Influence of irrigation mode on winter wheat production and moisture changes of wheat fields under extreme rainfall patterns

This work studied the effect of irrigation measures on water changes and crop growth in wheat fields during extreme drought years with rainfall of only 47.7 mm during the wheat growth period. Field investigation was carried out in the low plains of Hebei Province. In the experiment, six water-saving wheat varieties were used, and five irrigation levels (0 mm, 75 mm, 150 mm, 225 mm and 300 mm designated as T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively) were set in the spring. Results showed that wheat yield ranged from 70.5 kg/hm2 to 7053.0 kg/hm2. With the increase in irrigation times, yield level gradually increased and was highest under the T4 treatment. The effect of irrigation mode on panicle number was different from that on yield. The T0 treatment group had the smallest panicle number, whereas the other treatment groups showed slight differences and no discernible trend. The range of 1000-grain weight of different varieties of wheat was 33.36–46.68 g. Except for the T0 treatment, all other treatments increased with the increase in irrigation times. The difference between panicle and grain number was irregular and related to varieties. When population difference was large, yield was related to population size. When the population difference was small, yield was correlated with 1000-grain weight. From the perspective of soil water changes, in the late growth stage, the water content of deep soil under T0 and T4 treatments was higher, whereas that under T1 and T2 treatments was lower. This result indicated that T1 and T2 irrigation modes were conducive for the full utilisation of water in deep soil and were efficient water use modes. T1 and T2 were water saving irrigation models in this study. These conclusions can provide a theoretical basis for guiding the selection of irrigation patterns for wheat cultivation during spring.

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Genetic Diversity of Bacterial Blight Resistant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes from INGER

Bangladesh Rice Journal ◽

10.3329/brj.v23i2.48248 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 59-64

Author(s):

F Akter ◽

MZ Islam ◽

A Akter ◽

SK Debsharma ◽

A Shama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Bacterial Blight ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Mean Value ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Growth Duration ◽

Panicle Number ◽

Cluster Distance ◽

1000 Grain Weight

Genetic diversity of 65 rice genotypes was studied from IRBBN (International Rice Bacterial Blight Nursery) of INGER (International Network for Genetic Evaluation of Rice) materials through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster III contained the highest number of genotypes (23) and the clusterv contained the lowest (8). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster I and lowest for cluster III. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and V, followed by cluster IV and V, cluster II andV and the lowest between cluster I and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster V showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster V could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on canonical vector analysis, panicle number per plant had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, grain/panicle and spikelet fertility were obtained from cluster V. The highest means for 1000 grain weight, second higher yield and the lowest growth duration were found in cluster II, while the lowest mean value for yield and 1000 grain weight and higher mean value for growth duration were found in cluster IV. The crosses between the genotypes/parents of cluster V and cluster II, cluster V and cluster I would exhibit high heterosis as well as higher level of yield potential. Therefore, more emphasis should be given for selection of the genotypes from clusters II and V for future breeding programme. Bangladesh Rice j. 2019, 23(2): 59-64

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Effect of nitrobenzene on growth and yield of boro rice

Progressive Agriculture ◽

10.3329/pa.v29i4.41344 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 304-312

Author(s):

B Chowdhury ◽

MHK Howlader ◽

MK Hossain ◽

MC Sikder ◽

MM Hasan

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Plant Height ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Area Index ◽

Panicle Number ◽

Biological Yield ◽

1000 Grain Weight ◽

Boro Rice

The present experiment was conducted at the research field of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), Patuakhali during the period from December 2013 to March 2014 to evaluate the effect of Nitrobenzene as plant growth regulators on growth and yield parameters of Boro Rice. It also observed the comparative growth and yield performance of foliar application Nitrobenzene ( 0, 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0 ml L–1). Data were collected on Plant height; number of leaves plant–1; number of total, effective and non–effective tillers hill–1; leaf area (LA); leaf area index (LAI); total dry matter (TDM); Crop and relative growth rate (CGR and RGR); and Yield and yield contributing characters such as length of root; length of panicle; number of total, sterile and non–sterile spikelets panicle–1; 1000–grain weight; grain, straw and biological yield and harvest index (HI). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications. The collected data were analyzed statistically and means were adjudged by DMRT at 5% level of probability. The treatments Nitrobenzene @ 3.0 ml L–1 as foliar application gave the highest performance in respect of plant height (90.39 cm), LAI (3.514), TDM (19.17 g plant–1), effective tiller (20.33 hill–1), total tillers (22.73 hill–1), panicle length (26.01 cm),non sterile spikelets (134.70 panicle–1), total spikelets (155.80 panicle–1), 1000–grain weight (28.21 g), grain yield (5.86 t ha–1), straw yield (8.44 t ha–1), biological yield (14.29 t ha–1) and HI (41.00%) of boro rice. Progressive Agriculture 29 (4): 304-312, 2018

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Sources for the breeding of soft spring wheat in the conditions of Novosibirsk region

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding ◽

10.18699/vj18.422 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 784-794 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

V. V. Piskarev ◽

E. V. Zuev ◽

A. N. Brykova

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Average Score ◽

Average Weight ◽

Point System ◽

Lodging Resistance ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Growing Period ◽

1000 Grain Weight

The sources were identified among collection samples characterized by highly pronounced economic and valuable features, which allows new geographically remote source material to be taken to the regional breeding practices. This research aims to assess the agronomic traits (duration of the growing period, lodging resistance and plant height, 1000-grain weight, grain weight and yield) in soft spring wheat varieties of different ecological and geographical origin. Estimation was carried out by a 9-point system of expression of the trait during the study, which allows identifying samples with the greatest expression of the trait in the years of study with respect to the average experience. 5439 samples have been studied over 28 years, with 1106 of them, over two years or more. The study was carried out according to the methods of VIR on plots of 2 m2. It was shown that the samples mainly had no correlation between the yield and the duration of the growing period, while the average dependence (г = 0.6) was revealed between the yield and the height of the plants. Varieties forming the intermediate (4.5-5 points) and above average (6-7) yield in a short growing period (69-85 days) were identified (Lutescens 675, Irkut-skaya 49, Simbirca, Hybrid F3 S-141, Hybrid F4, Hybrid F3 S-289 and Hybrid F4 S-2300 and Pamyati Vavenko-va). A high average score (8.6-9) at 1000 grains weight was shown for 16 varieties with variation from 37 g (N43 and IAO-9) to 56 g (Hofed 1). A high average score (8-9) in the evaluation of grain weight was shown for Pamyati Leont'eva, Ekada 70, Simbirtsit, Don Jose, Yong-Liang 4 and Long-Mai 11, which formed ears with an average weight from 0.96 to 2.30 g. A consistently high score (9) reflecting the yield was in the varieties Condestavel, PF 843025, Prilenskaya 19, Pamyati Leont'eva, Omskaya Krasa.

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Variability of Winter Wheat Quality Features in Northern Trans-Urals

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v4i14.5719 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Natalia A. Volkova ◽

Raisa I. Belkina

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Growing Environment ◽

Testing Site ◽

Grain Unit ◽

1000 Grain Weight ◽

Winter Wheat Varieties

The studies were carried out in laboratory conditions on the basis of the Agrotechnological Institute of Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University. The studies include 5 varieties of winter wheat grown in 2009-2011 in three agroclimatic zones of Tyumen Region: sub-regional (Nizhnetavdinsky state crop testing site), northern forest steppe (Yalutorovsky state crop testing site), southern forest steppe (Berduzhsky state crop testing site). Bashkirskaya variety – 10 (45 g) demonstrated the highest potential in the formation of a 1000 grain weight. The same variety has the highest range of variability (11.7 g) and the variability coefficient (10.9%) indicates average variability. Other varieties showed minor variability of characteristic (V = 8.7-9.9%). Winter wheat varieties varied in terms of average hardness, at the same time the level of values of all varieties (66-77%) corresponded to the standards of high classes according to GOST. Novosibirskayaaya 32 (61-93%) and Bashkirskaya 10 (60-86%) varieties were the most stable in forming the required value of characteristic. The average gluten content in a grain of winter wheat varieties was corresponded to the standards of the third class according to GOST. Novosibirskaya 32 variety (V = 8.5%) had minor variability of the characteristic, while other varieties demonstrated the average variability. A significant proportion of the effect of the “variety” factor on the variability of such features as a 1000 grain weight (56.5%), grain-unit (50.5%) and hardness (45.1%) was established. The amount of gluten depended more on the growing environment (35.5%) and interaction of factors (39.3%). The quality of gluten was much influenced by the growing environment (52.2%).

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THE INHERITANCE OF YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF FIVE WHEAT HYBRID POPULATIONS UNDER DROUGHT CONDITIONS

Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.21082/ijas.v8n2.2007.p53-59 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 53 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Nisar Ahmed ◽

Muhammad Aslam Chowdhry ◽

Ihsan Khaliq ◽

Masahiko Maekawa

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Spike Length ◽

Genetic Advance ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Drought Conditions ◽

1000 Grain Weight

The magnitude of genetic inheritance and expected genetic advance are important for the prediction of response to selection in diverse environments and provide the basis for planning and evaluating breeding programs. This work investigated the inheritance of traits related to drought in wheat under natural drought conditions. Cross combinations were made to produce F1 and F2 hybrid populations, which were evaluated in a randomized completed block design with three replications at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Six wheat varieties/lines and six derived F2 hybrids were studied to ascertain heritability and genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, spike length, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield per plant. Data were collected and subjected to statistical genetic analyses. Heritability estimates and expected genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant were high for the entire cross combinations while the estimates for spike length and number of grains per spike were relatively low. Our results suggest that improvement for these characters should be faster because of higher heritabilities and greater phenotypic variation. Prospects of genetic improvement for all the characters studied are evident. The most promising cross combinations were WL60 × LU26S and WL61 × LU26S. These traits, therefore, deserve better attention in future breeding programs for evolving better wheat for stress environments. <br /><br />

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Effect of K2SO4 and KNO3 Foliar Application on Wheat Growth

Biological Sciences - PJSIR ◽

10.52763/pjsir.biol.sci.58.1.2015.19.22 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 19-22

Author(s):

Muhammad Arshadullah ◽

Arshad Ali ◽

Syed Isthiaq Hyder ◽

Imdad Ali Mahmood ◽

Badar-uz- Zaman

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Block Design ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Control Soil ◽

Rabi Season ◽

Wheat Growth ◽

Different Levels ◽

1000 Grain Weight

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of K2SO4 and KNO3 foliar application (2 and 4%) on the growth of wheat (cv. Watan) at Soil Salinity Research Institute (SSRI) farm, Pindi Bhattian, Punjab, Pakistan during Rabi season, 2007. Treatments were: soil application K2SO4 , KNO3, 2 and 4% K2SO4, 2% KNO3 + 2% K2SO4, 4% KNO3 +2% K2SO4, 2% KNO3 + 4% K2SO4 ,4% KNO3+4% K2SO4 . Treatments were assigned using randomised complete block design with three replications. The crop was harvested at maturity, data on tillering, plant height, spike length, number of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight, straw and wheat yields were recorded. Tillering, number of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight and wheat yield significantly (P £ 0.05) increased by different levels of doses. 2% K2SO4 and 4% K2SO4 improved the tillering capacity of wheat compared with the control. The combination of 2% KNO3 + 4% K2SO4 attained the highest grain yield (2825 kg/ha) which was statistically at par with 2% K2SO4 (2795 kg/ha). The lowest grain yield (2129 kg/ha) was received by the control (soil applied K2SO4). Grain yield after spraying was up to 31% higher than in the control.

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Yield and Biochemical Attributes of Brri Dhan-44 (Oryza Sativa L.) as Affected by Tiba Application

Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Science ◽

10.3329/jasbs.v44i2.46554 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 117-125

Author(s):

AMM Golam Adam ◽

Rasedul Islam ◽

Hasna Hena Begum

Keyword(s):

Foliar Application ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Weight Yield ◽

Panicle Number ◽

1000 Grain Weight ◽

Plant Length

A pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of different concentrations (0, 10, 25, 50 and 100 ppm) of TIBA on yield and biochemical attributes of BRRI dhan-44. Results revealed that number of effective tillers and dry weight of panicle per plant, length of panicle, number of grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, yield per plant and harvest index increased due to all concentrations of TIBA treatments where, treatments mean varied significantly in majority of cases. The stimulatory effect of TIBA treatments on number of effective tillers and dry weight of panicles per plant, length of panicle, number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight resulted significant increase in grain yield per plant. The maximum yield per plant (17.83 g) was obtained from 10 ppm TIBA treatment which was 59.76 % higher over the control. Increases in yield per plant due to 25, 50 and 100 ppm TIBA were 50.53, 47.58 and 28.49%, respectively. Findings of this investigation showed that foliar application of TIBA had beneficial effect on pigment content of leaves at tillering and grain filling stages with a few exceptions. Protein content of leaves was also positively influenced by most of the treatment at tillering stage. Out of five treatments, 10 ppm TIBA produced better results. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(2): 117-125, December 2018

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Rice Novel Semidwarfing Gene d60 Can Be as Effective as Green Revolution Gene sd1

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants8110464 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 464

Author(s):

Motonori Tomita ◽

Keiichiro Ishimoto

Keyword(s):

Yield Components ◽

Green Revolution ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Gene Effects ◽

Yield Performance ◽

Culm Length ◽

Panicle Number ◽

1000 Grain Weight ◽

Unpolished Rice

Gene effects on the yield performance were compared among promising semidwarf genes, namely, novel gene d60, representative gene sd1 with different two source IR8 and Jukkoku, and double dwarf combinations of d60 with each sd1 allele, in a Koshihikari background. Compared with the culm length of variety Koshihikari (mean, 88.8 cm), that of the semidwarf or double dwarf lines carrying Jukkoku_sd1, IR8_sd1, d60, Jukkoku_sd1 plus d60, or IR8_sd1 plus d60 was shortened to 71.8 cm, 68.5 cm, 65.7 cm, 48.6 cm, and 50.3 cm, respectively. Compared with the yield of Koshihikari (mean, 665.3 g/m2), that of the line carrying Jukkoku_sd1 allele showed the highest value (772.6 g/m2, 16.1% higher than Koshihikari), while that of IR8_sd1, d60 and IR8_sd1 plus d60, was slightly decreased by 7.1%, 5.5%, and 9.7% respectively. The line carrying Jukkoku_sd1 also showed the highest value in number of panicles and florets/panicle, 16.2% and 11.1% higher than in Koshihikari, respectively, and these effects were responsible for the increases in yield. The 1000-grain weight was equivalent among all genetic lines. Except for the semidwarf line carrying Jukkoku_sd1, semidwarf line carrying d60 was equivalent to line carrying IR8_sd1in the yield of unpolished rice, and yield components such as panicle length, panicle number, floret number /panicle. Therefore, the semidwarfing gene d60 is one of the best possible choices in practical breeding.

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Genetic Diversity in Sadajira Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v12i1.19576 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 26-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

MZ Islam ◽

MA Siddique ◽

ESMH Rashid ◽

MS Ahmed ◽

M Khalequzzaman

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Plant Height ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Mean Value ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Growth Duration ◽

Panicle Number ◽

Cluster Distance ◽

1000 Grain Weight

Genetic diversity of 40 traditional Bangladeshi rice genotypes was studied under rainfed condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into six clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster VI contained the highest number of genotypes (18) and the clusters I and II contained the lowest (1). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster IV and lowest for cluster VI. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and IV, followed by cluster I and II, cluster I and III and the lowest between cluster III and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster IV showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster IV could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on canonical vector analysis, panicle number per plant and 1000 grain weight had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, filled grains panicle-1 and grain breadth were obtained from cluster VI. The highest means for plant height, flag leaf area, unfilled grains panicle-1, harvest index and the lowest growth duration were found in cluster I, while the lowest mean value for yield, grain length, 1000 grain weight, plant height and highest mean value for days to flowering and maturity were found in cluster II. The crosses between the genotypes/parents of cluster VI and cluster II, cluster VI and cluster V would exhibit high heterosis as well as higher level of yield potential. Therefore, more emphasis should be given for selection of the genotypes from clusters I, VI and V for future breeding program. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19576The Agriculturists 2014; 12(1) 26-32

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