scholarly journals Improvement of Anthocyanin Stability in Butterfly Pea Flower Extract by Co-pigmentation with Catechin

2020 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 03008
Author(s):  
Phoomjai Charurungsipong ◽  
Chairath Tangduangdee ◽  
Suksun Amornraksa ◽  
Suvaluk Asavasanti ◽  
Jenshinn Lin
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Differential Method ◽  
Pigment Ratio ◽  
Flower Extract ◽  
Zero Order Kinetics ◽  
Butterfly Pea ◽  
Anthocyanin Stability ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Enhancement ◽  
Kinetics Of

Most of the food processing operations involve the use of heat which generally causes alteration, and degradation of natural pigments, resulting in lower stability. One of the stability enhancement methods is co-pigmentation. This study aimed to determine effect of catechin co-pigment on stability of anthocyanins in Clitoria ternatea (or butterfly pea flower) extract. Degradation kinetics of anthocyanins in the extract were evaluated at three temperatures (28, 60, and 90℃). The effect of co-pigment ratio (catechin: anthocyanins at 1:1, 50:1 and 100:1 by weight) on the stability of anthocyanin extract at 90℃ was determined by the pH differential method. It was found that anthocyanin degradation followed the zero- order kinetics at all temperatures; the degradation rate increased as the temperature increased. At a lower pH, anthocyanins became more stable. An increase in the co-pigment ratio significantly retarded the degradation anthocyanins at 90℃. In addition, co-pigmentation also intensified the color of butterfly pea extract. The highest anthocyanin stability was obtained at co-pigment ratio of 100:1.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Kinetic Pseudo-Order in the Photocatalytic Degradation of Ofloxacin

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Giora Rytwo ◽  
Arye Lev Zelkind
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Zero Order Kinetics ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Antibiotic Drug ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Additional Reduction

Ofloxacin is a highly efficient and widely used antibiotic drug. It is classified as a refractory pollutant due to its poor biodegradability. Consequently, it is commonly found in water sources, requiring efficient methods for its removal. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) offer efficient alternatives since those yield complete degradation not achieved in adsorption or membrane processes. Previous studies suggest ofloxacin degradation follows a pseudo-first or -second order processes, whereas for full removal of refractory pollutants—lower pseudo-orders are required. Monitoring the actual “pseudo-order” degradation kinetics of ofloxacin is needed to evaluate any proposed AOP process. This study presents a simple procedure to evaluate pseudo-orders of AOPs. Photolysis of 20 μM ofloxacin solutions follow pseudo-zero order kinetics, with half-life times (t1/2) of approx. 60 min. TiO2 heterogenous catalysts have been shown to have no influence at low concentrations (0.2 mg L−1), but a significant reduction of half-life time (t1/2 = 20 min) and increase in pseudo-order (0.8) is measured at 2.0 mg L−1. Similar results are obtained with homogenous catalysis by 2.0 mg L−1 H2O2. The combination of H2O2 and TiO2 catalysts shows additional reduction in half-time life with increase in the pseudo-order to 1.2. The conclusions are (1) heterogenous and homogenous photocatalysis can effectively degrade ofloxacin, (2) combined photocatalysis yields higher pseudo-order, being less prone to achieve full removal, and (3) analysis of specific pseudo-orders in AOPs of refractory pollutants helps to further elucidate the efficiency of the processes.

Evaluation of Kinetic Pseudo-Order in the Photocatalytic Degradation of Oflaxicin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giora Rytwo ◽  
Arye Lev Zelkind
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Zero Order Kinetics ◽  
Antibiotic Drug ◽  
Heterogenous Catalyst ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Additional Reduction

Ofloxacin is a highly efficient and widely used antibiotic drug. It is classified as a refractory pollutant due to its poor biodegradability. Consequently, it is commonly found in water sources, requiring efficient methods for its removal. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) offer efficient alternatives since those yield complete degradation not achieved in adsorption or membrane processes. Previous studies suggest ofloxacin degradation follows a pseudo-first or -second order processes, whereas for full removal of refractory pollutants – lower pseudo-orders are required. Monitoring the actual “pseudo-order” degradation kinetics of ofloxacin is needed to evaluate any proposed AOP process. This study presents a simple procedure to evaluate pseudo-orders of AOPs. Photolysis of 20 mM ofloxacin solutions follow pseudo-zero order kinetics, with half-life times (t1/2) of approx. 60 min. TiO2 heterogenous catalyst show to have no influence at low concentration (0.2 mg L-1) but a significant reduction of half-life time (t1/2 = 20 min) and increase in pseudo-order (0.8) is measured at 2.0 mg L-1. Similar results are obtained with homogenous catalysis by 2.0 mg L-1 H2O2. The combination of H2O2 and TiO2 catalysts shows additional reduction in half-time life with increase in the pseudo-order to 1.2. The conclusions are (1) heterogenous and homogenous photocatalysis can effectively degrade ofloxacin, (2) combined photocatalysis yields higher pseudo-order, being less prone to achieve full removal, (3) analysis of specific pseudo-orders in AOPs of refractory pollutants helps to further elucidate the efficiency of the processes.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Clitoria ternatea Linn. (Butterfly Pea) Flower Extract as Natural Liquid pH Indicator and Natural pH Paper

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Faezah Syahirah L ◽  
Muhammad Umar Lutfi MY ◽  
Atika A ◽  
Muhammad Hafiz R ◽  
Muhammad Zulhelmi OA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Blue Flower ◽  
Ph Indicator ◽  
Edible Plant ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
Flower Extract ◽  
Butterfly Pea ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Ph Range

Clitoria ternatea Linn (CT) or Butterfly pea flower is a blue flower edible plant, which is commonly used as food colouring. The objective of this study was to develop a liquid and paper pH indicator from CT extracts. The effectiveness of CT extract as pH indicator was evaluated by titration and product testing result against standard indicator. The stability of CT extracts were also conducted in 7 days storage. Findings from this study shows that CT extract is an effective liquid pH indicator except for weak acid samples. Whereas pH paper made from CT extract is effective as pH paper except for testing pH range from 4 -6. It is concluded thatCT extracts can be potentially effective pH indicator.Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 17(1): 97-103, 2018 (June)

scholarly journals The Development of Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) Flower Powder Drink by Co-crystallization

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Abdullah Muzi Marpaung ◽  
Michael Lee ◽  
Irvan Setiadi Kartawiria
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
Flower Extract ◽  
Butterfly Pea ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Crystallization Stability

Abstract— A method consist of co-crystallization, agglomeration, drying has been applied to develop a powder drink from butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea) extract. The butterfly pea flower extract was concentrated by vacuum evaporation and incorporated with supersaturated sugar solution (more than 90 Brix), agglomerated and dried at 60oC for 12 hours.  The anthocyanin stability and antioxidant activity of the powder drink was evaluated for 28 days at three levels of temperature (room temperature, 40oC, and 50oC). The stability of anthocyanin decreased as the increase of storage temperature. The half-life of anthocyanin in the powder drink at respective temperature was 27.99, 16.53, and 9.81 days. Despite the anthocyanin significantly degraded, the decrease of antioxidant activity of the powder drink was not significant. Hence, the beneficial effect of the butterfly pea powder drink retained.   Keywords— anthocyanin; butterfly pea; co-crystallization; stability; sugar

scholarly journals Determination of solubility, stability and degradation kinetics of morin hydrate in physiological solutions

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (50) ◽  
pp. 28836-28842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar Jangid ◽  
Deep Pooja ◽  
Hitesh Kulhari
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Morin Hydrate ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Kinetics Of

The stability of morin hydrate depends on pH, temperature, and light.

scholarly journals Kinetics of Lycopene Degradation in Sunflower and Grape Seed Oils

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 2229-2235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Zuorro ◽  
Roberto Lavecchia ◽  
Erenio González ◽  
Viatcheslav Kafarov
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Grape Seed Oil ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Kinetics Of

The stability of lycopene in two vegetable oils, sunflower seed oil (SSO) and grape seed oil (GSO), was investigated by analysing the carotenoid degradation kinetics in the temperature range of 10–40°C. A tomato oleoresin containing 6% (w/w) of lycopene was used to prepare lycopene-enriched oil samples. Analysis of kinetic data showed that lycopene degradation follows first-order kinetics, with an apparent activation energy of 70.7 kJ mol–1 in SSO and 69 kJ mol–1 in GSO. The estimated half-life of lycopene was found to depend on oil type and storage temperature. At 20°C, it varied between 59 and 122 days, while at 4°C it was comprised between 302 and 650 days. At all temperatures, lycopene was more stable in SSO than in GSO, which is likely due to the higher content of antioxidant compounds in SSO.

scholarly journals LC-UV and UPLC-MS/MS Methods for Analytical Study on Degradation of Three Antihistaminic Drugs, Ketotifen, Epinastine and Emedastine: Percentage Degradation, Degradation Kinetics and Degradation Pathways at Different pH

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Anna Gumieniczek ◽  
Izabela Kozak ◽  
Paweł Żmudzki ◽  
Urszula Hubicka
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Imidazole Ring ◽  
Piperidine Ring ◽  
Degradation Pathways ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
Kinetics Of Degradation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Antihistaminic Drugs ◽  
Kinetics Of

Evaluation of pH-dependent reactivity of drugs is an essential component in the pharmaceutical industry. Thus, the stability of three antihistaminic drugs, i.e., ketotifen, epinastine and emedastine, was tested, in solutions of five pH values, i.e., 1.0, 3.0, 7.0, 10.0 and 13.0, at high temperature (70 °C). LC-UV isocratic methods were developed to estimate percentage degradation as well as the kinetics of degradation. Generally, epinastine was shown to be the most stable compound with degradation below 14%. Emedastine was labile in all pH conditions, with degradation in the range 29.26–51.88%. Ketotifen was moderately stable at pH 1–7 (degradation ≤ 14.04%). However, at pH ≥ 10, its degradation exceeded 30%. The kinetics of degradation of ketotifen, epinastine and emedastine was shown as a pseudo-first-order reaction with the rate constants in the range 10−4–10−3 min−1 Finally, the UPLC-MS/MS method was applied to identify the main degradants and suggest degradation pathways. Degradation of ketotifen proceeded with oxidation and demethylation in the piperidine ring of the molecule. As far as epinastine was concerned, opening of the imidazole ring with formation of the amide group was observed. Unfortunately, no degradation products for emedastine were detected. The present results complete the literary data and may be important for both manufacturing of these drugs and their administration to patients.

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