scholarly journals Methodology for predicting the resistance of North American plants in the Astana Botanical Garden

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00119
Author(s):  
Gulnara Sitpayeva ◽  
Inga Babai ◽  
Nikolai Zverev ◽  
Velta Massalova ◽  
Svetlana Nabieva ◽  
...  

The analysis and selection of modern methods of introduction prediction was carried out to create a promising list of woody plants of the North America site in the Astana Botanical Garden in Nur-Sultan. Using a system-arealogical approach and interpolation forecasting, botanical nurseries were selected – they are donors of generative and planting material to be included in the collection. 33 taxa or 45% of plants corresponding to winter hardiness in the natural area of the climatic zone of Nur-Sultan were selected using the method of climatic analogues of Mayer and winter hardiness zones. The methodology we chose allowed us to expand by 55% the list of plants that have higher winter hardiness in the cultivated area than in the natural one. A promising list of 80 taxa from 19 families and 34 genera has been compiled.

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00121
Author(s):  
Z.I. Smirnova ◽  
I.A. Bondorina

The genus Rhododendron L. is the largest in the heather family Ericaceae DC. Rhododendrons are decorative evergreen, semi-evergreen and deciduous shrubs that have gained great popularity in green building, ornamental gardening and breeding. Among all groups of rhododendrons, deciduous are the most promising for cultivation in Central Russia due to their high winter hardiness, unpretentiousness and exceptional decorative effect. The article presents the results of experiments carried out at the GBS RAS in 2017-2020 on vegetative propagation of 50 species and varieties of deciduous rhododendrons. Vegetative propagation of deciduous rhododendrons is a rather laborious long process. Cutting deciduous rhododendrons has its own nuances and is considered problematic. In this regard, the selection of optimal conditions for the propagation of rhododendrons, which can enrich the cultural flora of the North-West, central Russia, the Urals and Siberia, was the main goal of this work.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Natalia Alekseevna Yuritsyna ◽  
Vladimir Mikhailovich Vasjukov ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Saksonov

Bidens frondosa is an invasive xenophyte which is naturalized in vegetative communities on the territory of the Southeast of Europe. The natural area of B.frondosa is in the North America. The secondary one is on the territory of Eurasia, here B.frondosa forces out native B.tripartita that is explained by competitive superiority of the North American species on growth rates and seed efficiency on soils of different fertility and water regime. In the secondary area in Eurasia B.frondosa grows on banks of reservoirs and water currents as well as on other damp habitats (including disturbed ones) often in large quantities. This species is also found on saline soils of the European Southeast. It is registered in communities of association Atriplici aucheri-Tamaricetum ramosissimae Golub et al. 1998 belonging to class Nerio-Tamaricetea Br.-Bl. et Bols 1958 order Tamaricetalia ramosissimae Golub in Barmin 2001 alliance Elytrigio repentis-Tamaricion ramosissimae Golub in Barmin 2001, in one of its subassociations A.au.-T.r. althaeetosum Golub et al. 1998, but there B.frondosa is the diagnostic taxon as well as the constant species that is met in all of its described coenosis.


Author(s):  
Г.А. Фирсов ◽  
А.В. Бялт ◽  
К.Г. Ткаченко

Жимолость Маака (Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Maxim.) описана в честь Р.К. Маака (1825–1886), известного натуралиста и исследователя Сибири и Дальнего Востока. Впервые была введена в мировую культуру Императорским Санкт-Петербургским Ботаническим садом (БИН) около 1860 г. В Ботаниче- ском саду Петра Великого известна до 1880 г. и с тех пор представлена посто- янно по настоящее время, без перерывов. Этот вид относится к ряду Maackianae Poyark. ex Nedol. (подсекция Tataricae Rehd., секция Lonicera), в который входит вместе с некоторыми другими представителями рода – L. deflexicalyx Batal., L. prostrata Rehd., L. trichosantha Bureau & Franch. и L. xerocalyx Diels. Cамые старые особи, культивируемые в Санкт-Петербурге, достигли возраста 150 лет. Вид отличается высокой зимостойкостью. В по- следние годы начала XXI в. обмерзание отсутствует или не превышает длины годичного прироста. В прошлом лишь в самые суровые зимы обмерзали побеги более старого возраста. Семена всхожие, и из них выращивается семенное по- томство. Кроме зимостойкости, жимолость Маака ценна своей долговечностью и засухоустойчивостью, а также высокими декоративными качествами. Опыт выращивания её в Ботаническом саду Петра Великого показал, что она хорошо выносит городские условия. В период цветения кустарник покрыт белыми ду- шистыми цветками, во время плодоношения – красными заметными плодами. Декоративность тёмной блестящей листвы сохраняется до глубокой осени. Ягоды долго висят после опадения листьев, сохраняя декоративность до начала зимы. Жимолость Маака в условиях потепления климата сохраняет высокую зимостойкость, репродуктивную способность и декоративные качества. Усыха- ния побегов и распространения болезней и вредителей не отмечено. Вид пер- спективен для озеленения Санкт-Петербурга, устойчив к вредителям и болез- ням и более декоративен, по сравнению с более известной и распространённой Lonicera tatarica L. Культура может быть значительно продвинута на север, прежде всего, на Карельский перешеек и в Южную Карелию. The Maak's honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Herd.) was described in honor of R.K. Maack (1825–1886), a well-known naturalist and researcher of Siberia and the Far East. It was first introduced into the world culture by the Imperial St. Pe- tersburg Botanical Garden (BIN) around 1860. In the Peter the Great Botanical Gar- den it is known until 1880 and has since been presented continuously to the present, without interruptions. This species belongs to the ser. Maackianae Pojark. ex Nedol. (subsection Tataricae Rehd., section Lonicera), which includes, along with some other representatives of the genus – L. deflexicalyx Batal., L. prostrata Rehd., L. trichosantha Bureau & Franch. and L. xerocalyx Diels. The oldest specimens, culti- vated in St. Petersburg, have reached the age of 150 years. The species is distin- guished by high winter hardiness. In the last years of the beginning of the 21st centu- ry, frosting is absent or does not exceed the length of a year's growth. In the past, only the harshest winters were frozen by shoots of an older age. Seeds are different, and seed progeny are grown from them. In addition to winter hardiness, Maak's hon- eysuckle is valuable for its durability and drought resistance, as well as high decora- tive qualities. The experience of its growing her in the Botanical Garden of Peter the Great showed that she is well tolerated by urban conditions. During the flowering pe- riod, the shrub is covered with white fragrant flowers, during fruiting, with red, no- ticeable fruits. Decorative dark shiny foliage is preserved until late autumn. And ber- ries hang long after falling leaves, keeping decorativeness before the beginning of winter. Maack's honeysuckle, in conditions of climate warming, maintains high win- ter hardiness, reproductive capacity and decorative qualities. The shrinkage of shoots and the spread of diseases and pests has not been observed. The species is promising for the gardening of St. Petersburg, it is resistant to pests and diseases and is more decorative than the more famous and widespread Lonicera tatarica L. The culture can be significantly advanced to the North, primarily to the Karelian Isthmus and to South Karelia.


Author(s):  
Z.I. Smirnova ◽  

The article is devoted to the creation of an exposition-collection of flowering shrubs on the territory of the Main Botanical Garden Russian Academy of Sciences (MBG RAS), which allows for scientific research and at the same time is a highly decorative site of the botanical garden, created according to a previously developed project. This approach made it possible to present the largest collections of two genera Philadelphus L. and Spiraea L. in one place, selecting the most resistant, to adverse environmental factors, decorative and modern species, and varieties. The compositions of this site are based on the use of the external characteristics of plants and their adaptive capabilities in the conditions of the Moscow region, such as color, height, shape, texture, duration, and timing of flowering, flower aroma, and winter hardiness of plants. The project was developed with the participation of three scientific divisions of the MBG RAS. The exposition was created on the site of the MBG RAS, vacated after the completion of the construction of the New Stock Greenhouse, and, in fact, is a land reclamation project. In the project of the collection exposition, the data of long-term observations of this group of plants in the nursery conditions were used. The exposition includes 45 species and varieties of mock orange, and spirea with high winter hardiness and the best decorative characteristics. At present, the introduction testing continues, the selection of new species and varieties with the aim of further replenishing the exposition.


Author(s):  
Д.В. Сапронова ◽  
А.А. Долгих ◽  
М.В. Цой ◽  
В.В. Сапронов

В связи с реализацией мероприятий национальных проектов «Наука», «Экология» остро стоят вопросы обеспечения посадочным материалом адаптированных древесных видов лесовосстановительных работ на деградированных территориях засушливых территорий. Цель исследований – разработка перспективных технологий размножения хвойных таксонов для лесомелиорации и озеленения с учетом их репродуктивных особенностей в засушливых условиях. Объекты исследований: лжетсуга Мензиеза (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco.), можжевельник виргинский (Juniperus virginiana L.), м. казацкий (sabinaL.), туя западная (Thuja occidentalis L.), плосковеточник восточный (Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco), ель колючая ф. сизая (Picea pungens Engelm f. glauca Beissn.) коллекций, питомников, маточников Нижневолжской станции по селекции древесных пород – филиала ФНЦ агроэкологии РАН (кадастр. № 34:36:000014:178). Научные исследования направлены на решение теоретических и методических вопросов получения посадочного материала из адаптивного поколения древесных растений на основе изучения их репродуктивной способности. Выявлено качественные и количественные параметры семеношения и влияние лимитирующих факторов среды на развитие семян. Установлены особенности семенного размножения представителей древесных растений (хвойные таксоны) и разработаны технологические аспекты вегетативного размножения в условиях питомника Нижневолжской станции по селекции древесных пород (Волгоградская обл., Камышин) и комплекс мероприятий, обеспечивающих выращивание стандартного посадочного материала за один вегетационный период. Этот важный технологический прием в 2,8 раза увеличивает выход сеянцев с единицы площади, 87 % сеянцев достигают стандартных размеров, в 6 раз увеличивается абсолютно сухая масса сеянца. Внедрение научных разработок проводилось на производственных питомниках Нижневолжской станции по селекции древесных пород. В 2019 году было реализовано сеянцев и саженцев на сумму 6771024,12 рублей. Даны прогнозные предложения по развитию объекта – обновление производственной инфраструктуры станции, в т.ч. реконструкция питомника с целью формирования фонда посадочного материала для воспроизводства и использования коллекций биоресурсов деревьев и кустарников многоцелевого назначения. In connection with the implementation of the activities of the national projects "Science" and "Ecology", there are urgent issues of providing planting material for adapted wood types of reforestation in degraded areas of arid territories. The aim of the research is to develop promising technologies for breeding coniferous taxa for forest reclamation and landscaping, taking into account their reproductive characteristics in arid conditions. Research objects: Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco.), Virginia juniper(Juniperus virginiana L.), M. kazatsky (J. sabina L.), Western thuja (Thuja occidentalis L.), Eastern flatwort (Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco), prickly spruce (Picea pungens Engelm f. glauca Beissn.) collections, nurseries, brooders of the Nizhnevolzhskaya station for the selection of tree species – branch of the Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (cadastre. № 34:36:000014:178). Scientific research is aimed at solving theoretical and methodological issues of obtaining planting material from the adaptive generation of woody plants based on the study of their reproductive ability. The qualitative and quantitative parameters of seed production and the influence of limiting environmental factors on the development of seeds were revealed. The features of seed reproduction of representatives of woody plants (coniferous taxa) and the technological aspects of vegetative propagation in a kennel Nizhnevolzhsky station on selection of tree species (Volgograd region, Kamyshin) and a set of activities to ensure the cultivation of standard planting material for one growing season. This important technological technique increases the yield of seedlings per unit area by 2.8 times, 87 % of seedlings reach standard sizes, and the absolutely dry weight of the seedling increases by 6 times. The introduction of scientific developments was carried out at the production nurseries of the Nizhnevolzhskaya station for the selection of tree species. In 2019, seedlings and saplings were sold for the amount of 677,1024. 12 rubles. Forecast proposals for the development of the facility are given – updating the production infrastructure of the station, including the reconstruction of the nursery in order to form a Fund of planting material for the reproduction and use of collections of bioresources of trees and shrubs for multi-purpose purposes.


Botany ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Goward ◽  
Teuvo Ahti ◽  
John A. Elix ◽  
Toby Spribille

Hypogymnia metaphysodes was first described from Japan and Sakhalin, and later reported from western North America. Here we show that the North American material currently referred to H. metaphysodes differs from that species not only morphologically and chemically, but also in ascospore size and shape. We also show that the North American material is in fact heterogeneous, and can be assigned to two well-defined species here described as new: Hypogymnia recurva sp. nov. and H. wilfiana sp. nov. Both of these lichens contain distinctive secondary metabolites: vittatolic acid in the case of H. recurva, and 2-methylene-3-carboxy-18-hydroxynonadecanoic acid (“apinnatic acid”), reported here for the first time from Hypogymnia , in H. wilfiana. Both of our new species are so far known only from western North America, where they occur primarily as epiphytes on the branches of conifers. Hypogymnia metaphysodes s. str. has not yet been reliably reported from this region and should be excluded from the North American lichen flora.


2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. 365-371
Author(s):  
J Dorasamy ◽  
Mr Jirushlan Dorasamy

Studies, especially in the North America, have shown a relationship between political orientation and moralfoundation. This study investigated whether moral judgements differ from the political orientation of participantsin South Africa moral judgment and the extent to which moral foundations are influenced by politicalorientation.Further, the study investigated the possibility of similar patterns with the North AmericanConservative-Liberal spectrum and the moral foundation. There were 300participants, 78 males and 222 females,who completed an online questionnaire relating to moral foundation and political orientation. The results partiallysupported the hypothesis relating to Liberal and Conservative orientation in South Africa. Further, this studypartially predicted the Liberal-Conservative orientation with patterns in the moral foundation, whilst showingsimilar findings to the North American studies. A growing rate of a neutral/moderate society is evidenced in SouthAfrica and abroad, thereby showing the emergence of a more open approach to both a political and generalstance.”””


Author(s):  
Betrik J Hutapea ◽  
Mesran Mesran ◽  
Siti Nurhabibah

SUMUT Bank is one of the Banks in Indonesia with the name of the company PT. Regional Development Bank of North Sumatra. The North Sumatra Bank has branches in each region in North Sumatra both in the district and in the sub-district, and each of these branches is led by a branch leader or branch head. The head of this branch is responsible for the reversal of the Bank being led. The best and most accomplished branch heads deserve more and more awards. The selection of the best branch heads is selected transparently and structured in the hope that it can be a motivation for all branch heads to be able to further improve the quality and service of the Bank they lead. Making the best branch head selection done manually will take a long time and tends to be less transparent and structured. One solution so that the implementation of the selection can be carried out easily and quickly, it requires a Decision Support System that can provide consistency of assessment. In this study the method used is the VIKOR method (Visekriterijumsko Kompromisno Rangiranje). This method makes cracking on alternatives based on criteria that have been determined with an ideal compromise solution or the best solution, so that this system can later be beneficial for the SUMUT Bank to get the title in determining the best branch head.Keywords: Decision Support System, North Sumatra Bank, Branch Head, Vikor


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