7.52–13.70°C, and the interval length of seawater temperature was 6.18°C. In August, the range of water temperature changes was 24.60–30.90°C, and the interval length of seawater temperature was 6.30°C. In the eastern area of Jiaozhou Bay, the water temperature in the coastal waters of the estuary of Jiaozhou Bay was 30.90°C, forming a high temperature area. In the coastal waters of Jiaozhou Bay from the northwest to the north, the range of water temperature changes was 27.32–27.37°C and the interval length of seawater temperature was 0.05°C. In April and August, the increase of water temperature in the coastal waters from the northeast along the north to the northwest of Jiaozhou Bay was mainly caused by the shortwave radiation from the sun and sky and the longwave radiation from the atmosphere which continuously offered heat to the seawater. In April, it formed a circular water area with low temperature centered with the central water area of Jiaozhou Bay, whose water temperature ranged within 7.52–8.51°C. Thus, there was no heat source to provide heat to the central waters of Jiaozhou Bay, resulting a loop-locked low water temperature area in the center of the bay. In August, in the eastern part of Jiaozhou Bay, that is, the coastal waters in the estuary of Haibo River, the water temperature reached a relatively high value, 30.90°C. The source of the increase in water temperature was the transportation of heat from Haibo River, which transferred the heat of the river to the surface seawater.

scholarly journals Low Cd content emitted by humans into the atmosphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Dongfang Yang ◽  
Linzhen Wei ◽  
Shubo Fang ◽  
Min Lu ◽  
Danfeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Jiaozhou Bay ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Variation Range

According to the data in May, September and October 1993, the variation range of Cd content in the water body of Jiaozhou Bay was 0.07-0.23μg/L, which conforms to the national water quality standard of Class I. It indicated that in May, September and October, the water in the entire water area of Jiaozhou Bay was not contaminated by Cd content. In May, the variation range of Cd content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay was 0.09-0.18μg/L. In the coastal waters of the north of Jiaozhou Bay, the Cd content reached a relatively high value, which was 0.18μg/L. In September, the variation range of Cd content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay was 0.07-0.23μg/L. In the coastal waters of the east of Jiaozhou Bay, the Cd content reached the highest value, 0.23μg/L. In October, the variation range of Cd content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay was 0.08-0.18μg/L. In the coastal waters of the east of Jiaozhou Bay, the Cd content reached a relative high value, 0.18μg/L. In terms of Cd content, the water quality of Jiaozhou Bay had reached high quality. The water was clean, and it was not polluted by Cd content at all. The Cd content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay mainly came from two sources, the transport of surface runoff and the transport of atmospheric deposition. The Cd content from surface runoff transportation was 0.18μg/L, and the Cd content from atmospheric deposition transportation was 0.18-0.23μg/L. The Cd content transported by atmospheric deposition was very close to the Cd content transported by surface runoff, and was very low, ranging from 0.18 to 0.23μg/L, far less than 1.00 μg/L. This revealed that the humans had realized the importance of environmental protection, and the emissions to the environment were very low. The atmosphere, land and sea were not polluted by Cd content. The Cd content transported by atmospheric deposition 0.18-0.23μg/L ≥ the Cd content transported by surface runoff 0.18μg/L, which indicated that the Cd content was mainly discharged into the atmosphere by humans and then deposited on the land.

scholarly journals The Monthly Variation Process of Water Temperature in Jiaozhou Bay

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 06015
Author(s):  
Dongfang Yang ◽  
Haoyuan Ren ◽  
Dong Yang ◽  
Longlei Zhang ◽  
Haixia Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Jiaozhou Bay ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Interval Length ◽  
Monthly Variation ◽  
High Water Temperature ◽  
Water Field ◽  
Variation Process ◽  
Peak Value

According to the investigation materials in the water field of Jiaozhou Bay from May to October 1980, this paper studies the water temperature of Jiaozhou Bay and the monthly variation. The results show that in each monthfrom May to October, the water temperature varies from 10.80 to 26.53 °C in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay, and the interval length of water temperature is 15.73 °C. This paper determines the changing curve of the high or low value of the water temperature ateach month and establishes the corresponding simulation equation.The high water temperature reaches a maximum of 26.53 °C in August, and the low water temperature reaches a maximum of 24.69 °C in August. In the water bodies of Jiaozhou Bay, the high or low water temperature both reaches its highest value in August. In June, the increasing rate of peak value in water temperature is the fastest, and the increasing rate of low value in water temperature is relatively fast. In October, the decreasing rate of the peak water temperature is relatively fast, and decreasing rateof the lowest value in water temperature is the fastest. From May to August, the high (low) water temperature is on the rise in Jiaozhou Bay. The high water temperature appears in the western waters of the top of bay and the western waters inside of bay mouth. The low water temperature appears in the eastern and southern waters outside of bay mouth. In September and October, the high (low) water temperature in the Jiaozhou Bay water bodies is decreasing. The high water temperature appears in the eastern and southern waters outside of bay mouth, and the low water temperature appears in the western waters of the bayhead.

scholarly journals Spatial-temporal variability of algal bloom in the Dnipro Reservoirs

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Viktor Vyshnevskyi
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Algal Bloom ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Water Colour ◽  
Small Water ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Water ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Using the remote sensing data, first of all, the data of Terra and Aqua satellites, the spatial-temporal patterns of algal bloom in the Dnipro Reservoirs were established. The greatest growth of algae is observed in the Kremenchuts’ke, the smallest — in the Kyivske reservoirs. The reasons for these patterns are formulated. In particular, the growth of algae in the Kyivske Reservoir, primarily in its northern part, is restricted with the significant water colour, the inflow of solid runoff and the relatively low water temperature. A smallest algal bloom during 2013–2018 was observed in 2013. It was caused with a rather large water runoff of the Dnipro River and with significant water colour as well. In addition, the increasing of algal bloom was negatively affected with a significant cloudiness in the second half of summer, when the of algal bloom usually is the greatest. The algal bloom was significant in 2015–2016, which was caused with small water runoff and small water colour. For 2013–2018 the dates of algal bloom beginning and maximum increasing of algae were established. This is usually observed in August when warm, and most importantly, sunny weather occurs. An abnormally late algal bloom was observed 19–22.09.2018, which was facilitated with the corresponding weather. It has been revealed that under favorable conditions, the view of water surface can change significantly during one day. Such rapid changes can not be caused by changes in water temperature, since they are not sharp in the reservoirs. The wind has a great impact on the distribution of algae by water area of the reservoirs. It is able to shift the zone with the largest bloom in any direction. The predominance of the north-eastern wind over the Kremenchuts’ke and Kam’yanske reservoirs in July-August leads to the fact that the greatest algal bloom is observed near their right south-western bank.

The biology of Harveyella mirabilis (Cryptonemiales, Rhodophyceae). IV. Life history and phenology

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda J. Goff ◽  
Kathleen Cole
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific

A 20-month field study of the reproductive biology of the parasitic red alga Harveyella mirabilis was undertaken to investigate the effects of environmental parameters on the reproductive periodicity of Harveyella in the intertidal habitat. In the northeast Pacific, tetraspores have been observed in the late winter - early spring; apparently they are produced in response to increased available sunlight and water temperature. Gametogenesis appears to be temperature sensitive; it occurs between a narrow temperature range (9–11 °C). Carpospores are produced in the late summer when both water temperature and day length reach a peak. The phenology of H. mirabilis in the North Atlantic differs from that which is observed in the North Pacific in the timing of gametogenesis and carposporogenesis. The significance of this is discussed in relation to the possible effects of differences in seawater temperature on gametogenesis.

Seawater temperature changes associated with the North Brazil current dynamics

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Vasconcelos Nogueira Neto ◽  
Alex Costa da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
The North ◽  
Brazil Current ◽  
North Brazil ◽  
North Brazil Current

Determination of breeding performances of some commercial fishes of the Bay of Bengal.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nami Das
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Gonad Weight ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Coastal Aquaculture ◽  
Young Life

Abstract Bangladesh is blessed with a coastline of 710 km along the north and north-east part of the Bay of Bengal, having a water area of about 48,365 nmi2 (165,887 km2), as large as the country itself. In these marine and coastal waters there are about 475 species of fish, many of which play an important role in the national economy in both employment in fisheries and income generation. Identification of the breeding pattern of commercial fish is important for hatchery installation as well as coastal aquaculture. Summarized data of breeding performances such as breeding season, body length and weight, gonad weight and fecundity of 15 marine fish of the coastal and offshore waters of Bangladesh are given. The breeding pattern of the fish shows a prolonged spawning season, almost throughout the year. Variations in body length and weight, and in gonad weight and fecundity in the marine environment are also given. As these fish are marine, spawning occurs in a salinity of about 30‰ and following larval development in offshore waters, juveniles migrate towards shallow coastal waters, for shelter and feeding, where they pass their young life.

scholarly journals Comparison of Invasive Apple Snail (Pomacea canaliculata) Behaviors in Different Water Temperature Gradients

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Mi-Jung Bae ◽  
Eui-Jin Kim ◽  
Young-Seuk Park
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Freshwater Snail ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Pomacea Canaliculata ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Self Organizing Map ◽  
Apple Snail ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Organic Farming Systems

Pomacea canaliculata (known as invasive apple snail) is a freshwater snail native to South America that was introduced into many countries (including Asia and North America) as a food source or for organic farming systems. However, it has invaded freshwater ecosystems and become a serious agricultural pest in paddy fields. Water temperature is an important factor determining behavior and successful establishment in new areas. We examined the behavioral responses of P. canaliculata with water temperature changes from 25 °C to 30 °C, 20 °C, and 15 °C by quantifying changes in nine behaviors. At the acclimated temperature (25 °C), the mobility of P. canaliculata was low during the day, but high at night. Clinging behavior increased as the water temperature decreased from 25 °C to 20 °C or 15 °C. Conversely, ventilation and food consumption increased when the water temperature increased from 25 °C to 30 °C. A self-organizing map (an unsupervised artificial neural network) was used to classify the behavioral patterns into seven clusters at different water temperatures. These results suggest that the activity levels or certain behaviors of P. canaliculata vary with the water temperature conditions. Understanding the thermal biology of P. canaliculata may be crucial for managing this invasive snail.

Temperature, Salinity and Plankton in the Eastern North Atlantic and Coastal Waters of Britain, 1957.: I. The Characterisation and Distribution of Surface Waters

1963 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 789-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. McK. Bary
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
English Channel ◽  
Oceanic Water ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Eastern North Atlantic

Monthly temperature-salinity diagrams for 1957 have demonstrated that three surface oceanic "water bodies" were consistently present in the eastern North Atlantic; two are regarded as modified North Atlantic Central water which give rise to the third by mixing. As well in the oceanic areas, large and small, high or low salinity patches of water were common. Effects of seasonal climatic fluctuations differed in the several oceanic water bodies. In coastal waters, differences in properties and in seasonal and annual cycles of the properties distinguish the waters from the North Sea, English Channel and the western entrance to the Channel.The geographic distributions of the oceanic waters are consistent with "northern" and "southern" water bodies mixing to form a "transitional" water. Within this distribution there are short-term changes in boundaries and long-term (seasonal) changes in size of the water bodies.Water in the western approaches to the English Channel appeared to be influenced chiefly by the mixed, oceanic transitional water; oceanic influences in the North Sea appear to have been from northern and transitional waters.

Annual variations in body-size spectra of planktonic ciliate communities and their relationships to environmental conditions: a case study in Jiaozhou Bay, northern China

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henglong Xu ◽  
Yong Jiang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Mingzhuang Zhu ◽  
Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Jiaozhou Bay ◽  
Northern China ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
Size Spectra ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Planktonic Ciliate

The annual variations in body-size spectra of planktonic ciliate communities and their relationships to environmental conditions were studied based on a 12-month dataset (June 2007 to May 2008) from Jiaozhou Bay on the Yellow Sea coast of northern China. Based on the dataset, the body sizes of the ciliates, expressed as equivalent spherical diameters, included five ranks: S1 (5–35 μm); S2 (35–55 μm); S3 (55–75 μm); S4 (75–100 μm); and S5 (100–350 μm). These body-size ranks showed a clear temporal succession of dominance in the order of S2 (January–April) → S1 (May–July) → S4 (August–September) → S3 (October–December). Multivariate analyses showed that the temporal variations in their body-size patterns were significantly correlated with changes in environmental conditions, especially water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) and nutrients. In terms of abundance, rank S2 was significantly correlated with water temperature, DO and nutrients, whereas ranks S4 and S5 were correlated with the salinity and nutrients respectively (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the body-size patterns of planktonic ciliate communities showed a clear temporal pattern during an annual cycle and significantly associated with environmental conditions in marine ecosystems.

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