scholarly journals Use of Filled Bioplastics in Construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 04013
Author(s):  
Ruslan Safin ◽  
Nour Galyavetdinov ◽  
Regina Salimgaraeva ◽  
Guzel Ilalova ◽  
Ksenia Saerova
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Polymer Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Filled Polymer ◽  
Sulfurous Acid ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
Reducing Substances

Polymers and associated composite materials play an increasingly prominent role among structural materials. The relevance of the use of bioplastics as an alternative to synthetic polymers increases year by year. In this regard, the paper describes the production of a ligno-filled polymer material based on polyhydroxyalkanoates to be used in the production of building materials. The studies allowed us to produce the material from wood hydrolyzates. The highest yield of reducing substances in course of pine sawdust hydrolysis with 4% sulfurous acid occurred at 170°C. To obtain a biopolymer in liquid wood hydrolyzate medium, the Cupriavidus necator strain was used, which after 50 hours of cultivation gave a biopolymer yield of up to 15 g/l. The studies of the strength characteristics of the composite based on the obtained bioplastic and dried solid wood hydrolysates allowed us to produce a balanced composition for subsequent use in construction.

scholarly journals Hydrolysis as a basis for processing vegetable waste into bioplastics

2020 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Guzel Ilalova ◽  
Ruslan Safin ◽  
Shamil Mukhametzyanov ◽  
Albina Gazizullina
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Main Reaction ◽  
Hydrolytic Cleavage ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Sulfurous Acid ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reducing Substances

The greening of processing waste from logging and woodworking industries involves measures to prevent the negative impact of production processes on the natural environment and is enabled by the development of resource-saving techniques that minimize harmful emissions to the environment. These production operations are based on hydrolytic cleavage of glycoside bonds of vegetable biomass polysaccharides with the formation of monosaccharides as the main reaction products. Despite the wide range of available methods of processing wood into promising materials (heat treatment, pyrolysis, hydrolysis, etc.), one of the most effective methods is to produce sugars by weak acids hydrolysis. In this regard, the paper describes the technology of high-temperature hydrolysis of pine sawdust with sulfurous acid in order to detect reducing substances (RS) in the hydrolysis residue. The paper considers the effect of sulfurous acid, temperature, and treatment time on the yield of RS.

Physical and Chemical Fundamentals of Building the Structure of Dispersed Filled Polymer Composite Materials and Nanocomposites

2021 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 694-700
Author(s):  
Igor D. Simonov-Emelyanov ◽  
Ksenia I. Kharlamova
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Polymer Composite Materials ◽  
Generalized Model ◽  
Filled Polymer ◽  
Dispersed Filler ◽  
Reduced Parameters ◽  
Maximum Proportion ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Questions of the construction of dispersed structures of polymer composite materials using a generalized model of dispersed filled polymer composite materials (DFPCM) are studied. Using the parameter of maximum proportion of filler (φm) allows you to take into account the size, shape, and distribution of part of the dispersed filler at the same time. The transition to generalized and specified parameters when describing the structure of the DFPCM leads to the possibility of highlighting the optimal criteria for obtaining systems with the highest strength characteristics. The transition to generalized and reduced parameters when describing the structure of DFPCM leads to the possibility of selecting optimal criteria that ensure obtaining systems with the necessary level of rheological, electrochemical, physico-mechanical and other characteristics.

scholarly journals Sound-Absorbing and Thermal-Insulating Properties of Cement Composite Based on Recycled Rubber from Waste Tires

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2725
Author(s):  
Jakub Svoboda ◽  
Tomáš Dvorský ◽  
Vojtěch Václavík ◽  
Jakub Charvát ◽  
Kateřina Máčalová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Waste Tires ◽  
Natural Aggregate ◽  
Thermal Insulating ◽  
Recycled Rubber ◽  
Insulating Properties

This article describes an experimental study aimed at investigating the potential use of recycled rubber granulate from waste tires of fractions 0/1 and 1/3 mm in cement composites as a 100% replacement for natural aggregates. The use of waste in the development and production of new building materials represents an important aspect for the sustainability and protection of the environment. This article is focused on the sound-absorbing and thermal-insulating properties of experimental cement composites based on recycled rubber from waste tires. The article describes the grain characteristics of recycled rubber, sound absorption capacity, thermal conductivity and strength characteristics. The results of this research show that the total replacement of natural aggregate with recycled rubber in cement composites is possible. Replacing natural aggregate with recycled rubber has significantly improved the thermal and acoustic properties of the prepared cement composites, however, at the same time; there was also the expected decrease in the strength characteristics due to the elasticity of rubber.

STRUCTURING OF CURED POLYMERIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS IN A MICROWAVE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
I. V. Zlobina
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Contact Interaction ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Polymeric Composite ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Polymer Composite Materials ◽  
Reinforcing Fibers ◽  
The Matrix

Based on studies of the microstructure of the matrix of cured polymer composite materials and the area of its contact interaction with reinforcing fibers, the hypothesis of its structuring in the microwave electromagnetic field with an increase in the contact interaction surfaces due to an increase in the number of agglomerates with small transverse dimensions and a decrease in porosity in the macro- and mesopore regions is substantiated. These effects can be used as a basis for increasing the strength characteristics and uniformity of their values after exposure to a microwave electromagnetic field. The results of this work can be used in the development of technologies for finishing hardening of products made of carbon and fiberglass for various transport and energy systems.

Developing Environmentally Sustainable and Cost-Effective Geopolymer Concrete with Improved Characteristics

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13607
Author(s):  
Alexey N. Beskopylny ◽  
Sergey A. Stel’makh ◽  
Evgenii M. Shcherban’ ◽  
Levon R. Mailyan ◽  
Besarion Meskhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Capital Construction

Improving the efficiency and quality of construction mainly depends on the cost of building materials, which is about 55–65% of total capital-construction costs. The study aimed to obtain geopolymer fine-grained concrete with improved quality characteristics that meet the construction field’s sustainable development criteria and that have environmental friendliness, economic efficiency, and advantages over competing analogues. The dependences of strength characteristics on various compositions of geopolymer concrete were obtained. It was found that the most effective activator is a composition of NaOH and Na2SiO3 with a ratio of 1:2. The increase in the indicators of the obtained geopolymer concrete from the developed composition (4A) in relation to the base control (1X) was 17% in terms of compressive strength and 24% in tensile strength in bending. Polynomial equations were obtained showing the dependence of the change in the strength characteristics of geopolymer concrete on the individual influence of each of the activators. A significant effect of the composition of the alkaline activator on the strength characteristics of geopolymer fine-grained concrete was noted. The optimal temperature range of heat treatment of geopolymer concrete samples, contributing to the positive kinetics of compressive strength gain at the age of 28 days, was determined. The main technological and recipe parameters for obtaining geopolymers with the desired properties, which meet the ecology requirements and are efficient from the point of view of economics, were determined.

scholarly journals Elaboration and Characterization of Composite Materials Based on Plaster-Gypsum and Mineral Additives for Energy Efficiency in Buildings

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Bouzit ◽  
Taha
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Acoustic Performance ◽  
Mineral Additives

The building sector is one of the largest energy consumers in the world, prompting scientific researchers to find solutions to the problem. The choice of appropriate building materials presents a considerable challenge for improving the thermal comfort of buildings. In this scenario, plaster-based insulating materials have more and more interests and new applications, such as insulating coatings developing the building envelope. Several works are being done to improve energy efficiency in the building sector through the study of building materials with insulation quality and energy savings. In this work, new composite materials, plaster-gypsum with mineral additives are produced and evaluated experimentally to obtain low-cost materials with improved thermo-physical and acoustic properties. The resulting composites are intended for use in building walls. Plaster-gypsum is presented as a high-performance thermal material, and mineral additives are of great importance because of their nature and are environmentally friendly. Measurements of thermal properties are carried and measurements of acoustic properties. The results show that it is possible to improve the thermal and acoustic performance of building material by using plaster as a base material and by incorporating thermal insulators. The thermal conductivity of plaster alone is greater than that of plaster with mineral additives, offer interesting thermal and acoustic performance. By varying the additives, the thermal conductivity changes. Finally, comparing the results, plaster with mineral additives is considered the best building material in this study

scholarly journals Wall Panel Made of Bio-composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Lukáš Bosák ◽  
Milan Palko
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Environmental Load ◽  
Wall Panel ◽  
Outer Envelope ◽  
Composite Wall ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Eu

Sustainability is currently an important part of the building industry. The development of new building constructions and the use of ecological materials is a very popular topic in this area. One example of organic material are natural fibres bio-composites. Bio-composite materials are currently used in the form of laminates mainly used in the sport and furniture industries. This article addresses their use in the building industry as the outer envelope of buildings. The article deals with the testing of the influence of UV radiation and moisture on the degradation of Bio-composites with recommendation of possible ways of their protection. In the next section, it deals with the design of composite wall panel with Bio-composite laminates on the top layer. This panel will contain mycelium as thermal insulation. The assumption of the use of this type of construction in the building industry is based on the possibility of replacing conventional materials used nowadays and reducing the environmental load by the building industry. The use of new types of eco-friendly building materials is in accordance with the EU strategy.

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