Factors of Growth of the Russian Economy and of Technical Renovation

2004 ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
A. Golub
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Resource Sector ◽  
Further Development

The author considers opportunities of maintaining sustainable growth of the Russian economy and preventing catastrophic pollution of environment by extensive development of the resource sector. In his opinion, the solution lies in switching production and consumption to new technologies, several times more effective than the old ones. In the analysis of the Russian economy the author uses the models of the modern theory of economic growth and gives further development to Solow's model. Applying of production function with increasing and decreasing returns from scale leads to the conclusion that stable economic growth in Russia can be achieved only in case when "old" and "new" technological (reproductive) structures coexist in the economy for a rather long period. The most dangerous consequence of excessive development of the resource sector is delay in rates of accumulation of capital in processing industries and outflow of labor to the resource sector.

scholarly journals Recycling of Polymers – An Opportunity or a Threat to the Economy?

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01058
Author(s):  
Alfira Khaertdinova ◽  
Dilbar Sultanova ◽  
Dinara Iskhakova ◽  
Albert Karimov
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Polymer Industry ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Current Reality

Products of the polymer industry today are everywhere. They have penetrated both our daily life and the development of high-tech industries. In the current reality, new technologies are developing at a rapid pace and pose new challenges to the polymer industry. However, with the growth of production and consumption of plastics, the problem of recycling waste from the polymer industry has gradually become more acute. This article analyzes the production of plastics, their utilization and assesses the prospects for further development of the industry in developed countries. Separately, the issues of solving these problems in Europe are studied as a model of managing the recycling process and possible borrowing the experience for the Russian economy.

Breakthrough Technologies: New Directions in Economic and Social Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1227-1235
Author(s):  
V. D. Ardzinov ◽  
N. V. Chepachenko ◽  
A. A. Leont’ev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Impact

The presented study examines the comparative characteristics of industrial revolution targets, national goals, and strategic objectives for the development of the Russian economy; proposes methods for measuring and evaluating technological development; describes its impact on economic growth and shows the performance of enterprises.Aim. The study aims to determine the specific features of formation of economic and social development targets and the potential of new technologies, including breakthrough technologies, for shaping the technological development of the Russian economy; to propose methods for measuring and evaluating technological development and its impact on the growth and development of the national economy that would improve the quality of economic and managerial decision-making.Tasks. The authors clarify the interpretation of the concept of breakthrough technologies; identify distinctive features in the formation of industrial revolution targets and priority targets for the development of the Russian economy; substantiate methodological approaches to identifying parameters and indicators, methods for measuring and evaluating the level of technological development, its impact on the results of changes in economic growth and development of the national economy and its economic entities.Methods. The authors use the methods of scientific research, theoretical and comparative analysis, synthesis, generalization, general theory of economic growth, and elements of the economic efficiency theory.Results. The interpretation of breakthrough technologies as dominant new technologies that can ensure accelerated progressive development of the economy and minimize damage to the natural environment is clarified. The distinctive features of formation of industrial revolution targets and their relationship with the targets for the development of the Russian economy are identified. Evaluative features are substantiated; indicators for measuring and evaluating the transformation of the technological development of enterprises engaged in different activities and indicators for measuring and evaluating the impact of new technologies, including breakthrough technologies, on economic growth and development are proposed. The influence of the recommended measurement and evaluation methods on improving the quality of management decisions is shown.Conclusions. The study substantiates the need to improve methods for assessing the actual achieved (projected, planned) level of technological development as a necessary prerequisite for its qualitative analysis, evaluation, control, and monitoring required to make sound economic and managerial decisions. The proposed methods for measuring and evaluating technological development, measuring and evaluating the impact of new technologies, including breakthrough technologies, on the quality of economic growth, efficiency and competitiveness of the national economy (region, industry, activity, enterprises) improve the quality of managerial decision-making in achieving national goals for the development of the national economy.

Decomposition of Russian GDP growth rates in 2007—2017 and forecast for 2018—2020

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Drobyshevsky ◽  
G. I. Idrisov ◽  
A. S. Kaukin ◽  
P. N. Pavlov ◽  
S. G. Sinelnikov‑Murylev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Structural Unemployment ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
Random Shocks ◽  
Economic Growth Rates ◽  
Further Development

The paper provides further development of the methodology of GDP growth rates decomposition, adapted for the case of Russia. It proposes the calculation of indicators of structural unemployment NAWRU and total factor productivity for the Russian economy. The paper offers estimates of structural, foreign trade and market components of GDP growth rates for various macroeconomic scenarios for 2018—2020. The sum of the components of the business cycle and random shocks is expected to be the main source of Russian GDP growth in 2018—2020, which together with the renewal of investment in 2017 may indicate the beginning of a new cycle of economic growth in Russia. Within the framework of the considered macroeconomic scenarios an expected contribution of the terms of trade component will be of an order of –1 p. p. of the yearly GDP growth rates in 2018—2020. In all major macroeconomic scenarios the structural component of GDP growth rates is expected to continue to decelerate in 2018—2020. The results suggest that the delay of structural reforms is inadvisable in order to create the prerequisites to achieve economic growth rates equal to or more than the world average.

scholarly journals Structure of Technological Dynamics and Economic Growth of Russia

Federalism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 5-25
Author(s):  
O. S. Sukharev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Technological Effectiveness

The slowdown in Russia’s economic growth to the “covid crisis”, as well as the possibility of restoring growth and forming a new model of it, are associated with the need to overcome structural constraints. Moreover, the plans for the recovery of the Russian economy note the need not only for a stimulating macroeconomic policy, but also for the implementation of structural changes through technological renewal. However, technological modernization is highly dependent on the existing mode of technological development – the current and future demand for new technologies. The implementation of the country’s technological development strategy requires an assessment of the existing technological structure with a measurement of its reaction to ongoing investments in support of obsolete and emergence of new technologies. Different sectors of the economy and its regions, having a different set of technologies and their structure, show a different level of manufacturability, which is understood as the ratio of the volume of innovative to non-innovative products. The sensitivity of this parameter to investments in new and outdated technologies is also different, which cannot be taken into account in the formation of investment and technological development policies for both individual regions and Russia as a whole. Using structural and regression analysis, this study provides a picture of the structure of the technological Russian economy. It is shown that technological modernization also involves the movement of resources in the sectoral and regional context in order to eliminate structural and technological imbalances in development. Investment policy should be reduced not only to increasing investments, but also to managing their structure in conjunction with replacing old technologies in order to level and improve the overall manufacturability. This will require solving the promising problem of increasing the sensitivity of manufacturability to investments in new technologies. In the long term, this approach will make it possible to single out the modes of regional technological development, not only ranking regions in terms of sensitivity to new and old technologies, but also developing a selective set of regional policy measures.Keywords: “covid crisis”, economic growth, industrialization, investments, structural changes, structural dynamics, technologies, technological effectiveness of the regional economy.

scholarly journals Creation of a financial mechanism for ensuring sustainable economic growth of business in the context of global challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Gaukhar Kodasheva ◽  
Nadezda Piontkevich ◽  
Ekaterina Sheina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth ◽  
Reproductive Processes ◽  
Financial Mechanism

The vector of development of the Russian economy, which is aimed at sustainable economic growth of business, was threatened by unforeseen circumstances - the new coronavirus pandemic, which turned out to be one of the most powerful global external challenges for all leading national economies and the global business community as a whole. To overcome and minimize the consequences of the pandemic in the form of protracted economic crisis, the fall of the Russian currency, slow reproductive processes, a sharp decline in incomes and rise in unemployment, the almost complete stop of activities of business entities and investment processes, it is necessary for a state to take responsibility to stabilize the economy and rapid sustainable growth through the development and prompt implementation of a comprehensive plan for effective emergency measures to support the business, based on the implementation of which the authors propose a financial mechanism for ensuring sustainable economic growth of business.

scholarly journals Management of the Development and Implementation of New Generation Technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. Komkov ◽  
V. V. Sutyagin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Full Life Cycle ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Further Development

Purpose: to justification of the need to develop new-generation domestic technologies that ensure the competitiveness and stability of the Russian economy to external challenges. Using the laws of accelerated development of various systems, objects and processes of the material world will allow us to construct a mechanism for analysis, decision-making and management of the justification, development and implementation of new generation technologies.Methods: the research method is based on the generalization of forecasting the accelerated development of various processes under the conditions of growth restrictions, methods for constructing targeted information-logic models, decision-making methods for justifying the costs of upgrading one-generation technology options and analyzing domestic and foreign technology development experience new generation.Results: within the space of creation and development of new generation technologies, in accordance with the well-known concept of the full life cycle, the process of development and implementation of new generation technologies in the form of a logistic curve has been specified. The solution to the problem of managing the creation of new generation technologies is presented as the fastest possible implementation of projects to search for innovative solutions that meet the requirements of competitiveness. Mathematical models of the formulated problem are considered. Examples of practical tasks for managing the development and development of new generation technologies are given.Conclusions and Relevance: the dynamics of development and the economic conditions for the transition to technology modernization are determined by the need for further development of new generation technologies in the interests of full use of the innovative potential of this generation. Information-logical and mathematical models have been developed for making decisions on managing the justification of the necessary resources for the implementation of projects in the full cycle during the transition from innovative solutions to new technologies and innovative products.

scholarly journals Compressing Time and Constraining Space: The Contradictory Effects of ICT and Containerization on International Shipping Labour

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (S11) ◽  
pp. 123-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Sampson ◽  
Bin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
New Products ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
International Shipping ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
Work And Employment

The twentieth century has been a period of rapid change in terms of production and consumption, work, and employment. Much of this change has been driven by developments in technology or the application of new technologies to existing production systems and ways of ordering and organizing work. In characterizing such change, Schumpeter popularized the term innovation. In viewing innovation as the main engine of economic growth, Schumpeter was interested in the idea of the entrepreneur as innovator, not simply in terms of an agent for the introduction of new inventions but more broadly as an organizational innovator introducing new systems of work, new products, and new forms of production.

scholarly journals Economic Development of Russia in the Context of European and Central Asian Countries

Vestnik NSUEM ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
V. V. Smirnov ◽  
A. V. Mulendeeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
Economic Growth Rates

The article presents and discusses the results of the study aimed at carrying out complex analysis of the dynamics of economy of European and Central Asian countries and identification of supra-country forms of economic development of Russia. The study is based on the system approach using the methods of statistical, cluster and nonparametric analysis. The relevance of the study was justified; the retrospective of international scientific and technological cooperation between European and Central Asian countries was considered. Stability regarding Austria and Belgium was revealed following the assessment of the dynamics of economic growth of European and Central Asian countries. Russia, with low density of the population, is close to the country group with sustainable growth by the rate of unemployment, and far behind by GDP per capita. Russia is in the cluster with Germany, the interest of the latter is focused on Armenia and Kazakhstan. Substantial risks of recession emerging in Germany could have a negative impact on the development of Russian economy. The dynamics of economic development of European and Central Asian countries is caused by the differences in the population density and number of various minerals.Taking stand between the excessive potential of European knowledge (technologies) and minerals of Central Asia, Russia can create a supra-country form of development capable of ensuring stably high economic growth rates without using own minerals.The conclusions and results of the study may be highly sought by state authorities in the process of selection and justification of the supra-country forms of development of Russian economy in the context of international cooperation with European and Central Asian countries.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC POLICY OF GROWTH: SELECTION OF INSTITUTES AND TECHNOLOGICAL MODELS OF DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg SUKHAREV ◽  
Vladimir CHAPLYGIN
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Business Models ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Scientific Problem ◽  
Systems Research

Purpose – to study the possibilities of institutional theory to establish a modern theory of economic growth, including the factors of institutions and technologies changes. These factors are a set of rules with high coercive force to the agents’ action form a particular mode/model of their adaptation, together with other institutions. Research Methodology – the neoclassical models of economic growth, which may include institutional factors and to study their impact on the growth and change of the factors, into the business practice are applied. The key scientific problem is to choose the right market Institute for a proper way of technological development. The authors use the micro-level analysis of the agents and institutions’ interaction in the process of new technologies appearance. Morphological and taxonomic analysis in order to highlight the models of technological development and economic growth had been applied. Findings – the research results may enrich an economic theory and practice in the area of business models applicability. The findings may assist a business community to influence the general technological development within the national institutional systems. Research limitations – due to the fact that different institutions, structures and technologies act on the economic dynamics at the same time, separating their influence is an independent scientific problem that is not solved in all cases. However, the set of considered institutional factors forms and provides a kind of “manufacturability” of economic growth. Practical implications – the so-called institutional macroeconomics as a practical discipline (which has a very close connection with behavioural macroeconomics) may assist to explore the economic growth from the point of view of changing institutions (firms, business community), labour markets and information – technical and technological changes. Originality/Value – the value of the research consists in the systematization of institutional factors affecting the economic growth, conducting a morphological structural analysis of growth types, which allow identifying eight main growth trajectories in business activity.

scholarly journals Restoring Russia’s resource-dependent economy: From the Dutch Disease towards economic growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 28-47
Author(s):  
Konstantin P. Yurchenko ◽  
Irina N. Savelyeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Dutch Disease ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Short Time Series ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Short Time

The sharp decline in world oil prices in March 2020 due to difficulties in OPEC+ nego tiations and a drastic reduction in demand from the real sector caused by the Covid-19 pandem ic has seriously aggravated the problem of economic growth for resource-dependent economies. The paper aims to search for the trajectory for the resource-dependent countries to revamp their economies to return to sustainable growth. The research methodology includes fundamental theories of economic growth and theoretical propositions describing the behaviour of resourcedependent economies. Using the methods of correlation, graphical and comparative analysis to study short time series, the authors show that despite the severe short-term consequences, a steady decline in resource export revenues can trigger the process reverse to the Dutch dis ease. Its launch mechanism is going to be soaring prices of imported goods in the domestic market that will lead to a switch in demand for domestic substitutes under falling incomes. A similar process took place in Russia in 1998–1999, when a deep devaluation of the ruble led to the economic growth based on import substitution. Combining the experience of the Russian economy with the identified current peculiarities, the authors demonstrate that the growth can be restored given the country develops an updated strategy for structural development. Com paring the results obtained, the authors reach the conclusion that Russia is among the states that are able to successfully implement the possibility of structural economic transformation.

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