scholarly journals Distribution of heavy metals in plant communities of the West Siberian Arctic and Subarctic

2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Elena Popova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
The West ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Siberian Arctic ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals ◽  
Long Time ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

The paper presents the results of comprehensive studies on the problem of formation of a deposit of heavy metals in plant communities of the West Siberian Arctic and Subarctic. The regularities of the concentration and redistribution of heavy metals in the soil-plant system have been revealed. Excessive accumulation of heavy metals by different plant species is limited by the selectivity of root absorption in relation to certain elements, and therefore it is important to calculate the coefficient of biological absorption. The interrelation between the intensity of recreational loading and change in the nature, grass cover structure.Among the identified pollutants that accumulate by plants identified a group of heavy metals and microelements (Pb, Sr, Cu, Zn, Ni ). It is shown that the linear dependence of the accumulation of metals in the system “soil-plant” is observed only in the range of low concentrations of pollutants in the ground growing. With high concentrations the reverse dependence occurs. Formulated, justified and tested methodical approaches to preparation of complex long-time observations of the natural ecosystems.

scholarly journals The effects of the tylosin and Cd on soil enzyme activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 01032
Author(s):  
Zhaohong Meng ◽  
Shuman Wang ◽  
Jia Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activity ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Long Time ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Microbial Environment

Soil microbial environment have been affected by different concentration heavy metals Cd (HM) and tylosin (TYL) and combination of TYL and HM interactions. Degradation of TYL was caused certain inhibition due to the addition of HM. The germination index of seed had been inhibited owing to the toxic effects of HM and TYL, but we found that the low concentrations of HM (4 mg/kg), the germination index higher than the soil which unadded HM and TYL in it. The soil enzyme activity was significantly suppressed by the addition of HM and TYL. Actinomycete was inhibited by high concentrations of HM for a long time. The studies demonstrated that the pollution of the soil micro-environment has been serious than only add HM or TYL in the soil.

scholarly journals Accumulation of heavy metals in birch and pine forest roadside phytocenoses in the south of Tyumen region

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-238
Author(s):  
E. I. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
The South ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Complex Investigation ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth ◽  
The Stability

We conducted a complex investigation of anthropogenic roadside phytocoenoses. For the study, 8 plots (birch and pine forests) were selected, close to roads in the south of Tyumen region within the five administrative districts: Uporovsky, Zavodoukovsky, Yalutorovskiy, Yarkovsky, and Tobolsk. As a result of the studies, 75 species of vascular plants from 21 families were noted in the plant communities. It was found that the majority of the total projective cover of the plant communities was provided by synanthropic species. In the synanthropic fraction of the flora, 33 species belonging to 11 families were identified, those with the most species being: Scrophulariaceae, Compositeae, Rubiaceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Polygonaceae, Umbellíferae. The index of synanthropization of the flora of the studied phytocenoses is in the range from 43% to 64%. Among the identified pollutants accumulated in the phytocenoses, the group of heavy metals was identified (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sr, Zn). Needles of Pinus sylvestris L. mainly accumulate Cr, Cu, Ni, Sr. The greatest concentration of Pb and Zn was found in the leaves of Betula pendula Roth. The content of other heavy metals in the leaves of Betula pendula Roth. during the growing season was relatively stable. Accumulation of heavy metals in the studied components of forest ecosystems can be displayed structurally: soil > leaves < phytomass (birch forests), soil < needles > phytomass (pine forests). Methodological approaches to conducting a complex of long-term observations of natural ecosystems have been formulated, substantiated and justified. To evaluate the absorption efficiency of heavy metals, the biological absorption coefficient was calculated. The obtained results can be used as a control in the study of migration and accumulation of heavy metals and for assessing the degree of anthropogenic load on phytocenoses of roadside ecosystems and predict the extent of probable changes in them. The forecast of the results will facilitate the elaboration of a necessary system of measures aimed at increasing the stability of plant communities.

The Accumulation of Metals in Caloplaca Aurantia Growing on Concrete Roof Tiles

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Garty ◽  
Margalith Galun ◽  
Y. Hochberg
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Polluted Area ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Heavily Polluted Area

AbstractThe lichen Caloplaca aurantia, when growing on concrete roof tiles, accumulates high concentrations of heavy metals. The uptake correlates with the ambient metal concentration. The results of lichen and substratum analyses of samples from a heavily polluted area indicate that the concentrations of metals in the lichen are many times higher than in the substratum. The relative content of the eight metals, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Ni and Cd was determined. The content of Fe, Cr, Ni and Cd was not significantly different in the various tile zones sampled. Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni and Cd were mainly taken up by the lichen directly from the atmosphere. The uptake of these metals from the tile is almost negligible. The maximum uptake of Pb by C. aurantia from the tile glaze was 10.95°° of the total amount in the lichen. The presence of the lichen on the tiles prevents the penetration of Pb, Zn and Mn into the substratum.

Kandungan Merkuri dalam Ikan Konsumsi di Wilayah Bantul dan Yogyakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suratno Suratno ◽  
Muhammad Reza Cordova ◽  
Silke Arinda
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Mercury Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
The People ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Saltwater Fish ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Long Time

<strong>Mercury Content in Commercial Fishes of Bantul Areas and Yogyakarta. </strong> Mercury Content in Commercial Fishes of Bantul Areas and Yogyakarta Fish is an important energy source for the body and has many functions for human health. Hence, the fish are highly favored for consumption by the public. However, the fish has the ability to accumulate heavy metals. One type of dangerous heavy metals and can accumulate in fish is mercury because it has high toxicity at low concentrations. The presence of contaminants from anthropogenic activities that are not processed previously, makes the fish a potential hoarder for heavy metals. This study examined the concentration of mercury in freshwater fish and saltwater fish consumed by the people of Bantul areas and Yogyakarta. Fish samples were collected on 29–30 August 2015 from Prawirotaman Market, supermarket, Embankment on the River Code, and purchased from fishermen in Depok Beach. Analysis of mercury concentrations in fish was done using mercury analyzer NIC MA-3000. The results indicated that the fish with the eating habits of benthivore and planktivore accumulated higher mercury than omninore and carnivore fish. The concentration of mercury in the fish examined does not exceed the threshold of the WHO standard, BPOM-RI, and European Union standards. However, the people need to be alert on mercury bioaccumulative properties, especially when consuming the fish having accumulated mercury continuously for a long time.

scholarly journals Heavy metals uptake by hyperaccumulating flora in some serpentine soils of Kosovo

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-222 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ultramafic Rocks ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Serpentine Soils ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Heavy Metals Uptake

<p>Ultramafics represent magmatic or metamorphic rocks which are characterized by high concentrations of Mg, Fe, Ni, Cr and Co and low concentrations of Ca, and K. Serpentine soils are weathered products of a range of ultramafic rocks composed of ferromagnesian silicates. The aim of this study was to determine the content of heavy metals in some of serpentine soils of Kosovo and heavy metals uptake by entire associated flora. Furthermore, another objective of this study was finding out bioavailable Ca/Mg relationship, which is very important indicator for plants&rsquo; development. The sampling was conducted in June 2014. A total of three serpentine areas have been surveyed and 7 soil samples have been taken in various depths of soil profiles. Those samples were analyzed for total Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Fe and Zn. Results showed that each site exhibited a high concentration of at least one metal. The maximum concentrations of metals in soils Dry Matter (DM) were 108.9 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> Cd, 95.8 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> Co, 1206 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> Cr, 24 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> Cu, 2570 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> Ni, 21.7 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> Pb, 39 mg kg<sup>-1</sup> Zn, and 51563 mg kg<sup>- </sup>Fe. The serpentine soils at all sites were characterized by elevated levels of heavy metals, which showed typical properties of ultramafic environments. Nickel Total at studied areas varied between 1543 and 2570 mg kg<sup>-1</sup>, while the highest Ni concentration was found in aerial part of Alyssum markgrafii (4038 mgkg<sup>-1</sup>),</p> <div> <p>Based on our findings on the field we concluded that there is a close relationship between the quantity of Ni in soil and Ni uptake in plants.</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

Effects of Natural Organic Matter on Heavy Metal Transport during Infiltration

1996 ◽  
Vol 1523 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
Ronan V. Igloria ◽  
Wade E. Hathhorn ◽  
David R. Yonge
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Highway Runoff ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations

Washington State, like many others, has begun a program to dispose of highway runoff in which a priority has been given to the use of infiltration technologies (e.g., infiltration basins, dry wells, etc.). Heavy metals are of particular interest, because they are the most prevalent priority pollutant in highway runoff. Though traditionally these heavy metals are thought to possess relatively large retardation factors within the subsurface, previous studies have indicated a possibility of their transport being facilitated through complexation with natural organic matter (NOM). If ignored, this form of transport may pose serious errors in the prediction of metal breakthrough times and mass loadings to underlying groundwaters. In addressing this issue, large-scale soil columns are tested under loading conditions similar to actual infiltration best management practices to assess the performance of these facilities in removing heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) from infiltrating water. Experiments were performed investigating the effects of high and low concentrations of NOM on metals attenuation by field soils. Results show that high concentrations of NOM actually improved soil column attenuation of the metals.

scholarly journals Resistance to and Accumulation of Heavy Metals by Actinobacteria Isolated from Abandoned Mining Areas

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraia El Baz ◽  
Mohamed Baz ◽  
Mustapha Barakate ◽  
Lahcen Hassani ◽  
Abdelhay El Gharmali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal Resistance ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Mining Residues ◽  
Different Levels

Accumulation of high concentrations of heavy metals in environments can cause many human health risks and serious ecological problems. Nowadays, bioremediation using microorganisms is receiving much attention due to their good performance. The aim of this work is to investigate heavy metals resistance and bioaccumulation potential of actinobacteria strains isolated from some abandoned mining areas. Analysis of mining residues revealed that high concentration of zinc “Zn” was recorded in Sidi Bouatman, Arbar, and Bir Nhass mining residues. The highest concentration of lead “Pb” was found in Sidi Bouatman. Copper “Cu,” cadmium “Cd,” and chromium “Cr” were found with moderate and low concentrations. The resistance of 59 isolated actinobacteria to the five heavy metals was also determined. Using molecular identification 16S rRNA, these 27 isolates were found to belong toStreptomycesandAmycolatopsisgenera. The results showed different levels of heavy metal resistance; the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) recorded was 0.55 for Pb, 0.15 for Cr, and 0.10 mg·mL−1for both Zn and Cu. Chemical precipitation assay of heavy metals using hydrogen sulfide technic (H2S) revealed that only 27 isolates have a strong ability to accumulate Pb (up to 600 mg of Pb per g of biomass forStreptomycessp. BN3).

scholarly journals Characterization and mechanism of lead and zinc biosorption by growing Verticillium insectorum J3

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong-ling Feng ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Ke-lin Li ◽  
Kun Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Intracellular Accumulation ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Pellet Morphology ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Desorption Experiment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Heavy Metal Waste

AbstractVerticillium insectorum J3 was isolated from a local lead-zinc deposit tailing, and its biosorption characteristics and reaction to the toxicities of different Pb(II) and Zn(II) concentrations were investigated. SEM, FTIR, a pH test and a desorption experiment were carried out to identify a possible mechanism. The biosorption of J3 presented an inhibition trend at low concentrations (25-75 mg L-1) and promotion at high concentrations (100-300 mg L-1). J3 absorbed Pb(II) prior to Zn(II) and produced alkaline substances, while mycelial and pellet morphology modifications were important for the removal of Pb(II) and Zn(II) under different stressful conditions (SEM results). Both intracellular accumulation and extracellular absorption may contribute to the removal of Pb(II) at lower concentrations (25-50 mg L-1), although mainly extracellular biosorption occurred at higher concentrations (75-300 mg L-1). However, Zn(II) bioaccumulation occurred at all concentrations assayed. Verticillium insectorum J3 may have evolved active defenses to alleviate the toxicity of heavy metals and proved to be a highly efficient biosorbent, especially for Pb(II) at high concentrations. This study is a useful reference for the development of biotreatment technologies to mitigate heavy metal waste.

scholarly journals Ecological role of Ulmus pumila L. in limitation of heavy metals input into the environment of some anthropogenic areas of Trans-Baikal Territory

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Lubov Viktorovna Kopylova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

The paper deals with the most negative pollution of the environment - heavy metal pollution. We describe the main sources of heavy metal input to soils, their form and character of distribution on the surface of land. The paper presents the research data on study of plants capacity to accumulate different microelements including heavy metals. We study the Trans-Baikal Territory as the oldest mining territory which has been influenced by different anthropogenic factors. The urgency of this study is determined by the fact that it is important to reveal species capable of accumulating heavy metals in their organs and tissues for the purpose of improving and supporting the ecological balance of anthropogenic territories. We describe Siberian elm ( Ulmus pumila L.), a tree species often used in urban lands greening. The research findings on determination of content and characteristic features of some heavy metals accumulation in Ulmus pumila L. organs (leaves, roots, bark) in anthropogenic conditions are discussed. We analyze the data on accumulation of heavy metals (Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Cr, Sr, Rb, Ti) in soil of test sites and the studied organs of Ulmus pumila L. It has been determined that Ulmus pumila L. accumulates all heavy metals studied in different quantities, accumulating their high concentrations mainly in the root and bark. This species accumulates Fe, Sr, Mn, Ti, Zn most of all, it accumulates less quantities of Rb, Cu, Cr и Ni. Excessive accumulation of heavy metals by the studied species is associated with its location. Thus, we have determined the possible use of Ulmus pumila L. as a natural biofilter limiting the input of heavy metals into the anthropogenic territories environment.

Gill tissue recovery after copper exposure in Carassius gibelio (Pisces: Cyprinidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1112-1118
Author(s):  
Iliana Velcheva ◽  
Elenka Georgieva ◽  
Pepa Atanassova
Keyword(s):  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Carassius Gibelio ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Secondary Lamellae ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Gill Structure ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Tissue Recovery

AbstractWe investigated the influence of copper in a long-time treatment with concentrations of 0.05 mg L−1 and 0.1 mg L−1 to track the histopathological changes in gills of Carassius gibelio, and to find at what extent they will recover after the effect of the copper concentrations stops. Treatment with copper lasted 21 days and the recovery time was of the same duration. The results of histological examination showed degenerative changes (resulting in thinner secondary lamellae and filamentary epithelium), and hyperplastic and hypertrophic changes (proliferation, vasodilatation, aneurysms, epithelial interstitial edema, and fusion) in gills under the influence of two concentrations. The degenerative changes have higher prevalence at low concentrations, while hyperplastic and hypertrophic ones — at high concentrations. After the period of recovery they remained the same, but the extent of expression on the surface of gill filaments changed. The long-time copper intoxication in low concentrations of copper affects gill structure, causing severe changes whose recovery is a slow process that requires a longer period of time.

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