scholarly journals Rice Novel Semidwarfing Gene d60 Can Be as Effective as Green Revolution Gene sd1

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Motonori Tomita ◽  
Keiichiro Ishimoto
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Culm Length ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Unpolished Rice

Gene effects on the yield performance were compared among promising semidwarf genes, namely, novel gene d60, representative gene sd1 with different two source IR8 and Jukkoku, and double dwarf combinations of d60 with each sd1 allele, in a Koshihikari background. Compared with the culm length of variety Koshihikari (mean, 88.8 cm), that of the semidwarf or double dwarf lines carrying Jukkoku_sd1, IR8_sd1, d60, Jukkoku_sd1 plus d60, or IR8_sd1 plus d60 was shortened to 71.8 cm, 68.5 cm, 65.7 cm, 48.6 cm, and 50.3 cm, respectively. Compared with the yield of Koshihikari (mean, 665.3 g/m2), that of the line carrying Jukkoku_sd1 allele showed the highest value (772.6 g/m2, 16.1% higher than Koshihikari), while that of IR8_sd1, d60 and IR8_sd1 plus d60, was slightly decreased by 7.1%, 5.5%, and 9.7% respectively. The line carrying Jukkoku_sd1 also showed the highest value in number of panicles and florets/panicle, 16.2% and 11.1% higher than in Koshihikari, respectively, and these effects were responsible for the increases in yield. The 1000-grain weight was equivalent among all genetic lines. Except for the semidwarf line carrying Jukkoku_sd1, semidwarf line carrying d60 was equivalent to line carrying IR8_sd1in the yield of unpolished rice, and yield components such as panicle length, panicle number, floret number /panicle. Therefore, the semidwarfing gene d60 is one of the best possible choices in practical breeding.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan dan Produktivitas 5 Varietas Unggul Baru Padi di Lahan Bukaan Baru Kabupaten Boven Digoel

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Fajriyatus Shoidah ◽  
Adnan Adnan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

<p>New wetlands field generally has low productivity, so a technology is needed for improve productivity. New Superior Variety (NSV) is a technology that is considered easy to be adopted by farmers, so knowing a NSV that is able to adapt to the characteristics and conditions of new wetlands field is a must. The study of adaptive NSV on new wetlands field in Boven Digoel Regency is still limited so that the NSV recommendation for farmers is also still limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the growth and production of new superior varieties on the new wetlands fields in Boven Digoel Regency. The study was conducted on new wetlands in Asiki Village, Jair District during April-August 2019. Randomized Complete Block Design was employed with 3 replications using Inpari 36, Inpari 37, Inpago Rindang 1, Inpago Rindang 2 dan Inpara 8. The results showed different varieties perform different agronomy characters observed (plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, filled grain, per panicle, empty grain per panicle and 1000 grain weight). Inpari 37 produced 5.3 ton/ha Dried Unhulled Rice, the highest production compared to other varieties, so that it could potentially be developed in Boven Digoel’s new wetlands field. Productivity may still be increased by improving soil fertility conditions.</p>

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Bacterial Blight Resistant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes from INGER

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
F Akter ◽  
MZ Islam ◽  
A Akter ◽  
SK Debsharma ◽  
A Shama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Genetic diversity of 65 rice genotypes was studied from IRBBN (International Rice Bacterial Blight Nursery) of INGER (International Network for Genetic Evaluation of Rice) materials through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster III contained the highest number of genotypes (23) and the clusterv contained the lowest (8). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster I and lowest for cluster III. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and V, followed by cluster IV and V, cluster II andV and the lowest between cluster I and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster V showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster V could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on canonical vector analysis, panicle number per plant had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, grain/panicle and spikelet fertility were obtained from cluster V. The highest means for 1000 grain weight, second higher yield and the lowest growth duration were found in cluster II, while the lowest mean value for yield and 1000 grain weight and higher mean value for growth duration were found in cluster IV. The crosses between the genotypes/parents of cluster V and cluster II, cluster V and cluster I would exhibit high heterosis as well as higher level of yield potential. Therefore, more emphasis should be given for selection of the genotypes from clusters II and V for future breeding programme. Bangladesh Rice j. 2019, 23(2): 59-64

Assessing barley (Hordeum vulgare) response to clipping in the semi-arid Mediterranean climate

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
M. K. J. El-Shatnawi ◽  
N. I. Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Tiller Density ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Greenhouse pot trials and field experiments were carried out under rain-fed condition in north-eastern Jordan during 1997–98 and 1998–99 growing seasons, to test 3 barley genotypes for their suitability for both forage and grain production. The varieties Rehani and ACSAD176 produced higher forage yields than Rum. In the field, clipping reduced subsequent grain yield per plant by about 18%, lowering grain weight of the main spike from 2.3�g in the control to 1.8 g in the clipped plants. Clipping increased tiller density of barley plants in the field. Decreases in grain yield following clipping could also be attributed to reductions in the number of grains per spike. Clipping decreased the number of grains per spike by about 9% by reducing the number of spikelets per spike. Cutting reduced 1000-grain weight by about 9%. Clipping induced changes in the relative importance of yield components influencing subsequent grain yield. The yield components reduced by clipping were the most important contributors to loss of grain yield.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrobenzene on growth and yield of boro rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-312
Author(s):  
B Chowdhury ◽  
MHK Howlader ◽  
MK Hossain ◽  
MC Sikder ◽  
MM Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Boro Rice

The present experiment was conducted at the research field of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), Patuakhali during the period from December 2013 to March 2014 to evaluate the effect of Nitrobenzene as plant growth regulators on growth and yield parameters of Boro Rice. It also observed the comparative growth and yield performance of foliar application   Nitrobenzene ( 0, 1.0,  3.0 and 5.0 ml L–1). Data were collected on Plant height; number of leaves plant–1; number of total, effective and non–effective tillers hill–1; leaf area (LA); leaf area index (LAI); total dry matter (TDM); Crop and relative growth rate (CGR and RGR); and  Yield and yield contributing characters  such as length of root; length of panicle; number of total, sterile and non–sterile spikelets panicle–1; 1000–grain weight; grain, straw and biological yield and harvest index (HI). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications. The collected data were analyzed statistically and means were adjudged by DMRT at 5% level of probability. The treatments Nitrobenzene @ 3.0 ml L–1 as foliar application gave the highest performance in respect of  plant height (90.39 cm), LAI (3.514), TDM (19.17 g plant–1), effective tiller (20.33 hill–1), total tillers (22.73 hill–1), panicle length (26.01 cm),non sterile spikelets (134.70 panicle–1), total spikelets (155.80 panicle–1), 1000–grain weight (28.21 g),  grain yield (5.86 t ha–1), straw yield (8.44 t ha–1), biological  yield (14.29 t ha–1) and HI (41.00%) of boro rice. Progressive Agriculture 29 (4): 304-312, 2018

Effects of herbicide use, fungicide use and position in the field on the yield and yield components of spring barley

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Boatman
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

SUMMARYSix experiments were carried out over 2 years (1985 and 1986) in commercial spring barley crops on calcareous soils in Hampshire. Herbicides increased grain yield by 0·05–1·21 t/ha, and fungicides by 0·01–0·68 t/ha. Herbicide use affected each of the yield components ears/plant, grains/ear, 1000-grain weight and harvest index in one or more cases but the effects were not consistent between experiments or consistently related to yield increases. Fungicide use had little effect on yield components other than 1000-grain weight, which was significantly increased in all experiments. There were no significant herbicide × fungicide interactions. Large differences in yield were recorded between field edge (headland) and midfield plots, with headland plots outyielding the midfield in two of the three experiments where this effect was considered.The effects of fungicide use were accounted for by associated increases in the green lamina area of the flag leaf and second leaf at the late milk stage of grain development. This is consistent with previous work. Differences in yield response to herbicide between sites were linearly related both to weed numbers early in the season and to weed biomass at harvest. Weeds did not always directly replace crop biomass; in some experiments the combined dry matter production was greater when herbicide was not used. However, the results indicate that, where a diverse weed flora composed of species of moderate to low competitive ability is present, simple weed counts may provide a useful indication of potential yield loss.It is concluded that headland areas can often be as productive as the rest of the field, but a greater understanding of the factors involved is needed if this potential is to be realized.

EFFECT OF DATES AND RATES OF SOWING ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF NARBON VETCH UNDER SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Tawaha ◽  
M. A. Turk
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Northern Jordan

Field experiments were conducted during the winter seasons of 1998–1999 and 1999–2000 at Houfa in northern Jordan, to study the effect of the date and rate of sowing on the yield and yield components of narbon vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.). Progressive delays in sowing beyond 1 st January led to yield reductions of 11.1 and 17.9 at successive 15-day intervals. Plant height, pods stem –1, stems m –2 and 1000-grain weight followed the same trend as the yield. Grain yield was not significantly affected by the sowing rate.

Enhancement of dwarf wheat germplasm with high-yield potential derived from induced mutagenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongchun Xiong ◽  
Huijun Guo ◽  
Yongdun Xie ◽  
Linshu Zhao ◽  
Jiayu Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Dwarfing Genes ◽  
Biosynthetic Genes ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

AbstractThe dwarfing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding has promoted a dramatic increase in yields. Since the utilized dwarfing genes in wheat are very limited, identification of novel dwarfing genes is necessary for improving the genetic diversity of wheat. In this study, more than 300 dwarfing wheat lines from induced mutation were screened by kompetitive allele-specific PCR and gibberellin (GA) treatment. The 17.49% of Rht-D1b and 1.37% of Rht-B1b dwarfing mutants were identified in this mutant group. Additionally, Rht-D1b mutants showed more effective in reduction of plant height and higher 1000-grain weight comparing with that of Rht-B1b mutants. By combing with comparison of yield components and expression profile of GA biosynthetic genes with wild-type, the GA-responsive mutant dm15 without directly involvement in GA metabolism, significantly increased 1000-grain weight but no change of other yield components in two locations of field experiments. Meanwhile, another elite mutant dm11 with change of GA biosynthetic genes expression was also identified. These mutants will be promising candidates for dwarfing wheat breeding.

scholarly journals Yield contributing characters of BRRI dhan49 as influenced by integrated use of banana leaves with inorganic potassium fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Md. Abdul Mannan ◽  
Md. Abul Hashem ◽  
Md. Sohanur Rahman ◽  
Fakhar Uddin Talukder ◽  
Md. Kamrujjaman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Science Field ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Banana Leaves ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A field experiment was carried out at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during aman season of 2014 to study the integrated use of banana leaves with inorganic potassium fertilizer on the growth and yield of BRRI dhan49 following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments and three replications. The highest plant height (85.55cm), panicle length (21.46cm), number of effective tillers hill-1 (11.54), number of filled grains panicle-1 (149.53), 1000-grain weight (21.85gm), grain yields (5.66 t ha-1) and straw yield (6.81 t ha-1) were obtained in the treatment T3 and the lowest plant height (77.10cm), panicle length (18.85cm), number of effective tillers hill-1 (8.64), number of filled grains panicle-1 (112.11), 1000-grain weight (19.96gm), grain yields (3.50 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.73 t ha-1) were recorded in the control. It can be recommended to integrated use of 50% K from banana leaves+50% K from MoP on growth and yield of BRRI dhan49.   

scholarly journals Influence of Inter and Intra Row Spacing on Yield and Yield Components of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Jimma Horro District, Western Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Birhanu Chala ◽  
Tolera Abera ◽  
Bhupesh Nandeshwar
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Improved agronomic practices increases yield potential of chickpea in different agroecology of the country. In this view a field experiment was conducted to assess the influence of inter-and intra row spacing on yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Jimma Horro district of Kellem Wollega Zone, Western Oromia, Ethiopia. The treatment consisted of three inter-row spacing (20, 30 and 40 cm) and four intra-row spacing (5, 10, 15 and 20 cm). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with three replications. The highest (52) number of pods plant-1 was obtained with the interaction effect of 40 cm inter and 20 cm intra row spacing. The highest dry biomass (8457 kg ha-1) was recorded at 20 cm × 5 cm spacing while the lowest dry biomass (5413 kg ha-1) was recorded at 40 cm × 20 cm spacing combination. Significantly  higher  (248 g) 1000 grain weight was recorded under 40 cm with 20 cm spacing and lowest (165 g) 1000 grain weight under 30 cm x 5 cm row spacing. The highest (1625 kg ha-1) seed yield of chickpea was obtained from 30 cm x 15 cm and the lowest seed yield (1096 kg ha-1) was recorded from 20 cm x 5 cm row spacing. The highest harvest index (34.03%) was achieved for the interaction of 40 cm inter- and 20cm intra-row spacing and the lowest harvest index (12.14%) under 20 cm x 5 cm row spacing. Thus 30 cm inter-row with 15 cm intra-row spacing can tentatively be recommended for the production of chickpea in the study area as compared to the current recommendation of 30 x 10 cm. Further research would be needed at more locations and seasons to give conclusive recommendations.

scholarly journals Effect Of Removal Of Some Photosynthetic Organs On Yield Components In Durum Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Alpay Balkan ◽  
Temel Gençtan ◽  
Oguz Bilgin
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Agricultural Faculty ◽  
Grain Filling Stage ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

This research was carried out in experimental field of Field Crops Department of Agricultural Faculty of Namik Kemal University in randomized split block design with three replications per treatment during 2004-2005 and 2005-2006. The objective of this study was to find out the contribution rates of awn, flag leaf, 1st upper leaf blade, 2nd upper leaf blade and other leaf blades to main yield components in three durum wheat cultivars (cv. Kiziltan-91, Kunduru-1149, and Yelken-2000). The results of this experiment showed that removal of awn, flag leaf, 1st upper leaf blade, 2nd upper leaf blade, and other leaf blades reduced significantly spike weight, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, and 1000-grain weight except the number of spikelets per spike. It was concluded that the organs play an important role in grain yield in durum wheat during grain filling stage.   Keywords: Photosynthetic organs; yield components; durum wheat.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i1.9224 BJAR 2011; 36(1): 1-12

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