scholarly journals Wine traceability and authenticity: approaches for geographical origin, variety and vintage assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Zava ◽  
Pedro J. Sebastião ◽  
Sofia Catarino
Keyword(s):  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Compositional Variability ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Inorganic Fraction

The aim of this work is to identify and discuss physicochemical wine characteristics, to provide to some extent a link to the vintage, variety, and/or geographical origin. Bibliographic datasets were attempted to provide the main information for topic comprehension, identifying the sources of wine compositional variability and how these can be expressed in terms of the belonging categories. Since all the environmental and technological conditions which vineyard and wine are subjected are rarely known, different sources were inspected. Great importance was given to the study of isotopic composition because of its importance in food frauds detection history. The interaction of the plant genotype with the environmental conditions of the vintage is the main responsible for the wines organic and inorganic fraction variability in terms of both total and relative content. This phenotypical expression, together with human and abiotic variability sources, has been examined since it contains to some extent the information for the discrimination of wines according to their category. Recently, new proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy techniques have been under study and, used concurrently to chemometric data management procedures, showed to be an interesting and promising tool for wine characterization according to both vintage and variety.

scholarly journals Acanthamoeba-Campylobacter Coculture as a Novel Method for Enrichment of Campylobacter Species

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (21) ◽  
pp. 6864-6869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Axelsson-Olsson ◽  
Patrik Ellstr�m ◽  
Jonas Waldenstr�m ◽  
Paul D. Haemig ◽  
Lars Brudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Oxygen Quenching ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Selective Antibiotics ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Bacterial Concentrations

ABSTRACT In this study, we present a novel method to isolate and enrich low concentrations of Campylobacter pathogens. This method, Acanthamoeba-Campylobacter coculture (ACC), is based on the intracellular survival and multiplication of Campylobacter species in the free-living protozoan Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Four of the Campylobacter species relevant to humans and livestock, Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, and C. hyointestinalis, were effectively enriched by the coculture method, with growth rates comparable to those observed in other Campylobacter enrichment media. Studying six strains of C. jejuni isolated from different sources, we found that all of the strains could be enriched from an inoculum of fewer than 10 bacteria. The sensitivity of the ACC method was not negatively affected by the use of Campylobacter-selective antibiotics in the culture medium, but these were effective in suppressing the growth of seven different bacterial species added at a concentration of 104 CFU/ml of each species as deliberate contamination. The ACC method has advantages over other enrichment methods as it is not dependent on a microaerobic milieu and does not require the use of blood or other oxygen-quenching agents. Our study found the ACC method to be a promising tool for the enrichment of Campylobacter species, particularly from water samples with low bacterial concentrations.

1H NMR Spectroscopy for Determination of the Geographical Origin of Hazelnuts

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (44) ◽  
pp. 11873-11879 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Bachmann ◽  
Sven Klockmann ◽  
Johanna Haerdter ◽  
Markus Fischer ◽  
Thomas Hackl
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Geographical Origin

scholarly journals Characterization, Antimicrobial Properties and Coatings Application of Gellan Gum Oxidized with Hydrogen Peroxide

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yushuang Lu ◽  
Xiaojian Zhao ◽  
Sheng Fang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gellan Gum ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
H2o2 Oxidation

The effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidation on the physicochemical, gelation and antimicrobial properties of gellan gum was studied. The oxidized gellan gum (OGG) was characterized by measuring the carboxyl/carbonyl group contents, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. The H2O2 oxidation resulted in a large increase in the carboxyl groups in gellan gum. The OGG lost gelation ability by oxidation even in the presence of metal ions. The antimicrobial activities of the OGG against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), and fungal (Aspergillus niger) were tested. The OGG could inhibit the growth of both bacteria and fungal, and the activity was improved with an increase in the oxidation level. Finally, the application of the OGG as an active coatings material to extend the storage of apples was tested.

Use of high-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for rapid multi-component analysis of urine.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Bales ◽  
D P Higham ◽  
I Howe ◽  
J K Nicholson ◽  
P J Sadler
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Abstract Numerous low-Mr metabolites--including creatinine, citrate, hippurate, glucose, ketone bodies, and various amino acids--have been identified in 400- and 500-MHz proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectra of intact human urine. The presence of many of these was related to the specific condition of the donors: humans in different physiological states (resting, fasting, or post-exercise) and pathological conditions (e.g., diabetes mellitus, cadmium-induced renal dysfunction). We have also monitored the metabolism of simple nonendogenous compounds (methanol and ethanol) and of acetaminophen. The pH-dependencies of the NMR chemical shifts of some urine components are reported. Our studies show that high-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy provides a fast, simple method for "fingerprint" identification of urinary compounds. In some cases, analytes can be quantified by standard additions or by comparing integrated peak areas for the metabolites with those for creatinine. Determinations of creatinine by 1H NMR spectroscopy compared well with those by an independent chemical assay based on the Jaffé reaction.

scholarly journals Aromatic amino acids play a harmonizing role in prostate cancer: A metabolomics-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 741-750
Author(s):  
Ziba Akbari ◽  
Roghayeh Taghipour Dijojin ◽  
Zahra Zamani ◽  
Reza Haji Hosseini ◽  
Mohammad Arjmand
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolomics Data

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common health problem worldwide. The rate of this disease is likely to grow by 2021. PCa is a heterogeneous disorder, and various biochemical factors contribute to the development of this disease. The metabolome is the complete set of metabolites in a cell or biological sample and represents the downstream end product of the omics. Hence, to model PCa by computational systems biology, a preliminary metabolomics-based study was used to compare the metabolome profile pattern between healthy and PCa men. Objective: This study was carried out to highlight energy metabolism modification and assist the prognosis and treatment of disease with unique biomarkers. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional research, 26 men diagnosed with stage-III PCa and 26 healthy men with normal PSA levels were enrolled. Urine was analyzed with proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy, accompanied by the MetaboAnalyst web-based platform tool for metabolomics data analysis. Partial least squares regression discriminant analysis was applied to clarify the separation between the two groups. Outliers were documented and metabolites determined, followed by identifying biochemical pathways. Results: Our findings reveal that modifications in aromatic amino acid metabolism and some of their metabolites have a high potential for use as urinary PCa biomarkers. Tryptophan metabolism (p < 0.001), tyrosine metabolism (p < 0.001), phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis (p < 0.001), phenylalanine metabolism (p = 0.01), ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis (p = 0.19), nitrogen metabolism (p = 0.21), and thiamine metabolism (p = 0.41) with Q2 (0.198) and R2 (0.583) were significantly altered. Conclusion: The discriminated metabolites and their pathways play an essential role in PCa causes and harmony. Key words: Metabolomics, Prostate cancer, Aromatic amino acids, 1H-NMR spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Branched-Chain Amino Acids Can Predict Mortality in ICU Sepsis Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3106
Author(s):  
Alexander Christian Reisinger ◽  
Florian Posch ◽  
Gerald Hackl ◽  
Gunther Marsche ◽  
Harald Sourij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Outcome Prediction ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
And Control

Sepsis biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets are urgently needed. With proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, several metabolites can be assessed simultaneously. Fifty-three adult medical ICU sepsis patients and 25 ICU controls without sepsis were prospectively enrolled. 1H NMR differences between groups and associations with 28-day and ICU mortality were investigated. In multivariate metabolomic analyses, we found separate clustering of ICU controls and sepsis patients, as well as septic shock survivors and non-survivors. Lipoproteins were significantly different between sepsis and control patients. Levels of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) valine (median 43.3 [29.0–53.7] vs. 64.3 [47.7–72.3] normalized signal intensity units; p = 0.005), leucine (57.0 [38.4–71.0] vs. 73.0 [54.3–86.3]; p = 0.034) and isoleucine (15.2 [10.9–21.6] vs. 17.9 [16.1–24.4]; p = 0.048) were lower in patients with septic shock compared to those without. Similarly, BCAA were lower in ICU non-survivors compared to survivors, and BCAA were good discriminators for ICU and 28-day mortality. In uni- and multivariable logistic regression analyses, higher BCAA levels were associated with decreased ICU- and 28-day mortality. In conclusion, metabolomics using 1H NMR spectroscopy showed encouraging potential for personalized medicine in sepsis. BCAA was significantly lower in sepsis non-survivors and may be used as early biomarkers for outcome prediction.

scholarly journals The First Application of 1H NMR Spectroscopy for the Assessment of the Authenticity of Perfumes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Ciepielowski ◽  
Barbara Pacholczyk-Sienicka ◽  
Łukasz Albrecht
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Counterfeit Goods ◽  
Safety Issues

The industry of the counterfeit goods is one of the largest underground business in the world and it is rapidly growing. Counterfeits can lead not only to loss of profit for honest producers but also have a negative impact on consumers who receive poor quality goods at an excessive price and may be exposed to health damages and safety issues. Perfume industry is constantly exposed to the problem of counterfeits with the fast developing parallel market of inspired perfumes being an important issue. It prompts for the identification of methods that classify the quality of this type of products. In this paper the application of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is employed for the authentication of perfumery products for the first time. Molecular composition of several types of authentic brand fragrances for women were compared with their cheaper inspired equivalents and fake products. Our approach offers the prospect of a fast and simple method for discrimination and counterfeit detection of perfumes using 1H NMR spectroscopy.

scholarly journals 1H-NMR Metabolomics Identifies Significant Changes in Metabolism over Time in a Porcine Model of Severe Burn and Smoke Inhalation

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Cole Hendrickson ◽  
Katharina Linden ◽  
Stefan Kreyer ◽  
Gregory Beilman ◽  
Vittorio Scaravilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Smoke Inhalation ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Severe Burn ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Over Time

Burn injury initiates a hypermetabolic response leading to muscle catabolism and organ dysfunction but has not been well-characterized by high-throughput metabolomics. We examined changes in metabolism over the first 72 h post-burn using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy and serum from a porcine model of severe burn injury. We sought to quantify the changes in metabolism that occur over time in response to severe burn and smoke inhalation in this preliminary study. Fifteen pigs received 40% total body surface area (TBSA) burns with additional pine bark smoke inhalation. Arterial blood was drawn at baseline (pre-burn) and every 24 h until 72 h post-injury or death. The aqueous portion of each serum sample was analyzed using 1H-NMR spectroscopy and metabolite concentrations were used for principal component analysis (PCA). Thirty-eight metabolites were quantified in 39 samples. Of these, 31 showed significant concentration changes over time (p < 0.05). PCA revealed clustering of samples by time point on a 2D scores plot. The first 48 h post-burn were characterized by high concentrations of histamine, alanine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine. Later timepoints were characterized by rising concentrations of 2-hydroxybutyrate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, and isovalerate. No significant differences in metabolism related to mortality were observed. Our work highlights the accumulation of organic acids resulting from fatty acid catabolism and oxidative stress. Further studies will be required to relate accumulation of the four organic carboxylates identified in this analysis to outcomes from burn injury.

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