scholarly journals Yield and grape quality of three red grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) in relation to altimetry

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Luca Mercenaro ◽  
Ana Fernandes de Oliveira ◽  
Massimiliano Cocco ◽  
Giovanni Nieddu
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Acylated Anthocyanins ◽  
Berry Composition ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Different Altitudes ◽  
Phenological Phases

Environment has a great impact on berry composition. In this context we investigated the quality of extremely widespread grape varieties in Sardinia, cvs. Cannonau, Bovale sardo and Monica, cultivated at different altitudes. The work was conducted in a two-year period in two vineyards located respectively at 500 and 700 meters above sea level. Viticultural model and cultivation practices were the same for both vineyards. The following measurements were noted: (i) main phenological phases, (ii) yield and its components, (iii) must quality from veraison to harvest, and (iv) anthocyanin qualitative profiles at harvest. At higher altitude the phenological phases are delayed. Yield was not statistically influenced by altitude. The ripening of the main technological parameters, although similar among the vineyards, suggests that the effects of the different altitude are clear, but they vary according to year and are cultivar dependent. In cv. Cannonau, higher altitude promoted higher total soluble solids. The extractable anthocyanins were not influenced by altitude, although in all tested varieties the higher altitude favored a decrease in the ratio between non-acylated and acylated anthocyanins.

scholarly journals The importance of pruning to the quality of wine grape fruits (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivated under high-altitude tropical conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro José Almanza-Merchán ◽  
Gerhard Fischer ◽  
Germán Eduardo Cely R.
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Factor Design ◽  
Grape Varieties

Since 1998, the Ain-Karim Vineyard has been growing different grape varieties for the production of high-altitude tropical wines in the municipality of Sutamarchan, located in the Alto Ricaurte region of Boyaca (Colombia). Pruning is used to limit the number and length of branches, generating a suitable balance between plant vigor and production; thereby, regulating fruit quantity and quality and ensuring reserves for the subsequent production. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of three pruning types (short = two buds on two spurs; long = five buds on three spurs and mixed = combination of short and long pruning types) on the fruit quality of V. vinifera, Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon Blanc varieties. To accomplish this, a completely randomized two-factor design was used. Physicochemical variables of fruit quality (fresh cluster weight, water content, total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TTA), technical maturity index (TMI), and pH) were determined at harvest. The long pruning type presented the highest values for the fresh cluster weight and TSS of the fruits from both varieties and a higher TMI in the Cabernet Sauvignon variety. These results indicate that, under the conditions of the vineyard, long pruning is the most suitable.

Effects of growth retardant application on grape quality of « Mavrodafni » grapevine variety

OENO One ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Eleftheria Zioziou ◽  
Nektarios Tavernaraki ◽  
Nikolaos Nikolaou
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Grape Variety ◽  
Strong Decrease ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Grapevine Variety ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Anthocyanin Concentration ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Berry Composition

<p style="text-align: justify;">The effects of bloom applications of 2-Chloroethyltrimethylammonium chloride (CCC) and Succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH) on fruit quality of Mavrodafni wine grape variety were studied. Over the vegetative period of 2000, sprays of 500 or 1 000 mg/l CCC and 3 000 or 6 000 mg/l SADH were applied, two weeks before bloom or at 20 p. cent of bloom in a completely randomized experimental design, replicated 10 times. Bunch and berry characteristics, berry composition, and phenolic maturity were measured at harvest. There were no differences between the two days of application. Berry number per bunch and per cm of rachis length, were increased by CCC 1 000 mg/l and SADH 6 000 mg/l treatments. Berry weight was decreased by all treatments with a greater reduction in CCC 1 000 mg/l treatment. Soluble solids were reduced by SADH treatment with a greater reduction in 6 000 mg/l of SADH and increased by CCC treatments at both concentrations. Anthocyanin concentration and extractability were increased in CCC at 1 000 mg/l treatments, while the extractability of grains tannins was reduced. A strong decrease of bud fertility was observed in 6 000 mg/l of SADH.</p>

scholarly journals The Exploitation of Local Vitis vinifera L. Biodiversity as a Valuable Tool to Cope with Climate Change Maintaining Berry Quality

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
María Carmen Antolín ◽  
María Toledo ◽  
Inmaculada Pascual ◽  
Juan José Irigoyen ◽  
Nieves Goicoechea
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

(1) Background: The associated increase in global mean surface temperature together with raised atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration is exerting a profound influence on grapevine development (phenology) and grape quality. The exploitation of the local genetic diversity based on the recovery of ancient varieties has been proposed as an interesting option to cope with climate change and maintaining grape quality. Therefore, this research aimed to characterize the potential fruit quality of genotypes from seven local old grapevine varieties grown under climate change conditions. (2) Methods: The study was carried out on fruit-bearing cuttings (one cluster per plant) that were grown in pots in temperature gradient greenhouses (TGG). Two treatments were applied from fruit set to maturity: (1) ambient CO2 (400 ppm) and temperature (T) (ACAT) and (2) elevated CO2 (700 ppm) and temperature (T + 4 °C) (ECET). (3) Results: Results showed that some of the old genotypes tested remained quite stable during the climate change conditions in terms of fruit quality (mainly, total soluble solids and phenolic content) and of must antioxidant properties. (4) Conclusion: This research underlines the usefulness of exploiting local grapevine diversity to cope with climate change successfully, although further studies under field conditions and with whole plants are needed before extrapolating the results to the vineyard.

scholarly journals Leaf-to-Fruit Ratios in Vitis vinifera L. cv. “Sauvignon Blanc”, “Carmenère”, “Cabernet Sauvignon”, and “Syrah” Growing in Maule Valley (Chile): Influence on Yield and Fruit Composition

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Gastón Gutiérrez-Gamboa ◽  
Irina Díaz-Galvéz ◽  
Nicolás Verdugo-Vásquez ◽  
Yerko Moreno-Simunovic
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Sauvignon Blanc ◽  
Fruit Composition ◽  
Berry Composition

A trial was conducted during the 2005–2006 season in order to determine the effects of different leaf-to-fruit ratios on yield components and fruit composition in four Vitis vinifera L. cultivars. The treatments consisted of selecting shoots of four lengths (>1.3 m, 1.3–0.8 m, 0.8–0.4 m, and <0.4 m) with two crop levels (1–2 clusters/shoot), which allowed defining eight ratios. Berry composition and yield components were measured. The treatments affected the accumulation of soluble solids in “Sauvignon blanc”, “Cabernet Sauvignon”, and “Syrah”, delaying it as the ratio decreased. All yield components were affected in “Sauvignon blanc”, while bunch weight and the number of berries per bunch were altered without a clear trend. None of the yield components were affected in “Cabernet Sauvignon”, while the lowest ratio presented the lowest number of berries per bunch in “Syrah”. Total polyphenol index (TPI) was affected in “Carmenère” without a clear trend. A highly significant correlation was found between shoot length and leaf area in all studied cultivars. As the ratio increased, the shoot lignification increased in “Sauvignon blanc”. However, studies must be conducted during more seasons to establish better conclusions about the effects of leaf-to-fruit ratios on yield and fruit composition.

"Terroir" effect, as a result of enviromental stess, depends more on soil depth than on soil type (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Grenache Noir, Côtes du Rhône, France, 2000)

OENO One ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Coipel ◽  
Begoña Rodriguez Lovelle ◽  
Catherine Sipp ◽  
Cornelis Van Leeuwen
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Nitrogen Status ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Shallow Soils ◽  
Berry Composition

<p style="text-align: justify;">Among other elements of the natural environment, soil greatly influences vine behaviour and berry composition. Its influence is complex, because soil affects vine water and mineral uptake, as well as temperature in the root zone. In this research, investigations were undertaken to assess whether vine development and grape quality potentiel could be linked to specific soil types. 15 dry farmed plots planted with Vitis vinifera L. cv. Grenache noir were studied in 2000 on five soil types of the Southern Côtes du Rhône (France). No clear relationship could be established between soil type, vine growth, yield and berry composition. However, vine water and nitrogen status were related to soil depth. On shallow soils, vine water and nitrogen status were low, which resulted in early shoot growth cessation and moderate yield, as well as high berry sugar and anthocyanin content. Severe water stress is known for affecting negatively berry ripening. Nevertheless, although this study was carried out under dry, Mediterranean conditions, the grapes with the highest potential for making quality red wines were obtained on the soils with the lowest water holding capacity.</p>

scholarly journals Grapevine Variety and Number of Canes Affect Dry-on-Vine (DOV) Raisin Production on an Overhead Arbor Trellis

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Fidelibus
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Mature Fruit ◽  
Thompson Seedless ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Grapevine Variety ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Grape Varieties

Making raisins (dried grapes) is a laborious process and grape growers around the world are increasingly interested in adopting mechanized methods, especially dry-on-vine (DOV). The DOV method entails severing canes bearing mature fruit, causing them to DOV, after which they may be harvested by machine. The overhead arbor is an important DOV raisin trellis system, but basic agronomic performance of raisin varieties on that system are scant. Therefore, a three-year experiment was conducted to compare the performance of several raisin grape varieties (Vitis vinifera L.), on an overhead arbor trellis, for production of DOV raisins. Grapevine variety, ‘DOVine’, ‘Fiesta’, ‘Selma Pete’, or ‘Thompson Seedless’, was the main-plot factor, and number of canes, six or eight, was the sub-plot. ‘Fiesta’ produced the highest yields, averaging about 12.24 Mg/ha raisins. However, ‘Fiesta’ generally had the lowest soluble solids and among the lowest raisin grades. The later ripening of ‘Fiesta’ fruit delayed harvest pruning to initiate fruit drying compared to the other varieties. Therefore, its raisins did not dry sufficiently to meet industry standards. ‘Selma Pete’, ‘DOVine’, and ‘Thompson Seedless’ had similar yields, generally about 20% less than ‘Fiesta’, but ‘Selma Pete’ produced fruit that were the largest in size, with the highest soluble solids, and that produced raisins of the highest grades, compared to the other varieties. Vines pruned to eight canes produced higher yields without sacrificing raisin quality. In conclusion, ‘Fiesta’ was notable for its high productivity, and ‘Selma Pete’ for its earliness and high quality, and both varieties had sufficient capacity to carry eight 15-node canes.

scholarly journals Physical and chemical characterization of yacon tuberous roots at different altitudes and planting times

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego MN Silva ◽  
Raquel R Lima ◽  
Fábio L Oliveira ◽  
Luciano JQ Teixeira ◽  
Leonard CA Machado
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Tuberous Roots ◽  
Compression Cycle ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Different Altitudes

ABSTRACT The post-harvest quality of yacon tuberous roots produced at different altitudes and planting times were characterized in this study. The experiment was conducted in the South of Espírito Santo State in two locations, one at 837 m altitude and the other one at 113 m altitude. The experimental design, in each place, was randomized blocks with four replications, and the treatments consisted of three planting seasons: April (autumn), July (winter) and September (spring). After harvest of the tuberous roots, we evaluated pH, titratable total acidity, moisture content, soluble solids, reducing sugars, crude fiber and ash, as well as color, hardness (maximum force recorded in the first penetration or compression cycle) and chewiness index (energy required to chew food, given by gumminess x elasticity). Tuberous roots grown at 837 m altitude, independent of planting times, presented higher soluble solids content and lighter juice, conferring better quality. However, at 113 m altitude, from April to July, the roots showed better quality, since it presents lower hardness and lighter juice.

scholarly journals Effects of Arthrospira platensis Extract on Physiology and Berry Traits in Vitis vinifera

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1805
Author(s):  
Linda Salvi ◽  
Alberto Niccolai ◽  
Eleonora Cataldo ◽  
Sofia Sbraci ◽  
Francesca Paoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchanges ◽  
Berry Composition

Several advantages on physiology, productivity, and grape quality have been reported for grapevine treated with seaweed extracts, but little is known about the importance of cyanobacterial-based biostimulants in viticulture. The purpose of this pioneering work was to analyze the broad-spectrum effects of the Arthrospiraplatensis F&M-C256 extract on Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot Nero grown in pots in optimal conditions and under water stress. To evaluate the effects, major physiological parameters of the plants and the quali-quantitative parameters of grape were analyzed. According to the results obtained in this study, ameliorating effects in leaf gas exchanges induced by A. platensis F&M-C256 treatments were detected in both irrigation regimes. Above all, A. platensis F&M-C256 allowed keeping stomata open without negative consequences in water potential in treated vines under water-stress conditions. In terms of berry traits, A. platensis F&M-C256-treated vines presented higher berry weight in comparison with untreated vines in both water regimes and improved berry composition in treated vines subjected to drought. The results of the present study demonstrated an A. platensis-dependent physiological response in case of abiotic stress, which prominently affects grape traits at harvest.

scholarly journals Phytosanitary Irradiation Preserves the Quality of Fresh Blueberries and Grapes during Storage

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1666-1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Tong ◽  
Cyril Rakovski ◽  
Anuradha Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Target Dose ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Irradiation Treatment ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Soluble Solids Concentration

The objective of this study was to monitor the effects of irradiation on the quality of blueberries and grapes treated at phytosanitary dose levels. Blueberry varieties ‘Star’, ‘Jewel’, and ‘Snowchaser’ and grape varieties ‘Sugraone’ and ‘Crimson Seedless’ were irradiated at a target dose of 400 Gy (range of 400–590 Gy for blueberries and 400–500 Gy for grapes) and stored for 3 and 18 days under refrigeration, plus 3 days at ambient temperatures and evaluated for quality. Storage affected quality of both fruit more than irradiation treatment and there were significant differences among varieties. Irradiated ‘Star’ blueberries maintained their firmness and sensory scores and resisted decay. Alternatively, irradiated ‘Jewel’ blueberries decreased in firmness but sensory scores for overall liking were higher than the control following 3 weeks of storage. ‘Snowchaser’ blueberries were harvested late in the blueberry season and were not as affected by treatment or time due to their initial compromised nature. Firmness was the primary attribute affected by irradiation for both varieties of grapes, but sensory testing showed that consumers did not have a preference for control or irradiated fruit. With respect to other attributes such as color, weight loss, and soluble solids concentration (SSC)/titratable acidity (TA), there were differences among fruit varieties but treatment effects were not significant. Our results show that both, blueberries and grapes, have a high tolerance for phytosanitary irradiation and that storage affects their quality more than irradiation treatment.

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