scholarly journals The Impact of the Rock Mass Deformation on Geometric Changes of a Historical Chimney in the Salt Mine of Bochnia

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Anna Szafarczyk ◽  
Rafał Gawałkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Underground Mines ◽  
Salt Mine ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Rock Mass Deformation ◽  
Structural Surface ◽  
Geometry Measurement ◽  
Geometric Changes ◽  
The Impact

There are many ways of the geometry measurement of slim objects, with the application of geodetic and photogrammetric methods. A modern solution in the diagnostics of slim objects is the application of laser scanning, with the use of a scanner of a scanning total station. The point cloud, obtained from the surface of the scanned object gives the possibility of generating not only information on structural surface deformations, but also facilitates obtaining the data on the geometry of the axis of the building, as a basic indicator of the characteristics of its deformation. The cause of the change in the geometry of slim objects is the impact of many external and internal factors. These objects are located in the areas of working or closed underground mines. They can be impacted by the ground and they can face the results of the convergence of cavities. A specific structure of the salt rock mass causes subsequent convergence of the post-exploitation cavities, which has the influence on the behaviour of the terrain surface and the related objects. The authors analysed the impact of the changes in the rock mass and the surface on the changes of the industrial chimney in the Bochnia Salt Mine.

scholarly journals Identification of the ground movements caused by mining-induced seismicity with the satellite interferometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 297-301
Author(s):  
Ryszard Hejmanowski ◽  
Wojciech T. Witkowski ◽  
Artur Guzy ◽  
Agnieszka Malinowska
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Induced Seismicity ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Ground Movements ◽  
Mining Induced Seismicity ◽  
Rock Mass Deformation ◽  
Surface Vibrations ◽  
Satellite Radar ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Subsidence

Abstract. The assessment of the impact of mining-induced seismicity on the natural environment and infrastructure is often limited to the analysis of terrain surface vibrations. However, similar seismic phenomena, like earthquakes, may also imply dislocations and deformations of the rock mass. Such ground movements may occur in areas which are not directly under the influence of the mining. The study of the displacement field caused by mining-induced seismicity is usually carried out with the use of geodetic methods. Classical geodetic measurements provide discrete information about observed ground movements. As a result, they generally do not provide spatially and temporally relevant estimates of the total range and values of ground movements for specific periods of interest. Moreover, mining-induced seismicity causes a severe threat to buildings. That is why, regarding the complexity of the mechanism of occurrence of mining-induced seismicity and their impact on ground movements, this problem remains a substantial research issue. The presented research aimed to analyse the ground movements caused by mining-induced seismicity. The ground displacements were established based on data from Sentinel-1 satellites applying differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR). The results of the investigation in the copper mining area of the Lower Silesia region of Poland revealed that the observed subsidence caused by mining-induced seismicity usually has a shape of a regular ellipse. The radius of these ground movements does not exceed approximately 2–3 km from the mining-induced tremor's epicenter, and the total subsidence reaches ca. 10–20 cm. More than 50 % of the total subsidence is observed on the surface within a few days after the mining tremor occurrence. Furthermore, the deformations of the surface occur when the energy of mining-induced tremor reaches values of the order of 105 J or higher. The presented research can contribute to better identification and evaluation of the mechanism of the rock mass deformation process caused by mining-induced seismicity. In addition, the use of satellite radar interferometry improves the quality of monitoring of these dynamic phenomena significantly. The data retrieved using this method allow for quasi-continuous monitoring of the local subsidence bowls caused by mining-induced seismicity.

An Analysis Of The Interaction During Simultaneous Use Of Copper Ore And Salt Deposits In The LGOM Mines With Regard To Displacement And Deformation Of Rock Mass

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-548
Author(s):  
Edward Popiołek ◽  
Zdzisław Kłeczek ◽  
Zygmunt Niedojadło ◽  
Ryszard Hejmanowski ◽  
Wojciech Skobliński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Rock Mass Deformation ◽  
Mining Works ◽  
Mining Tremors ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Excavation of the two bedded deposits of mineral resources in a small vertical distance may cause additional increased mining risks (rock mass deformation, rock bursts and mining tremors, threat to land surface). This paper considers the impact of excavation of the copper ore deposit on the bed of rock salt located above it and the opposite, in terms of displacements and deformations. We used the theoretical models of processes verified by previous in situ observations in the mines of the Legnica-Głogów Copper Mining District. We analysed the potential for reducing the risks, among others, through coordination of mining works.

The Discussion of Issues Related to the Rock Mass Structure Classification of Dam Foundation

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
Liang Qin Tang ◽  
Kui Tang ◽  
De Xin Nie
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Surface Effect ◽  
Block Size ◽  
Rock Mass Structure ◽  
Dam Foundation ◽  
Rock Structure ◽  
Structural Surface ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
The Impact

Because various lithologic rock present very obvious differences in many aspects (such as: the apparent lumpiness, longitudinal wave velocity, mechanical property etc), the results of the rock mass structure classification by using current specification or general methods can not reflect the true engineering geological properties. Based on a large number of onsite structural surface investigations, acoustic measurements and field and laboratory tests, this paper discusses the related issues on division of rock mass structure using single lumpiness indicators and analyzes the impact of the structural body property and structural surface effect on the rock mass structure. At the same time, the related issue on the integrality coefficient is discussed in the evaluation of rock mass integrity degree. Finally, the proposal which rock structure classification should consider the structure bodys strength and stiffness, the structure surfaces extension length and closed degree, the structure body block size and the rock mass compression wave velocity is put forward.

Analysis of Displacement in Guandi Underground Powerhouse Based on the Influence of Dislocation Surfaces

2013 ◽  
Vol 303-306 ◽  
pp. 2866-2870
Author(s):  
Meng Ke Yuan ◽  
Chun Yu Gao ◽  
Hong Chun Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Opening Displacement ◽  
Measuring Range ◽  
Underground Powerhouse ◽  
Maximum Deformation ◽  
Structure Surface ◽  
Bolt Stress ◽  
Rock Mass Deformation ◽  
Structural Surface ◽  
Mass Deformation

The monitoring data suggests that the overall displacement in Guandi underground powerhouse is a little less, 87% of which is less than 30 mm, while the maximum deformation can be reached as big as 65.77mm. Combined with the study on excavated geological data, the bigger displacement part of Guandi underground powerhouse is mainly affected by the dislocation interfaces, the excavation disturbance causes an opening displacement on the rock mass near the dislocation interfaces and a much bigger displacement partially. Due to the structural surface cut rock mass, deformation coordination between the surrounding rock and the structure surface after stress applied, the stress concentration appears nearby, measuring range of bolt stress meter is excessed in large displacement cases.

A Study on the Impact of Structure Plane on Unloading Rock Mass Deformation

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 2167-2170
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Xu Li Liang ◽  
Jian Po Du ◽  
Jian Feng Qi
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Deformation Modulus ◽  
Strength Parameter ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Deformation ◽  
Rock Mass Deformation ◽  
Structure Plane ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mass Deformation

The rock mass deformation properties of unloading is very different from loading.The physical and mechanical properties of structural plane can bring a very great influence to rock’s unloading behavior. The lower the strength parameter of joint plane and the greater the angle of joint, the lower the unloading modulus of deformation. The greater the connectivity of joint,the faster the unloading modulus of deformation descend. In any case unloading amount is near linear relation with descend amount of unloading deformation modulus.

Confocal and SEM imaging to demonstrate food pathogen- biofilm biocontrol by pyocyanin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa BTRY1

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 5218
Author(s):  
Laxmi Mohandas ◽  
Anju T. R. ◽  
Sarita G. Bhat*
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Sem Imaging ◽  
The Impact

An assortment of redox-active phenazine compounds like pyocyanin with their characteristic blue-green colour are synthesized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens, which are also considered one of the most commercially valuable microorganisms. In this study, pyocyanin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa BTRY1 from food sample was assessed for its antibiofilm activity by micro titer plate assay against strong biofilm producers belonging to the genera Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Brevibacterium and Micrococcus. Pyocyanin inhibited biofilm activity in very minute concentrations. This was also confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM). Both SEM and CLSM helped to visualize the biocontrol of biofilm formation by eight pathogens. The imaging and quantification by CLSM also established the impact of pyocyanin on biofilm-biocontrol mainly in the food industry.

scholarly journals Geological CO2 quantified by high-temporal resolution stable isotope monitoring in a salt mine

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander H. Frank ◽  
Robert van Geldern ◽  
Anssi Myrttinen ◽  
Martin Zimmer ◽  
Johannes A. C. Barth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Underground Mines ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Salt Mine ◽  
Gas Migration ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Anthropogenic Contributions

AbstractThe relevance of CO2 emissions from geological sources to the atmospheric carbon budget is becoming increasingly recognized. Although geogenic gas migration along faults and in volcanic zones is generally well studied, short-term dynamics of diffusive geogenic CO2 emissions are mostly unknown. While geogenic CO2 is considered a challenging threat for underground mining operations, mines provide an extraordinary opportunity to observe geogenic degassing and dynamics close to its source. Stable carbon isotope monitoring of CO2 allows partitioning geogenic from anthropogenic contributions. High temporal-resolution enables the recognition of temporal and interdependent dynamics, easily missed by discrete sampling. Here, data is presented from an active underground salt mine in central Germany, collected on-site utilizing a field-deployed laser isotope spectrometer. Throughout the 34-day measurement period, total CO2 concentrations varied between 805 ppmV (5th percentile) and 1370 ppmV (95th percentile). With a 400-ppm atmospheric background concentration, an isotope mixing model allows the separation of geogenic (16–27%) from highly dynamic anthropogenic combustion-related contributions (21–54%). The geogenic fraction is inversely correlated to established CO2 concentrations that were driven by anthropogenic CO2 emissions within the mine. The described approach is applicable to other environments, including different types of underground mines, natural caves, and soils.

scholarly journals The impact of gross domestic product on the financing and investment efficiency of China’s commercial banks

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Shi ◽  
Shijiong Qin ◽  
Yung-ho Chiu ◽  
Xiaoying Tan ◽  
Xiaoli Miao
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Return On Capital ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Financing And Investment ◽  
The Impact

AbstractChina’s commercial banks have developed at a very rapid speed in recent decades. However, with global economic development slowing down, the impact of gross domestic product growth as an exogenous factor cannot be ignored. Most existing studies only consider the internal factors of banks, and neglect their external economic factors. This study thus adopts an undesirable dynamic slacks-based measure under an exogenous model in combination with the Kernel density curve to explore the efficiency of state-owned commercial banks (SOCBs), joint-stock commercial banks (JSCBs), and urban commercial banks (UCBs) in China from 2012 to 2018. The results show that SOCBs have the highest overall efficiency, followed by JSCBs, then UCBs. The efficiencies of SOCBs, JSCBs, and UCBs in the financing stage are greater than those in the investment stage, indicating that the latter stage brings down overall efficiency. Thus, all commercial banks need to focus on the efficiency of non-performing loans and return on capital. Finally, SOCBs need to strengthen internal controls, reduce non-performing loans and improve return on capital. JSCBs should actively expand its business while controlling costs, and UCBs should optimize its management.

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