Assessment of biodiversity and agronomic parameters in two Agroforestry vineyards

Sustainability of agricultural production systems is nowadays considered as a major challenge to face. Viticulture is particularly affected by environmental issues, especially because of its consumption in pesticides. Besides, the social demand in environment-friendly products is increasing, and the reputation of wines produced under Protected Denomination of Origin (PDO) is also built on the specificity of natural characteristics and resources such as soil, which has to be preserved. Biodiversity loss is largely admitted among the scientific community, and landscape simplification is known as a major driver in this process. Agroforestry, which combines trees with crops, could be a seducing response to biodiversity loss in agro-ecosystems, but the possibility of negative interactions between trees and vines (competition for water, nutrients, light) has to be considered. The Vitiforest project aims to assess south west of France agroforestry vineyard plots by spatializing different parameters in the domain of agronomy, ecology, micro-climate and economy. Field measurements were undertaken at different distances from the intercropped lines of trees in two agroforestry vineyard plots, in order to test potential effects of the trees. Arthropods were collected periodically with pitfall traps (for ground-dwelling individuals) and with D-vac system (aspiration of vine leaves). Pest insects (Empoasca vitis) were collected by specific yellow sticky traps. Data collected to describe biodiversity in these agroforestry systems was total arthropods abundances, abundances per order, carabidae richness and abundances. Nitrogen status was assessed by using Greenseeker® device, through the NDVI index. Our observations show that intercropped trees have no direct effects on vine nutrition. Slight effects on pests insects repartition were found, but these effects are inconstant according to experimental site and year of observation. The same trend is observed for arthropods abundances in the plots.

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Agricultural Impacts on Hydrobiogeochemical Cycling in the Amazon: Is There Any Solution?

Water ◽

10.3390/w12030763 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 763

Author(s):

Ricardo de O. Figueiredo ◽

Anthony Cak ◽

Daniel Markewitz

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Production Systems ◽

Riparian Forest ◽

Forest Conversion ◽

The Social ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Development Plans ◽

Rural Producers ◽

Considerable Pressure ◽

Agricultural Production Systems

Expansion of agriculture in the Brazilian Amazon has been driven not just by demands from traditional, rural producers, but also large agriculture and cattle producers, both of whom have put considerable pressure on remaining forests and their watersheds. Monitoring of these watersheds has been a focus of intensive study for the past 20 years and although this work has greatly increased our understanding, considerable gaps still remain in our ability to provide adequate recommendations for land management and associated public policies. In this study we present a summary of findings from these previous results. For small properties, the use of fire to prepare land for cultivation remains controversial, while in large properties, forest conversion to pasture and/or crop production has had a meaningful and adverse effect on water quality. Riparian forest conservation can make a significant difference in reducing impacts of land-use change. Secondary vegetation can also play an important role in mitigating these impacts. New types of sustainable agricultural production systems, together with incentives such as payments for ecosystem service can also contribute. Continued monitoring of these changes, together with robust sustainable development plans, can help to preserve forest while still addressing the social and economic needs of Amazonian riverine inhabitants.

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Agroforestry for ruminants: a review of trees and shrubs as fodder in silvopastoral temperate and tropical production systems

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an16434 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 58 (5) ◽

pp. 767 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Sophie Vandermeulen ◽

Carlos Alberto Ramírez-Restrepo ◽

Yves Beckers ◽

Hugues Claessens ◽

Jérôme Bindelle

Keyword(s):

Production Systems ◽

Woody Species ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Past Century ◽

Environment Friendly ◽

Airborne Pollutants ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Trees And Shrubs ◽

Salix Spp ◽

Feeding Systems

Among the oldest agroforestry systems, silvopastoralism uses shrubs and trees to feed ruminants. The practice is common in extensive livestock production systems, whereas the intensification of grass-based systems in the past century has led to the removal of woody species from agricultural temperate landscapes. In Europe however, woody species are promoted again on grasslands through environment-friendly policies due to the ecosystem services they provide such as carbon sequestration, control of soil erosion, limitation of airborne pollutants and biodiversity conservation. Positive effects of browse on rumen digestion and parasite control have also been documented across different plant species and regions. Under optimal conditions, feeding ruminants from woody fodder sustains animal production. Nonetheless, limitations can restrict the use of woody forage into animal diets, such as the presence of anti-nutritive and toxic compounds. The incorporation of this resource in ruminant feeding systems raises the question of the management of the interface between the plant and the animal. Various management systems are practiced. Temperate species such as Salix spp. and Populus spp. are fed to sheep and cattle in fodder blocks or by pruning trees in New Zealand, and Fraxinus spp. or Corylus avellana in hedgerows supply forage to livestock in Belgium, whereas Leucaena leucocepahala and Desmanthus spp. browsing is common in Australia. Nowadays, ensiling and pelleting techniques are being developed as a way to store browse forage. As the renewed interest in using shrubs and trees to feed ruminants is recent, especially in temperate regions, additional research about the optimal introduction of this resource within systems is needed.

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Agricultural Productivity and Farmers Welfare Involution (Case Study in Meunasah Pinto Aceh Utara)

Sodality Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan ◽

10.22500/sodality.v5i2.17970 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nirzalin . ◽

Nulwita Maliati

Keyword(s):

Social Life ◽

Social Insurance ◽

Production Systems ◽

Well Being ◽

Complex Issue ◽

Social Segregation ◽

Empirical Level ◽

The Social ◽

Agricultural Production Systems

ABSTRACT Abundant rice productivity as a result of the success of the modernization of the system, pattern of production and use of seeds are carried by the Indonesian government in agriculture was not automatically change the level of farmers welfare. Based on studies in meunasah Pinto North Aceh District, this article is going to show that the issue of farmers’ welfare is a complex issue strands. At the empirical level narrow land ownership, capital dependence on the elite village economy, changes in the production system of reciprocity into a wage complex obstacles to change farmers’ welfare.In fact, this modernization not only exposes farmers to the issue of involution wellbeing but also directly contribute to the flourishing of social segregation in society as in Meunasah Pinto, North Aceh. As a result, the social insurance obtained by citizens when agricultural production systems is reciprocity now after changing the wage system of social insurance is gone. The high individuality as a new mode of social life also requires farmers to adapt to the problems of their lives increasingly problematic in the midst of well-being that low. Keywords: Farmers, Welfare, modernization of production systems, Meunasah Pinto, North AcehABSTRAK Produksi pertanian yang melimpah sebagai konsekuensi dari keberhasilan modernisasi sistim, pola produksi dan penggunaan bibit unggul tidak secara otomatis dapat mengubah tingkat kesejahteraan petani. Berdasarkan studi di Meunasah Pinto Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Artikel ini hendak menunjukkan kompleksitas persoalan kesejahteraan petani. Dalam tataran empiris, sempitnya lahan,, ketergantungan modal pada elite ekonomi desa dan pergeseran sistim reprositas dalam sistim produksi sebagai akibat dari modernisasi sistim pertanian merupakan hambatan-hambatan mendasar terhadap perubahan kesejahteraan petani. Realitasnya, modernisasi sistim pertanian tidak hanya berakhir pada terjadinya involusi kesejahteraan petani tetapi juga berkontribusi langsung pada terjadinya segregasi sosial pada masyarakat petani Meunasah Pinto, Aceh Utara. Implikasinya, asuransi sosial yang terjalin melalui sistim reprositas pada pelbagai aspek kehidupan termasuk pada sistim produksi pertanian kini hilang. Modernisasi yang diikuti dengan rasionalisasi dalam pola hubungan produksi menyebabkan pola hubungan produksi tradisional yang bersifat komunal dan reprositas berubah menjadi serba upah dan individual. Gaya hidup individual ini menghadapkan para petani pada pelbagai persoalan dalam kehidupan mereka. Kata kunci: Kesejahteraan petani, modernisasi sistim produksi, Meunasah Pinto, Aceh Utara

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Adaptación basada en Ecosistemas en pequeñas fincas de granos básicos en Guatemala y Honduras

Agronomía Mesoamericana ◽

10.15517/ma.v29i3.32678 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 571

Author(s):

Adina Chain-Guadarrama ◽

M. R. Martínez-Rodríguez ◽

José Mario Cárdenas ◽

Sergio Vílchez-Mendoza ◽

C. A. Harvey

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Production Systems ◽

Field Measurements ◽

Political Support ◽

Limited Information ◽

The Social ◽

Low Education ◽

Education Levels ◽

Plot Area ◽

Grain Farmers

In Central America maize and beans are usually cultivated by farmers who have small landholdings and live in vulnerable situations. Climate change is an important threat to these smallholder basic grain farmers, putting at risk their production systems and their livelihoods. The use of Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) can help them to adapt to climate change, however there is limited information on the use of EbA. The objective of the present work was to characterize the EbA strategies that smallholder basic grain farmers of four landscapes in Guatemala and Honduras use to increase their resilience to climate change. Using interviews and field measurements in 160 farms, between July 2014 and June 2015, we 1) explored how common the use of different EbA practices is, 2) documented the biophysical characteristics of these practices, and 3) explored if the implementation and characteristics of EbA practices differed among landscapes. Our results indicate that even though they own small land areas (mean maize plot area of ~0.68 ha), have low education levels and low access to technical training and advice, many smallholder basic grain farmers are using EbA practices in their farms. The most common EbA practices were the use of dispersed trees, home gardens and live fences. An ANOVA anlysis indicated significant differences in the use of different EbA practices among farmers, which suggests that farmers adapt practices in response to the social and biophysical conditions where they live. Our study suggests that smallholder basic grain farmers have the experience and the knowledge to use EbA practices and recognize the benefits derived from the implementation of such practices. However, in order to increase use of EbA practices, more technical, financial and political support is needed.

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Prospects for the development of agrarian production systems in in the Right Bank Polesie of Ukraine

Interdepartmental thematic scientific collection "Agriculture" ◽

10.31073/zem.95.69-72 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (95) ◽

pp. 69-72

Author(s):

Yu.A. Tarariko ◽

L.V. Datsko ◽

M.O. Datsko

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Production ◽

Production Systems ◽

Economic Feasibility ◽

Capital Investments ◽

Resource Potential ◽

Grain Processing ◽

Processing And Storage ◽

The Right ◽

And Storage ◽

Agricultural Production Systems

The aim of the work is to assess the existing and prospective models for the development of agricultural production in Central Polesie on the basis of economic feasibility and ecological balance. The evaluation of promising agricultural production systems was carried out with the help of simulation modeling of various infrastructure options at the levels of crop and multisectoral specialization of agroecosystems. The agro-resource potential of Central Polesie is better implemented in the rotation with lupine, corn and flax dolguntsem with well-developed infrastructure, including crop, livestock units, grain processing and storage systems, feed, finished products and waste processing in the bioenergetic station. The expected income for the formation of such an infrastructure is almost 8 thousand dollars. / with a payback period of capital investments of 2-3 years.

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Environmental assessment of the Tung cultivation through life cycle analysis

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v3i1.1597 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 70 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marcelo Bern�l ◽

Rosana Schneider ◽

�nio Machado

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Production Systems ◽

Life Cycle Management ◽

Assessment Method ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Family Farms ◽

Conventional Agriculture ◽

The Past ◽

Ecosystem Changes ◽

Poor Soil

Over the past few decades, conventional agriculture has been facing serious crises caused by numerous factors, including poor soil management and the excessive application of pesticides. Thus, alternative production systems have been developed, including agroforestry systems, especially those that produce both energy and food. The objective of this study was to environmentally evaluate the culture of Aleurites fordii Hemls. (Tung) using the Life Cycle Assessment method with the SimaPro 7.3.2 software. The results revealed that in family farms that use less mechanization to harvest crops, the primary category of environmental impact was land use, which included the removal of animal and vegetable species and ecosystem changes. The full impact of this category was 1741.21 m2yr PDF (potentially disappeared fraction). Subsequently, prognostics were established for the reduction of such impacts, and we conclude that Tung has a high potential for agricultural installation with high responsibility to the environment. Keywords: Environmental factors, Aleurites fordii Hemls, Life Cycle Management, Tung.

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Projections of Local Knowledge-Based Adaptation Strategies of Mexican Coffee Farmers

Climate ◽

10.3390/cli9040060 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Patricia Ruiz-García ◽

Cecilia Conde-Álvarez ◽

Jesús David Gómez-Díaz ◽

Alejandro Ismael Monterroso-Rivas

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Extreme Events ◽

Local Knowledge ◽

Production Systems ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Southern Mexico ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

Coffee Farmers ◽

Extreme Hydrological Events ◽

Adaptation Policies

Local knowledge can be a strategy for coping with extreme events and adapting to climate change. In Mexico, extreme events and climate change projections suggest the urgency of promoting local adaptation policies and strategies. This paper provides an assessment of adaptation actions based on the local knowledge of coffee farmers in southern Mexico. The strategies include collective and individual adaptation actions that farmers have established. To determine their viability and impacts, carbon stocks and fluxes in the system’s aboveground biomass were projected, along with water balance variables. Stored carbon contents are projected to increase by more than 90%, while maintaining agroforestry systems will also help serve to protect against extreme hydrological events. Finally, the integration of local knowledge into national climate change adaptation plans is discussed and suggested with a local focus. We conclude that local knowledge can be successful in conserving agroecological coffee production systems.

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Does Traditional Agroforestry a Sustainable Production System in Bangladesh? An Analysis of Socioeconomic and Ecological Perspectives

Conservation ◽

10.3390/conservation1010003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 21-35

Author(s):

Kazi Kamrul Islam ◽

Mohammad Saifullah ◽

Kimihiko Hyakumura

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Practices ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Sustainable Land Use ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Cost Ratio ◽

Benefit Cost Ratio ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

The Social ◽

Traditional Agroforestry ◽

Benefit Cost

In the tropics, products and services provided by the traditional agroforestry systems (TAS) support the basic needs and promote the livelihood of millions of rural people. However, the outcomes and mitigation of TAS, in particular, the social and environmental issues are not systematically addressed. Thus, the objective of the study was to assess the economic, social and environmental outcomes of two important TAS in Bangladesh. This study reports results on prospective analyses using the Date palm and Jackfruit-based TAS practiced in the Jashore and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh. The results revealed that the TAS enhanced farm productivity and the benefit–cost ratio of both systems were much higher than the general agricultural practices in Bangladesh. The TAS also improved resilience of rural farmers through more efficient water utilization, enhancing soil fertility, improving microclimate, controlling pests and diseases, and diversifying products. At the same time, the farmers’ problems were neglected due to the absence of farmers’ platforms, and also tradeoffs may arise; thus, the social aspects of the TAS farmers had not developed equally. Therefore, the study would recommend minimizing the tradeoffs through enhancing the conservation strategies at farmers’ levels to make the TAS more viable and sustainable land-use practices.

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