scholarly journals The Effect of pyrolysis conditions to produce levoglucosan from rice straw

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 03026
Author(s):  
Aji Satria Nugraha ◽  
Setiadi ◽  
Tania Surya Utami
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Intermediate Compound ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Cellulose Component ◽  
Derivative Products

The industrial sectors that produce synthetic chemicals and and polymers rely heavily on fossil resources. Rice straw is very abundant in Indonesia and can be used as a substitute for fossil resources to produce petrochemical precursors. It is known that cellulose component is the main source for LG formation. Due to high contain of cellulose, the potential of rice straw can be transform by pyrolysis to produce bio-oils and derivative products towards levoglucosan (LG) should be developed. Levoglucosan is an important intermediate compound as it can be convert to the precursor of bio-polymer adipic acid, bio-ethanol, etc. Nowadays it’s still rarely research focused on this mechanism route producing LG through pyrolysis. LG then can run into a further reaction and produce derivative products. In order to obtain the highest yield of LG in bio-oil, a condition that may inhibit the further reaction of LG during pyrolysis takes place. The factor of biomass source and composition, temperature, and holding time (adjusted by N2 feed) most likely greatly affect the product composition formed at the end of pyrolysis. In this study, fast-pyrolysis of rice straw was performed in fixed-bed reactor (5 grams of biomass) under different temperature ranges (450 to 600 °C), N2 flow rate (1200 to 1582 ml/min) to maximize the yield of LG. The content of LG on bio-oil was measured by GC-MS instrument. The maximum yield of LG (67.78% of area) was obtained at an optimal temperature of 500°C with holding time of 1.35 s.

Comparison of the Yield and Properties of Bio-Oil Produced by Slow and Fast Pyrolysis of Rice Husks and Coconut Shells

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 626-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandy Su Zan Gui ◽  
Seyed Amirmostafa Jourabchi ◽  
Hoon Kiat Ng ◽  
Suyin Gan
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
American Society ◽  
Coconut Shells ◽  
Lower Water Content

Slow pyrolysis (SP) and fast pyrolysis (FP) of rice husks, coconut shells and their mixtures were studied in a fixed bed reactor. The objectives of this study were to compare the yields and properties of bio-oils produced using SP and FP methods within a pyrolysis temperature range of 400 °C to 600 °C. Three different biomass compositions, 100% rice husks (RH), 100% coconut shells (CS) and a mixture of 50% rice husks with 50% of coconut shells (RH50/CS50) were experimented. In SP, the maximum yield of bio-oil for RH, CS and RH50/CS50 were 45.45%, 37.01%, 38.29% at temperatures of 550 °C, 500 °C and 600 °C respectively. As for FP, the maximum bio-oil yield obtained for RH, CS and RH50/CS50 were 50.52%, 40.14% and 42.25% at temperatures of 500 °C, 600 °C and 550 °C respectively. At these optimum pyrolysis temperatures, the percentage differences in bio oil yields for SP and FP were 10.57%, 8.11% and 9.83% for RH, CS and RH50/CS50 respectively. Based on American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard procedures, the properties of bio-oil were characterised and it was found that the bio oil produced by FP at optimum temperatures were less acidic, higher density, lower water content and viscosity as compared to the bio-oil produced by SP method for all biomass compositions.

Effect of Dolomite on Pyrolysis of Rice Straw

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 170-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razi Ahmad ◽  
Nasrul Hamidin ◽  
Umi Fazara Md Ali
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Characterization Studies ◽  
Oil Characterization

A study of catalytic pyrolysis on rice straw was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. The objectives were to determine the effect of dolomite catalyst on the distribution of product yield and bio-oil characterization. The non-catalytic and catalytic process of rice straw was performed at the optimum conditions. The chemical characterization studies of uncatalysed bio-oil derived from pyrolysis of rice straw reflect a considerable amount of carbonyl and oxygenated compound, resulting in higher oxygen content in elemental composition. In the presence of the dolomite catalyst, the yield of bio-oil was markedly reduced and so was the oxygen content of the bio-oil itself. The product yields and quality of the resultant bio-oil were significantly affected by the use of dolomite catalyst.

Pyrolysis of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) in a Vertical Fixed Bed Reactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 228-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Azduwin ◽  
Mohd Jamir Mohd Ridzuan ◽  
A.R. Mohamed ◽  
S.M. Hafis
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Hold Time ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Bio Oil

Uncontrolled uses of fossil fuels lead to serious energy problems and since Malaysia is one of the largest producers of palm oil in the world, it has caused a lot of waste such as empty fruit bunches (EFB) which can actually be converted into renewable energy via pyrolysis. In this work, firstly the characterizations of the EFB were analyzed such as elemental, proximate and component analysis. The pyrolysis experiment of empty fruit bunch using vertical fixed-bed reactor was conducted at different pyrolysis temperature range from 300 - 600 °C and the particle size of EFB was also varied from 125-250 μm with constant nitrogen flow rate of 100 cm3/min, heating rate of 30 °C/min, and 30 minutes hold time. For the effect of temperature, the optimum pyrolysis temperature was 500 °C to produce maximum yield of bio-oil which is 39.2 wt. % while 46.13 wt. % is the highest bio-oil yield produced at size of 500-710 μm for the effect of particle size. The analysis on bio-oil was conducted by using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) with the results shows for the presents of phenol/alcohol group, ketones and C-O bond. The bio-oil obtained is in the acidic condition with pH 3.5.

scholarly journals Bio-Oil Characterizations of Spirulina Platensis Residue (SPR) Pyrolysis Products for Renewable Energy Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Siti Jamilatun ◽  
Aster Rahayu ◽  
Yano Surya Pradana ◽  
Budhijanto ◽  
Rochmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Bio Oil

Nowadays, energy consumption has increased as a population increases with socio-economic developments and improved living standards. Therefore, it is necessary to find a replacement for fossil energy with renewable energy sources, and the potential to develop is biofuels. Bio-oil, water phase, gas, and char products will be produced by utilizing Spirulina platensis (SPR) microalgae extraction residue as pyrolysis raw material. The purpose of this study is to characterize pyrolysis products and bio-oil analysis with GC-MS. Quality fuel is good if O/C is low, H/C is high, HHV is high, and oxygenate compounds are low, but aliphatic and aromatic are high. Pyrolysis was carried out at a temperature of 300-600°C with a feed of 50 grams in atmospheric conditions with a heating rate of 5-35°C/min, the equipment used was a fixed-bed reactor. The higher the pyrolysis temperature, the higher the bio-oil yield will be to an optimum temperature, then lower. The optimum temperature of pyrolysis is 550°C with a bio-oil yield of 23.99 wt%. The higher the pyrolysis temperature, the higher the H/C, the lower O/C. The optimum condition was reached at a temperature of 500°C with the values of H/C, and O/C is 1.17 and 0.47. With an increase in temperature of 300-600°C, HHV increased from 11.64 MJ/kg to 20.63 MJ/kg, the oxygenate compound decreased from 85.26 to 37.55 wt%. Aliphatics and aromatics increased, respectively, from 5.76 to 36.72 wt% and 1.67 to 6.67 wt%.

Study of Catalytic Pyrolysis of Chlorella with γ-Al2O3 Catalyst

2013 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 562-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Liu ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Qing Jie Guo
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Lower Viscosity ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Liquid Yield

Chlorella samples were pyrolysed in a fixed bed reactor with γ-Al2O3 or ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst at 600°C. Liquid oil samples was collected from pyrolysis experiments in a condenser and characterized for water content, kinematic viscosity and heating value. In the presence of catalysts , gas yield decreased and liquid yield increased when compared with non-catalytic pyrolysis at the same temperatures. Moreover, pyrolysis oil from catalytic with γ-Al2O3 runs carries lower water content and lower viscosity and higher heating value. Comparison of two catalytic products, the results were showed that γ-Al2O3 has a higher activity than that of ZSM-5 molecular sieve. The acidity distribution in these samples has been measured by t.p.d, of ammonia, the γ-Al2O3 shows a lower acidity. The γ-Al2O3 catalyst shows promise for production of high-quality bio-oil from algae via the catalytic pyrolysis.

Bio-oil production from fast pyrolysis of maple fruit (acer platanoides samaras): product yields

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bahadir ◽  
Turgay Kar ◽  
Sedat Keles ◽  
Kamil Kaygusuz
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Pyrolysis Product ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Product Yields ◽  
Bio Oil

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate fast pyrolysis of maple fruit as an energy sources. This could serve as a solution to the energy sources problem. Design/methodology/approach Fast pyrolysis of maple fruit (samara) was achieved in a fixed bed reactor. The pyrolysis experiments have been conducted on the sample of maple seeds to particularly determine the effects of pyrolysis temperature, particle size and sweep gas flow rate on the pyrolysis product yields. Findings The oil of maple fruit from fast pyrolysis has good properties to be a potential candidate as a biofuel or as a source of chemicals. In addition to being environmentally desirable, it can reduce the energy cost, e.g. that Turkey imports a majority of its energy. Originality/value The use of maple fruit for fast pyrolysis and pyrolysis conditions impact on the yields of pyrolysis liquid can be considered as novel aspects of this paper.

Study on co-pyrolysis characteristics of rice straw and Shenfu bituminous coal blends in a fixed bed reactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaidan Li ◽  
Xueli Chen ◽  
Aibin Liu ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Guangsuo Yu
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics

Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetics of Cassava Residues

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 325-329
Author(s):  
Jin Wei Jia ◽  
Di Yang ◽  
He Long Hui ◽  
Xing Min Fu ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Biomass Feedstock ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Kinetics Of

The aims of this work were to investigate the influence of feedstock properties of different part of cassava residues (cassava rhizome (CR), cassava stalk (CS) and cassava leaf (CL)) and operating temperatures on the pyrolysis characteristics and the kinetic parameters. Pyrolysis experiments of three selected biomass feedstock were conducted using a fixed-bed reactor. It was shown that the bio-oil yield of cassava stalk reached the maxima at 600°C, and the char yield reduced with the temperature, whereas the gas yield increased with temperature. The cassava rhizome presented higher thermochemical reactivity than the other samples. The activation energy of cassava stalks was 37.57 kJ / mol and that of cassava rhizome (39.42 kJ / mol) increased slightly. The activation energy of cassava leaf (22.85 kJ / mol) was lowest of the three samples.

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