scholarly journals Biological method in monitoring small rivers of the Oka River basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Tatyana Guseva ◽  
Iyri Mazhayskiy
Keyword(s):  
Biological Monitoring ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Small River ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Saprobity Index ◽  
Periphyton Community ◽  
Chemical Indicators

The Oka basin is characterized by serious environmental problems associated with the depletion of water resources. Communities of aquatic organisms are the first to respond to negative changes in the aquatic environment, such communities are used as indicators in biological monitoring. The aim of the work was to assess the ecological state of the small river of the Oka basin by bioindication. The quality of the water in the reservoir was assessed by chemical indicators - biogenic and technogenic elements. The saprobity index of the reservoir was determined by the species diversity of periphyton. The results revealed technogenic and organic pollution of the small river. According to the results of biological monitoring, the value of the saprobity index is 2.85, which corresponds to class 4 of the reservoir quality, and the water is assessed as polluted. Monitoring the degree of pollution of the small river by the biodiversity of the periphyton community allows you to determine the degree of water pollution quickly.

scholarly journals Seasonal Changes and Spatial Variation in Water Quality of a Large Young Tropical Reservoir and Its Downstream River

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teck-Yee Ling ◽  
Norliza Gerunsin ◽  
Chen-Lin Soo ◽  
Lee Nyanti ◽  
Siong-Fong Sim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Tropical Reservoir ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Water Quality Deterioration ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

This study examined the water quality of the large young tropical Bakun hydroelectric reservoir in Sarawak, Malaysia, and the influence of the outflow on the downstream river during wet and dry seasons. Water quality was determined at five stations in the reservoir at three different depths and one downstream station. The results show that seasons impacted the water quality of the Bakun Reservoir, particularly in the deeper water column. Significantly lower turbidity, SRP, and TP were found during the wet season. At 3–6 m, the oxygen content fell below 5 mg/L and hypoxia was also recorded. Low NO2--N, NO3--N, and SRP and high BOD5, OKN, and TP were observed in the reservoir indicating organic pollution. Active logging activities and the dam construction upstream resulted in water quality deterioration. The outflow decreased the temperature, DO, and pH and increased the turbidity and TSS downstream. Elevated organic matter and nutrients downstream are attributable to domestic discharge along the river. This study shows that the downstream river was affected by the discharge through the turbines, the spillway operations, and domestic waste. Therefore, all these factors should be taken into consideration in the downstream river management for the health of the aquatic organisms.

scholarly journals ADSORPSI SENYAWA POLISIKLIK AROMATIK HIDROKARBON (PAH) OLEH KARBON AKTIF

OSEANA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Deny Yogaswara
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Carbon Adsorption

PAH ADSORPTION BY ACTIVATED CARBON. The growing population and the rapid economic development have led an increasing input of waste waters mainly from industries, agriculture and households into marine environment. In addition, discharge of maritime transportation and accidents of oil spills contribute to the marine as pollutants. The released compounds have dangerious effects, for example hazard to human health, hindrance to marine activities, and impairment of the quality of seawaters. Because of hydrophobic character, these compound contaminants tend to be adsorbed to sediment particles and therefore it could be considered as pollution reservoirs. They are also accumulated in the aquatic organisms and biomagnified in the food chains. Some contaminants pose a health risk to aquatic organisms and ultimately to humans who consume contaminated seafood. Therefore, study of activated carbon adsorption will reduce organic pollution such as PAH in marine environment.

Оценка степени антропогенной нагрузки в бассейне малой реки Альмы

2019 ◽  
pp. 04-12
Author(s):  
T. Ivankova
Keyword(s):  
Small River ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
Catchment Basin ◽  
Hydrochemical Regime ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
The Impact

Экологическое состояние бассейнов малых рек определяет водный и гидрохимический режим более крупных рек и месторождений подземных вод. Мероприятия, необходимые для улучшения состояния малой реки, выявляются на основе оценки экологического состояния ее водосбора. Проведена пространственная экологическая диагностика бассейна малой реки Альмы, расположенной в северной части Бахчисарайского района Крыма. Выявлена критическая экологическая ситуация в предгорной части бассейна реки. Эта территория, расположенная в зоне питания артезианского бассейна, создает потенциальную угрозу загрязнения подземных вод. Практическая значимость проведенной работы позволяет использовать результаты исследований в гидроэкологических целях при оценке экологического состояния ландшафтов, мониторинге воздействия антропогенных факторов на природную среду, планировании рекреационного освоения бассейна р. Альмы и подобных ей малых рек.The ecological state of small river basins determines the water and hydrochemical regime of larger rivers and groundwater deposits. Measures required to improve the conditions of a small river are identified on the basis of an assessment of the ecological state of its catchment basin. Spatial environmental diagnostics of the basin of the small Alma river, located in the northern part of the Bakhchisarai Region of Crimea, was carried out. The critical ecological situation in the piedmont part of the river basin has been identified. This area is located in the recharge zone of the artesian basin and poses risk as a potential source of groundwater pollution. The practical significance of this work provides for using research results for hydroecological purposes in assessing the ecological state of landscapes, monitoring the impact of anthropogenic factors on the environment, and planning recreational development of the basin of the Alma river and similar small rivers.

scholarly journals Communities of aquatic organisms in the system of ecological monitoring of streams at the Vostochny Cosmodrome (Russia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bezmaternykh D. M. 1 ◽  
Kirillov V. V. 1 ◽  
Vinokurova G. V. 1 ◽  
Vdovina O. N. 1 ◽  
Ermolaeva N. I. 1 ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Biological Monitoring ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Launch Site

The current data on the ecological state of streams at the launch site of the Vostochny Cosmodrome with the use of biological indicators are presented. Recommendations on the surface water biomonitoring of the cosmodrome and the booster rocket drop zones are given. It is shown that the system of biological monitoring of the cosmodrome, as a part of the Roscosmos environmental monitoring, should be coordinated with the Roshydromet monitoring. 

scholarly journals Impact of ponds and reservoirs construction on the environmental safety of small river basins of the steppe zone of Ukraine (the case of Dnipropetrovsk region)

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
V. G. Andrieiev ◽  
H. V. Hapich
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Hazards ◽  
Small River ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Ecological State

Formulation of the problem. For the last 30 years, water management in the basins of small rivers in the steppe zone of Ukraine has led to a deterioration of the environmental safety in water use. The current ecological state of small rivers is close to critical, and for today some river basins are subject to catastrophic environmental changes. Almost all small rivers from 70 to 100% in the south and central water-short regions of Ukraine are under regulation due to the construction of a large number of ponds and reservoirs. In most cases, this causes a lack of transportation and low self-cleaning ability. Thus, the conservation, restoration and rational use of water, based on the principles of basin management, should get started along with the improvement of the ecosystems of small rivers.Research results. The paper describes the dynamics of changes in water management, which shows a rapid increase in the number of new ponds in the period of 1990 - 2018 almost threefold. At the same time, the overall dynamics of water consumption in the region in the same period decreased fourfold. Unjustified imbalance between the construction of new facilities and water demand was determined, as well as non-compliance with the current statutory provisions. Due to the transformation of natural watercourses into cascades of "evaporator ponds" an ecologically dangerous transformation of small river basins with the change of hydrological, hydrochemical, hydrobiological and sanitary regimes takes place. To evaluate the level of environmental hazards associated with water management, it is proposed to determine the river fragmentation coefficient, which is the ratio of the number of ponds and reservoirs to the length of the river. When evaluating the environmental hazard for rivers in a specific territory (administrative area, district or catchment area), the fragmentation coefficient is determined by the ratio of the number of ponds and reservoirs to the size of the territory. Comparative analysis indicates that Dnipropetrovsk region is one of the most environmentally dangerous in terms of the negative impact of river basins fragmentation by artificial reservoirs. The case of a small river basin (the Nyzhnia Tersa River) presents the application of the approach to evaluate the level of environmental safety associated with water management. It is proposed a mechanism for increasing the level of environmental safety in water use by observing and implementing heterogeneous groups of indicators that determine the overall efficiency of the river ecosystem functioning.Conclusions. In order to stabilize and restore the hydrological and ecological state of small rivers in the steppe zone of Ukraine, it is important to: 1) make a detailed evaluation of the compliance of the available number of ponds and small reservoirs in river basins with the requirements of the Water Code of Ukraine; 2) prove ecologically and economically the feasibility of further operation for each individual reservoir and structure; 3) develop regional programs for the elimination of ponds and reservoirs that do not fulfil their water management functions and cause environmental hazards to the functioning of the river basin ecosystem; 4) improve methodological approaches to evaluation of the environmental safety of water facilities in small river basins.

Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Urban Discharge to Small River Basins in the South West of Sweden

1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wm. Hogland ◽  
R. Berndtsson
Keyword(s):  
River Basins ◽  
Small River ◽  
The South ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
South West ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Characteristics

The paper deals with the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of urban discharge. Ratios for urban discharge and recipient flow during different time intervals are presented and discussed. The quality of the urban discharge is illustrated through pollutographs.

APPLICATION OF THE PUMPKIN POMACE POWDER IN ENRICHED CRACKER TECHNOLOGY

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.М. ДЕРКАНОСОВА ◽  
И.И. ЗАЙЦЕВА ◽  
А.А. ЕМЕЛЬЯНОВ ◽  
Т.В. ПОНОМАРЕВА ◽  
А.А. СТАХУРЛОВА ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Mathematical Planning ◽  
Chemical Indicators ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Autolytic Activity ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Interstate Standard ◽  
Β Carotene

Рассмотрены аспекты применения вторичного продукта сокового производства – выжимок из тыквы, полученных конвективным вакуумным высушиванием при температуре, не превышающей 50°С, в качестве обогащающего пищевыми волокнами сырьевого ингредиента рецептуры крекера. Дана характеристика высушенных выжимок из тыквы сорта Мускатная. Приведены результаты исследования влияния порошка из выжимок тыквы дисперсностью от 63 до 125 мкм на хлебопекарные свойства муки – количество и качество клейковины, автолитическую активность. Обоснование рецептуры крекера с повышенным содержанием пищевых волокон и β-каротина проведено методом математического планирования – полный факторный эксперимент 22 с последующей оптимизацией методом ридж-анализа. Разработана производственная рецептура. Апробация разработанной рецептуры показала, что крекер с выжимками из тыквы в количестве 11,34 г/100 г муки имеет отличительные органолептические характеристики, обусловленные привкусом и ароматом тыквы, по физико-химическим показателям соответствует требованиям межгосударственного стандарта, по составу, г/100 г, пищевых волокон (3,4) и β-каротина (2,9) может быть отнесен к продукту – источнику пищевых волокон с высоким содержанием β-каротина. The aspects of the use of the secondary product of juice production – pumpkin pomace obtained by convection vacuum drying at a temperature not exceeding 50°C, as an enriching raw ingredient of the cracker formulation with food fibers are considered. The characteristics of dried pumpkin pomace of Muscatnaya variety are given. The results of the study of the influence of pumpkin pomace powder dispersion from 63 to 125 microns on the baking properties of flour – the quantity and quality of gluten, autolytic activity are adduced. The substantiation of the cracker formulation with high content of dietary fibers and β-carotene was carried out by the method of mathematical planning – a complete factorial experiment 22 with subsequent optimization method by ridge analysis. The production formulation is developed. Approbation of the developed formulation showed that the cracker with pumpkin extracts – 11,34 g/100 g of flour has distinctive organoleptic characteristics due to the taste and aroma of pumpkin, on physical and chemical indicators meets the requirements of the interstate standard, by composition, g/100 g, dietary fiber (3,4) and β-carotene (2,9) can be attributed to the product – a source of dietary fiber with a high content of β-carotene.

scholarly journals Investigation of Water Quality Parameters from Ramna, Crescent and Hatirjheel Lakes in Dhaka City

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
M Rehnuma ◽  
SS Tithi ◽  
MH Kabir ◽  
L Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Sound Environment ◽  
Surrounding Areas

The study was conducted to know the status of water quality of the Ramna, Crescent and Hatirjheel lakes in the Dhaka city. Water samples were collected from three different points of each lake and analyzed for various physicochemical parameters including temperature, pH, EC, TDS, DO, BOD, hardness, alkalinity, acidity during the period from November 2013 to April 2014. The mean temperature 22.54, 24.59 and 24.24°C; EC 15400, 282.00 and 618.27 ?Scm-1; TDS 85.38, 155.60 and 339.90 ppm; pH 7.73, 7.85 and 7.67; DO 3.51, 3.92 and 3.65 ppm; BOD 0.93, 0.73 and 3.15 ppm; hardness 95.00, 108.56 and 105.11 ppm; alkalinity 48.9, 120.7 and 249.1 ppm, and acidity 2.18, 2.67 and 2.05 ppm were investigated from Ramna, Crescent and Hatirjheel lakes, respectively. Lower concentration of DO was observed in all three lakes that severely harmed the aquatic organisms and degrade their habitat. The comparative study demonstrated that the concentration of BOD, EC, TDS, alkalinity and acidity of Hatirjheel Lake was higher than Ramna and Crescent lakes which indicated pollution of the lake water. The rain and storm water runoff, lack of awareness of people were responsible for the pollution of Ramna, Crescent and Hatirjheel lakes water. Connection of the sewerage line with the rain water collection channels and mixing of solid waste with lake water are the main reasons for pollution of Hatirjheel lake. Poor water quality of these lakes affects the ecosystem and aesthetic beauty negatively. To maintain the sound environment and healthy ecosystem of the lakes and the surrounding areas need proper management and monitoring and implementation of existing laws and regulations. Moreover public awareness is necessary otherwise it is hardly possible to maintain sound water quality of these three lakes.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 1-5 2015

scholarly journals Development and evaluation of the Lake Multi-biotic Integrity Index for Dongting Lake, China

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Wang ◽  
Binghui Zheng ◽  
Lusan Liu ◽  
Lijing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Dongting Lake ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Biotic Integrity ◽  
Diatom Index ◽  
Integrity Index ◽  
Biotic Integrity Index

<p>A Lake Multi-biotic Integrity Index (LMII) for the China’s second largest interior lake (Dongting Lake) was developed to assess the water quality status using algal and macroinvertebrate metrics. Algae and benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages were sampled at 10 sections across 3 subregions of Dongting Lake. We used a stepwise process to evaluate properties of candidate metrics and selected ten for the LMII: Pampean diatom index, diatom quotient, trophic diatom index, relative abundance diatoms, Margalef index of algae, percent sensitive diatoms, % facultative individuals, % Chironomidae individuals, % predators individuals, and total number of macroinvertebrate taxa. We then tested the accuracy and feasibility of the LMII by comparing the correlation with physical-chemical parameters. Evaluation of the LMII showed that it discriminated well between reference and impaired sections and was strongly related to the major chemical and physical stressors (r = 0.766, P&lt;0.001). The re-scored results from the 10 sections showed that the water quality of western Dongting Lake was good, while that of southern Dongting Lake was relatively good and whereas that of eastern Dongting Lake was poor. The discriminatory biocriteria of the LMII are suitable for the assessment of the water quality of Dongting Lake. Additionally, more metrics belonging to habitat, hydrology, physics and chemistry should be considered into the LMII, so as to establish comprehensive assessment system which can reflect the community structure of aquatic organisms, physical and chemical characteristics of water environment, human activities, and so on.</p>

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