scholarly journals Recycling of Polymers – An Opportunity or a Threat to the Economy?

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01058
Author(s):  
Alfira Khaertdinova ◽  
Dilbar Sultanova ◽  
Dinara Iskhakova ◽  
Albert Karimov
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Polymer Industry ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Current Reality

Products of the polymer industry today are everywhere. They have penetrated both our daily life and the development of high-tech industries. In the current reality, new technologies are developing at a rapid pace and pose new challenges to the polymer industry. However, with the growth of production and consumption of plastics, the problem of recycling waste from the polymer industry has gradually become more acute. This article analyzes the production of plastics, their utilization and assesses the prospects for further development of the industry in developed countries. Separately, the issues of solving these problems in Europe are studied as a model of managing the recycling process and possible borrowing the experience for the Russian economy.

Factors of Growth of the Russian Economy and of Technical Renovation

2004 ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
A. Golub
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Resource Sector ◽  
Further Development

The author considers opportunities of maintaining sustainable growth of the Russian economy and preventing catastrophic pollution of environment by extensive development of the resource sector. In his opinion, the solution lies in switching production and consumption to new technologies, several times more effective than the old ones. In the analysis of the Russian economy the author uses the models of the modern theory of economic growth and gives further development to Solow's model. Applying of production function with increasing and decreasing returns from scale leads to the conclusion that stable economic growth in Russia can be achieved only in case when "old" and "new" technological (reproductive) structures coexist in the economy for a rather long period. The most dangerous consequence of excessive development of the resource sector is delay in rates of accumulation of capital in processing industries and outflow of labor to the resource sector.

Tools for the development of innovative entrepreneurship in the region

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
V. P. Basenko ◽  
V. A. Dianova
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Organizational Forms ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
New Organizational Forms ◽  
Innovative Solution ◽  
Public And Private Cooperation ◽  
Effective Use

The article is devoted to the problems of innovative enterprise development. Since the Russian economy is in a state of financial and economic stagnation, there is a need to apply radically new innovative directions of business activities that ensure the effective use of financial potential within the framework of national projects. Practice shows that today the business sector in Russia is not able to provide a full-fledged demand for new technologies. Therefore, there is a need for substantial state support to provide centralized orders for high-tech industries. There are already examples of combining the efforts of a number of Autonomous economic entities to implement innovative reforms, new organizational forms of interaction have been formed, such as: centers for the implementation of innovative ideas; centers for engineering services; business incubators, etc. The subjects of these organizational forms of cooperation developed and proposed measures aimed at innovative solution of technological problems relevant to the regional economy, as well as for the country as a whole. Link for the efficient interaction of economic agents becomes an inherent characteristic, is the need of implementation of mechanisms of coordination with “network interaction”. It is important to note the fact that the existing relations and forms of regulation of various systems are not permanent, there are no strategic concepts aimed at long-term public and private cooperation.

scholarly journals Ewolucja przemysłu zaawansowanej technologii i sektora teleinformatycznego (ICT) w Finlandii

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 122-132
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Stachowiak
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Forest Industry ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy

The paper presents in a broad outline the main characteristics of the evolution of the Finnish high-tech industry and ICT sector within the context of general changes in industry and the national economy. In the last decades of the 20th century Finland dynamically developed a knowledge-based economy and became one of the leaders of the information society. A spectacular manifestation of this is the position of the country in global competitiveness rankings, where Finland has occupied a top position for several years, sometimes even being ahead of the United States. The so-called ‘Finnish model of information society’ is characterised, among others, by a significant growth in knowledge-intensive industries and a complex system of research and development support. However, all those changes were dependent on the previous development path of the country. The structure of Finnish industry was rather one-sided until the 1980s, when knowledge- and expertise-intensive production started to catch up with the level of manufacturing dominated by raw materials, capital and energy. For a long time, Finland specialised in the forest industry and in the processing of metals. A new sector that has developed during the past decades is electronics and, especially, the manufacturing of communication devices. Furthermore, the economy has changed more dramatically in Finland than in any other developed country over the same period of time. Industries have become technology-intensive and production is strongly characterised by specialisation. Finland has become the most specialised country in information and communication technology in the world, and this specialisation trend is continuing. The forest industry and other traditional industries rely more and more on the new technologies and state-of-the-art knowledge. In Finland, industrialisation started later than in other countries, but it was very rapid. Industrial production and exports grew faster than the rest of the economy in the 1990s, and the structure of exports diversified. Unlike other developed countries, Finland “re-industrialised” in the 1990s. The contribution of industry to the total volume of production and employment has been higher in Finland than in other advanced economies in the past couple of years.

scholarly journals ОПЫТ ИНДИКАТИВНОГО ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ ВО ФРАНЦИИ В СВЕТЕ ЗАДАЧИ СТРУКТУРНОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Alla Rassadina
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
Further Development

Russian economy finds itself in a deep protracted depression and enhancing scientific- technological lag in comparison with economically developed countries. In these circumstances, when the problems of structural transformation on the basis of re-industrialization, and technological modernization become vital for further development, implementation of different kinds of planning as an instrument of industrial policy definitely rises on the agenda. In this regard, the experience of planning methods implementation in foreign countries seems to be of a great importance.

scholarly journals EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING FINANCIAL RESOURCES AIMED AT INNOVATIVE INDUSTRIALIZATION

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 389 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-237
Author(s):  
А. Nurgaliyeva ◽  
А. Zeinullina ◽  
G. Nurbayeva ◽  
B. Serekbayeva ◽  
G. Bolsynbekova
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Model ◽  
Internal Sources

In the new global reality, the most appropriate model for long-term development of Kazakhstan is the industrial and innovative model. The need to implement industrial and innovative development is dictated by the challenges of the XXI century, the economic imperatives of globalization. Lagging indicators such as labor productivity, which today is only 39 thousand US dollars, while this indicator in the OECD countries is on average more than 2.5 times higher. The share of manufacturing in GDP in 2017 is only 12%, while this figure in developed countries such as China is about more than 35%. In order to enter the top 30 developed countries, further development of the industrial and innovative model is required. It is no accident that in his last two messages, the President focuses on the development of new technologies, new models of digitalization, the need to accelerate the introduction of more complex products, increase the technological level, and increase the share of exports. The development of Kazakhstan's economy requires qualitative and structural changes in the economy and a shift away from its dependence on raw materials, an increase in the share of manufacturing, high-tech industries and the expansion of exports of finished products. The formation of a competitive economy requires huge financial resources that will be directed to innovative industrialization on a long-term basis. The new global reality has led to a reduction in the ability to attract funding. Lack of internal sources of financing, reduction of external sources of financing of the banking system of Kazakhstan, insufficient development of the Kazakhstan stock market significantly limit the ability to meet the needs of the real sector of the economy in financial resources.

scholarly journals Results and Prospects of Developing Innovation Aerospace Cluster in Samara Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Galina Hmeleva ◽  
Darya Terekhina
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Cluster Policy ◽  
Cluster Architecture ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Further Development

Cluster policy is increasingly the core of strategies of socio-economic and innovative development of regions. In this regard, it is important to monitor the current state of clusters, identify cluster effects, which will determine prospects for their further development more accurately. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the results of the innovation cluster of Samara region and identify prospects for its further development. For this, the authors suggest the methodical approach to evaluating economic effects of cluster functioning, conduct the data analysis. On the basis of generalizing the array of scientific and statistical data, reports of enterprises, evidence of facts of economic activity of cluster members, the authors find a number of positive effects of the innovative aerospace cluster of Samara region. The article reveals a new “corporate effect”, in which an enterprise-cluster member seeks to become a part of the cluster architecture of a higher level in order to ensure guaranteed ordering and financing of modernization programs. The article also complements scientific discussions on the synergetic effect of the cluster and the expansion of markets in other sectors due to new technologies and ideas for business. The performed SWOT-analysis suggests promising areas and activities for the development of the aerospace cluster of Samara region for high growth high-tech enterprises, spread of digital economy.

scholarly journals Management of the Development and Implementation of New Generation Technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. Komkov ◽  
V. V. Sutyagin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Full Life Cycle ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Further Development

Purpose: to justification of the need to develop new-generation domestic technologies that ensure the competitiveness and stability of the Russian economy to external challenges. Using the laws of accelerated development of various systems, objects and processes of the material world will allow us to construct a mechanism for analysis, decision-making and management of the justification, development and implementation of new generation technologies.Methods: the research method is based on the generalization of forecasting the accelerated development of various processes under the conditions of growth restrictions, methods for constructing targeted information-logic models, decision-making methods for justifying the costs of upgrading one-generation technology options and analyzing domestic and foreign technology development experience new generation.Results: within the space of creation and development of new generation technologies, in accordance with the well-known concept of the full life cycle, the process of development and implementation of new generation technologies in the form of a logistic curve has been specified. The solution to the problem of managing the creation of new generation technologies is presented as the fastest possible implementation of projects to search for innovative solutions that meet the requirements of competitiveness. Mathematical models of the formulated problem are considered. Examples of practical tasks for managing the development and development of new generation technologies are given.Conclusions and Relevance: the dynamics of development and the economic conditions for the transition to technology modernization are determined by the need for further development of new generation technologies in the interests of full use of the innovative potential of this generation. Information-logical and mathematical models have been developed for making decisions on managing the justification of the necessary resources for the implementation of projects in the full cycle during the transition from innovative solutions to new technologies and innovative products.

scholarly journals Problems of competitiveness of industries in ensuring the economic security of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 11014
Author(s):  
Angela Mottaeva ◽  
Ludmila Kopteva
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Industrial Equipment ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Modern Technologies

The dynamics of the development of the domestic industrial complex shows significant changes in the organization and management of enterprises in recent years. Undoubtedly, global changes in industrial technologies in developed countries have had a significant impact, taking into account digital transformation, intelligent automation and artificial intelligence. In the present conditions, the Russian industrial complex faces a difficult task-to find the necessary resources to improve its own industrial production and thus maintain the ability to compete with foreign manufacturers. The resolution of this issue is complicated by the weakening Russian economy crisis and the growing sanctions pressure from Western partners against the background of a reduced to a minimum investment inflow. The imposed sanctions packages against the Russian economy not only hinder foreign investors, but also act as obstacles to the supply of modern technologies and high-tech industrial equipment to our country, as well as reduce opportunities for organizing cooperation between foreign and domestic developers. In fact, the goals of such sanctions are considered to be the maximum isolation of Russia’s industrial and economic systems for the gradual weakening of our country’s economy.

Trends And Characteristics Of Innovation World And Russian Economy

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Prigulnyy
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Growth Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

Innovative development of Russia is explored in the article as a complex process that reflects the latest trends in the production, stockpiling and use of modern knowledge, priorities of scientific and technological development, changes in the structure and dynamics of the financing, development and implementation of innovative technologies in the public research centers, universities and private sector companies economy, formation of research and innovation policies aimed at making the research and preparation for the future of innovation sphere. The problem is to organize support the positive dynamics of the innovation process. The solution is possible based on the integration efforts of the Russian society to create a system of technological and socio-economic forecasting, select sources of funding long-term priorities of fundamental and applied science, education for constructive solutions to the problems facing Russia. In line with the above priorities, the author examined the key factors that characterize tendenuiyu accelerate the innovative development of the Russian economy: the global growth of knowledge-intensive production of gross domestic product, the priorities of the state scientific and technical policy of the most economically developed countries, strategies for high-tech business leaders.

Planning as a Tool of State Industrial Policy: the Experience of France

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Rassadina
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Economic Regulation ◽  
Public Economic ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Further Development

Russian economy continues to remain in depression and enhancing scientific-technological lag in comparison with economically developed countries. In these circumstances the problems of structural transformation on the basis of re-industrialization and technological modernization become vital for further development. Implementation of different kinds of economic regulation and planning, as an important instrument of industrial policy, is the necessary condition for the solution of this task. In this regard, the experience of such regulation and implementation of different kinds of planning in particular, in foreign countries, seems to be of great importance. On the basis of theoretical researches and expert estimates of western and Russian economists, the author analyses the experience of implementation of indicative planning and other kinds of public economic regulation in France in the context of its possible use for solution of the problem of technological modernization of Russian economy.

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