Concentration of copper (Cu) in tinfoil barb fish (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) of Kuantan River and Pinang River, Pahang, Malaysia

The study was conducted to determine of copper (Cu) in muscle tissue of Tinfoil Barn Fish (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) and surface water at Kuantan River and Pinang River, Pahang. The study also determine the water quality parameters and water quality index (WQI). The fish was caught by using gill net and the were digest using acid digestion method and analysed by Inductive Coupled Plasma Micro Spectrometer (ICP-MS). The mean concentration of Cu in fish muscle was 0.5070 ± 0.01748 mg/kg for Kuantan River and 0.4732 ± 0.01807mg/kg for Pinang River which below the permissible limit set by Malaysia Food Act (MFA) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Cu concentration were 0.0052 ± 0.0004390 mg/kg in Kuantan River and 0.0017 ± 0.00006669 mg/kg in Pinang River. The level of Cu in both rivers were not harmful to the fish as the concentrations are below the permissible limit set by US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and National Water Quality Standard (NWQS). There was no significant difference (p < 0.05) in the concentration of muscle tissue for Cu between rivers. In contrast, there showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the concentration of Cu in water between rivers. Kuantan River and Pinang River have been classified in Class II according to the Department of Environment (DOE) that the water must require conventional treatment for water supply purpose.

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Assessing the Industrial Effluent Effect on Irrigation Water Quality and Farm Soil near Kombolcha Town, Ethiopia

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2021/5586213 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Mohammed Jemal Awol ◽

Amare Tiruneh Adugna ◽

Kamaraj M

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Industrial Effluent ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Permissible Limit ◽

Irrigation Water Quality ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

The Mean ◽

Representative Samples

This study evaluated various industrial effluents’ effect on irrigation water quality and farm soil near Kombolcha town. Several industries such as brewery, steel iron, textile, and tannery have been installed near the Borkena River that crosses Kombolcha town. Representative samples of irrigation water and farm soil were collected from the upper and down part of Borkena river. The upper site was used as a control as it was not contaminated by industrial effluents. The analysis for selected parameters showed that the downstream irrigation water quality had mean concentrations of pH = 8.54, magnesium (Mg+2) = 5.27 mg/l, carbonate (CO3−2) = 1.25 mg/l, bicarbonate (HCO3−) = 9.10 mg/l, copper (Cu) = 0.21 mg/l, chromium (Cr) = 0.31 mg/l, and cadmium (Cd) = 0.03 mg/l which were above the permissible limit of the Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO’s) irrigation water quality standard. The mean concentrations of electric conductivity (EC) = 0.96 ds/m, sodium (Na+) = 3.35 mg/l, chloride (Cl−) = 7.67 mg/l, and total dissolved solids (TDS) = 612.98 mg/l were slightly and moderately restricted for irrigation. Moreover, the concentration of heavy metals, calcium (Ca+2) = 16.61 mg/l, iron (Fe) = 4.25 mg/l, manganese (Mn) = 0.18 mg/l, and lead (Pb) = 0.47 mg/l, was below the permissible limit of the FAO and nonrestricted. However, the mean concentration of EC, HCO3−, Cu, Cr, Cd, and TDS for downstream-irrigated farm soil samples was above the permissible limit of the FAO. The concentration of most selected parameters in downstream farm soil was also decreasing along with depth except pH, CO3−2, and HCO3-. Generally, there is a significant quality difference (at P ≤ 0.05) between the upstream and downstream irrigation water quality on the parameters of Mg+2, Cl−, Pb, and Cu.

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A comparative study of water quality in the peripheral rivers of Dhaka city

Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujbs.v22i2.46290 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 145-154

Author(s):

Mohammad Kamrul Hasan ◽

Md Khalid Hasan ◽

Anwar Hossain

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

Water Source ◽

Field Investigation ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Dhaka City ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Seasons

This study examined the present status of surface water pollution and a comparison of the quality of water in different seasons at different locations of the major river, around the Dhaka City. Field investigation was started from January, 2011 and sample collection was conducted six times at an interval of two months up to December, 2011. The observed value of different water quality parameters such as pH, DO, BOD, COD and TDS were compared with the standards recommended by Department of Environment (DoE), Bangladesh and United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). A simple ANOVA and Box-Cox study was also conducted to detect the variation of water quality in the major rivers. The study revealed that during the dry season especially in the months of December to February (winter), the higher values of parameters with respect to the acceptable limits of DoE and USEPA standard indicate the pollution of the river water samples and make the water unsuitable for various uses. Comparisons of abundance values demonstrated high significant difference (p < 0.05) between the mean concentrations of respective parameters except pH at different locations in water source types. Water quality in Hagaribagh of Buriganga river and the Tongi railway bridge stations of Tongi khal was significantly more common polluted area than any other sites of selected water sources as the largest amounts of toxic chemicals are released here by the tannery and dyeing industries without any treatment. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 22(2): 145-154, 2013 (July)

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A study on ground water quality of industrial area at Gajraula (U.P.), India

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v1i2.70 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 275-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

D. S. Malik ◽

Pawan Kumar ◽

Umesh Bharti

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Ground Water ◽

Water Samples ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Industrial Area ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Marginal Values

The present study aims to identify the ground water contamination problem in villages located in the close vicinity of Gajraula industrial area at Gajraula (U.P.), India. Ground water samples were collected from different villages at the depth of 40 and 120 feet from earth’s surface layer. Analytical techniques as described in the standard methods for examination of water and waste water were adopted for physico-chemical analysis of ground water samples and the results compared with the standards given by WHO and BIS guidelines for drinking water. Water quality index was calculated for quality standard of ground water for drinking purposes. The present investigation revealed that the water quality is moderately degraded due to high range of seven water quality parameters such as Temperature (18.33-32.36 0C), conductivity (925.45-1399.59 μmho/cm), TDS (610.80-923.73 mgL-1), Alkalinity (260.17- 339.83 mgL-1), Ca-Hardness (129.68-181.17 mgL-1), Mg-Hardness (94.07-113.50 mgLÉ1) and COD (13.99-25.62 mgL-1). The water quality index (WQI) also indicated the all the water quality rating comes under the standard marginal values (45-64) i.e. water quality is frequently threatened or impaired and conditions usually depart from natural or desirable levels.

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Comparative study on African catfish (Burchell, 1822) hypophysation using ovaprim and chicken pituitary gland extract

Global Journal of Fisheries Science ◽

10.31248/gjfs2021.021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

O. A. Babalola ◽

◽

F. A. Fakunmoju ◽

T. F. Sunnuvu ◽

B. E. Faleti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Pituitary Gland ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Latency Period ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Water Quality Parameters ◽

African Catfish ◽

Gland Extract ◽

Significant Difference

Comparative study on African catfish hypophysation indices using ovaprim and chicken pituitary gland extract (CPGE) was carried out. Sixteen (16) African catfish brood stocks between 1100 and 2300 g in ratio 2:1 and four (4) numbers of layer birds (Gallus gallus domesticus) between 1200 and 2200 g in ratio 1:3 were used respectively. The experiment was batched into “A” and “B”. Batch ‘A’ was placed on ovaprim while batch ‘B’ was placed on CPGE. An indoor hatchery vat, measuring 0.6096 m x 1.8288 m x 0.3048 m each was used for the incubation. Digital measuring kits were used to monitor water quality parameters and measurement of the brood stocks weights independently. Brood stocks on ovaprim and CPGE treatments had the following mean hypophysation indices in these order: fecundity (11100±7690 and 17760±13863), latency period (9.53±0.54 and 9.77±0.49), fertilization percentage (94.03±5.90% and 90.6±10.11%), hatchability percentage (75.6±0.81% and79.35±10.27%), number of eggs produced (5889±657.37 and 9403.33±589.80), total number of larvae hatched (4717.33±1111.0 and 7111.33±506.64), SGR (0.67±0.31 and 1.1±0.31), and survival rate (64.81±0.71 and66.24±2.19) respectively. There was no significant difference (p = 0.05) in the mean values of fecundity, latency period, fertilization and hatchability percentages in both treatments but there was significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) in number of eggs produced and total number of larvae hatched in both treatments. The water quality parameters were within the range for induced breeding techniques and there was no significant difference (p= 0.05) in both experiments. Both ovaprim and CPGE had excellent results from the induced breeding of Clarias gariepinus and yielded good results. Therefore, CPGE could be recommended from the view point of excellent results and its availability from chicken slaughter houses as against ovaprim which are imported.

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Study of Biofilter Planted with Basil for Removal of Ammonia in Aquaponic Water

Civil and Environmental Engineering ◽

10.2478/cee-2021-0025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Bharat Nandkumar Mulay ◽

Konda Rajasekhar Reddy

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Coarse Aggregates ◽

Total Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Coconut Husk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Total Ammonia ◽

Water Recirculation ◽

Aquaculture Water

Abstract This experimental investigation of a laboratory scale aquaponic system included testing of a biofilter with basil plant as the biofilter part on aquaculture water quality. Irridescent shark was selected as aquaculture species. The biofilter consist of natural biomaterials such as coconut husk, coco peat, and coarse aggregates. The experiment was carried out for three short water recirculation durations of 2, 3, and 4 h/day. The influent and effluent ammonia NH3, total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrites NO2 and nitrates NO3 levels were measured and analysed. The results showed that the biofilter effectively removed NH3 (65 - 71 %), TAN (34 - 58 %), and NO2 (60 - 67 %) from the aquaculture water. The dissolved oxygen (DO) levels were maintained between 3 - 7.0 mg/l during all the recirculation durations. The significance of water recirculation period was assessed by calculating the differences between the means of water quality parameters with a statistical test named one-way analysis of variance (ANNOVA) with significant level P taken as 5 %, i.e., P ≤ 0.5. The effluent mean NH3 levels 0.030 mg/l, 0.033 mg/l, and 0.022 mg/l exhibited significant difference at 4 h/d periods while effluent TAN levels 0.81, 0.77, and 0.77 showed no difference with varying periods.

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Investigation of surface water quality of the Buriganga river in Bangladesh: Laboratory and spatial analysis approaches

Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujbs.v28i2.46501 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 147-158

Author(s):

Mohammad Saiful Islam ◽

Romana Afroz ◽

Md Bodruddoza Mia

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Water Quality ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Average Concentration ◽

Water Quality Parameters ◽

Economic Implications ◽

Permissible Limits ◽

Buriganga River

This work has been conducted to evaluate the water quality of the Buriganga river. In situ water quality parameters and water samples were collected from 10 locations in January 2016 and analyzed later in laboratory for water quality parameters such as pH, Eh, EC, TDS, cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2, As3+), anions (Cl-, HCO3-, NO2-, NO3-, SO42-, F-, Br-, PO43-), heavy metals (Cr2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Cd+2, Fe2+, Mn2+) to see whether or not the level of these parameters are within the permissible limits. The average values of pH, Eh, EC and temperature were 7.31, –214.9 mV, 928.9 μs/cm and 21.4°C, respectively; the average concentration of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and As3+ were 109.62, 13.38, 46.78, 13.98 and 0.018 mg/l, respectively, while the concentrations of Cl-,HCO3-, PO43-, SO42-, NO3-, NO2-, F and Br -were 79, 331.06, 2.22, 84.32, 0.0254, 0.058, 0.224 and 0.073 mg/l, respectively; and the concentration of heavy metals Pb2+, Zn2+, Fe2+ and Mn2+were 0.28, 0.053, 0.17 and 0.23 mg/l, respectively. The study indicates that most of the parameters are within the permissible limits set by Bangladesh water quality standard. The concentrations of K+, Mn2+, and Pb2+ were beyond the permissible limits meaning that that the water of Buriganga is not safe for drinking. The people living beside Buriganga river should be more cautious about using the polluted/contaminated river water. The concerned authorities should take urgent necessary steps to improve the degraded water quality of the river considering the ecological, environmental and economic implications associated with it. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 28(2): 147-158, 2019 (July)

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Water Quality Assessment of Cimanuk River in West Java Using Pollution Index

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20186804009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 ◽

pp. 04009 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ihya Sulthonuddin ◽

Djoko Mulyo Hartono ◽

Suyud Warno Utomo

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

Government Regulation ◽

Pollution Index ◽

Quality Standard ◽

World Health ◽

West Java ◽

Index Method ◽

Water Quality Standard

Cimanuk river is one of the seven rivers in West Java. Cimanuk river pollution is indicated to have suffered as a result of the activity of domestic waste, industrial and agricultural uncontrolled in the riparian area of Cimanuk river. This research aims to analize water quality of Cimanuk river based on water quality standard on Government Regulation of Republic of Indonesia (IDN), Regulation of the Governor of West Java (WJ), World Health Organization (WHO), Enviromental Standard of United Kingdom (UK), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Enviromental Quality Standard (EQS), and Department of Environment (DOE). This research used pollution index method. The result is water quality of Cimanuk river not meet water quality standard where the TSS (94.85±84,60 mg/L), BOD (9.61±3.16 mg/L), COD (37.69±14.01 mg/L), DO (5.12±1.22 mg/L), NH3N (0.25±0.24 mg/L). Degradation of water quality of Cimanuk river from upstream to downstream marked by increased pollution index value annually. Pollution index of Cimanuk river ranging from 1.25 to 20.31. Water quality status of Cimanuk river has been from lightly polluted to heavilypolluted.

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Pertumbuhan dan Sintasan Juvenil Teripang Pasir Holothuria scabra pada Pemeliharaan Dengan dan Tanpa Rumput Laut Gracilaria sp., Menggunakan Keramba Apung dan Tancap di Tambak

Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia ◽

10.14203/oldi.2020.v5i3.340 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 199

Author(s):

Dedy Kurnianto ◽

Lisa Fajar Indriana ◽

Abdul Wahab ◽

Syafriyadi Hafid ◽

Balkam Fadlan Badi

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Raw Material ◽

Growth And Survival ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

In The Wild ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Increment Growth

Growth and Survival of Sandfish Holothuriascabra Juveniles Grown with and without Seaweed Gracilaria sp., using Floating and Fixed Hapas in Earthen Pond. Holothuriascabra known as sandfish have long been used for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.Juveniles production is one of the ways to address the problem of raw material availability due to declining sandfish population in the wild. This research aimed to determine growth performance and survival of sandfish juveniles reared with and without seaweed Gracilaria sp. using floating and fixed hapas in earthen pond. The research was conducted from May to September 2014. A completely randomized design was used to arrange 12 hapas of four treatments groups with three replicates including floating hapas without Gracilaria sp. (ATR), floating hapas with Gracilariasp. (ADR), fixed hapas without Gracilaria sp. (TTR) and fixed hapas with Gracilaria sp. (TDR). Some parameters was observed includingweight increment, Growth Rate (GR),Specific Growth Rate(SGR), Biomass, Survival, and Water Quality. The result showed that GR and SGR were not significantlydifferent among treatments (P>0.05). Survial and Biomass showed significant difference among treatments (P <0.05). ATR has the highest GR, SGR, survival, dan biomass whereas TDR has the lowest GR, SGR, survival, dan biomass. Water quality parameters were in optimal range for sandfish rearing. AddedGracilaria sp.tend to inhibitGR, SGR, survival, dan biomass.

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Probabilistic risk assessment and water quality index of a tropical delta river

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.12487 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e12487

Author(s):

Osikemekha Anthony Anani ◽

John Ovie Olomukoro

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Health Risk ◽

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Hazard Index ◽

The United States ◽

Carcinogenic Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ph Level

Water plays a major role in supporting the wellness and life processes in living things as well as in the ecological structure’s stabilities. However, several environmental scientists have recounted the alarming menace unfit water quality portends as well as the shortfalls of its global utilization in various spheres of life. This study aims to determine the fitness of the Ossiomo River and its likely health risk impact when consumed or used for other domestic purposes. The outcome of the physicochemical and heavy metal characterization showed that most of the parameters surpassed the slated benchmarks. Findings from the study revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) for water temperature, color, TDS, BOD5, HCO3, Na, Fe, Mn, and THC across the four stations respectively. Meanwhile, pH, salinity, turbidity, TSS, DO, Cl, P, NH4H, NO2, NO3, SO4, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, and V showed no significant (p > 0.05) across the four stations respectively. The pH level of the water was slightly acidic at the range of 4.40–6.82. The outcome of the computed water quality index showed that station 1 (66.38) was poor for human ingestion which was above the set slated benchmarks of 26–50. However, stations 2–4 (163.79, 161.79, and 129.95) were unsuitable for drinking which was above the set slated benchmarks of 100. The outcome of the health risk evaluation revealed that the hazard quotients (HQs) were considered greater than 1 (>1) for Cr (2.55). The hazard index (0.46) via the dermal pathway was <1 while the ingestion (4.35) pathway was >1. The sum of the HQs (4.81) was also > 1. Thus, there are possible non-carcinogenic health risks via direct ingestion of the water. The outcome from the carcinogenic risk for Pb, Cr, and Cd (6 × 10–3, 4.00 × 10–1, and 1.22 × 100), was somewhat greater than the target goal (1.0 × 10–6 to 1.0 × 10–4) of carcinogenic risks stipulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for drinking water, respectively, especially for Cd. There might be a potential carcinogenic risk if the water is consumed when the metal contents are higher than the target limits set. Sustainable farming and treatment of wastes from industrial outputs should be the main management of this watercourse.

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DAMPAK PEMUKIMAN DAN KEGIATAN DI TEPI SUNGAI TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI BARU BARAT

Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan ◽

10.5614/j.tl.2020.26.2.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 49-60

Author(s):

Ariane Pratiwi ◽

◽

Melati Ferianita Fachrul ◽

Diana Irvindiaty Hendrawan ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Water Quality ◽

Waste Water Treatment ◽

Pollution Index ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

River Bank ◽

Water Pollution Index ◽

The Status ◽

Almost All

Abstract. Baru Barat River is a man made river for flood and irrigation control. This study aims to determine the effect of activities on the bank on Baru Barat River on the water quality. Identification of activities is carried out along the bank of river. Water quality parameters are compared with the Governor of Jakarta no. 582 year 2005. The status of water quality is determined using the Pollution Inde (PI). The activities around the Baru Barat River are settlements, officem workshop, schools, deales, food stall, laundry, shops, beauty salons, guesthouses and gas station. BOD concentration range from 8.4-43.7 mg/L with a quality standard of 10 mg/L and COD range from 16-99.2 mg/L with a quality standard of 20 mg/L. Concentration of BOD and COD that exceed of quality standard at almost all sampling ponts. The level of pollutionj in the Baru Barat River is moderate polluted. The main problem at Baru Barat River are the presence of several illegal waste point left from activities that eventually enter the river and the absence of waste water treatment. The concept of community based must be implemented to waste management and communal wastewater treatment that are easy, inexpensive and integrated with the landscape. Keywords: Baru Barat River, river bank, water pollution index, river quality, domestic waste water

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