The Accumulation of Metals in Caloplaca Aurantia Growing on Concrete Roof Tiles

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Garty ◽  
Margalith Galun ◽  
Y. Hochberg
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Polluted Area ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Heavily Polluted Area

AbstractThe lichen Caloplaca aurantia, when growing on concrete roof tiles, accumulates high concentrations of heavy metals. The uptake correlates with the ambient metal concentration. The results of lichen and substratum analyses of samples from a heavily polluted area indicate that the concentrations of metals in the lichen are many times higher than in the substratum. The relative content of the eight metals, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Ni and Cd was determined. The content of Fe, Cr, Ni and Cd was not significantly different in the various tile zones sampled. Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni and Cd were mainly taken up by the lichen directly from the atmosphere. The uptake of these metals from the tile is almost negligible. The maximum uptake of Pb by C. aurantia from the tile glaze was 10.95°° of the total amount in the lichen. The presence of the lichen on the tiles prevents the penetration of Pb, Zn and Mn into the substratum.

The genetic diversity of Asplenium viride (Aspleniaceae) fern colonizing heavy metal-polluted sites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Woch ◽  
Grzegorz ◽  
Iwona Jedrzejczyk ◽  
Marek Podsiedlik ◽  
Anna Stefanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
New Genotype ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract Heavy metals can affect the morphology, physiology and evolution of plants. Asplenium viride is a diploid species, belonging to the largest genus of the cosmopolitan fern family Aspleniaceae, and occurring on various types of alkaline rocks. It is known to colonize sites with high concentrations of heavy metals, exhibiting changes in frond morphology. Microevolutionary processes, manifesting as changes in genome size and new genotype formation, can ultimately lead to the formation of new subspecies and speciation. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological and genetic diversity of A. viride, and to test for a potential correlation between variability and heavy metal concentration. Analysis of A. viride specimens, from one metalliferous site and five non-metalliferous localities, showed no apparent variation in genome size between plants from affected and non-affected sites. There was no significant correlation between genetic variability and heavy metal concentration. This was possibly due to intragametophytic selfing, caused by patchy habitats and subsequent founder effects, resulting from long-distance colonization by single spores.

scholarly journals Distribution of heavy metals in plant communities of the West Siberian Arctic and Subarctic

2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Elena Popova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
The West ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Siberian Arctic ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals ◽  
Long Time ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

The paper presents the results of comprehensive studies on the problem of formation of a deposit of heavy metals in plant communities of the West Siberian Arctic and Subarctic. The regularities of the concentration and redistribution of heavy metals in the soil-plant system have been revealed. Excessive accumulation of heavy metals by different plant species is limited by the selectivity of root absorption in relation to certain elements, and therefore it is important to calculate the coefficient of biological absorption. The interrelation between the intensity of recreational loading and change in the nature, grass cover structure.Among the identified pollutants that accumulate by plants identified a group of heavy metals and microelements (Pb, Sr, Cu, Zn, Ni ). It is shown that the linear dependence of the accumulation of metals in the system “soil-plant” is observed only in the range of low concentrations of pollutants in the ground growing. With high concentrations the reverse dependence occurs. Formulated, justified and tested methodical approaches to preparation of complex long-time observations of the natural ecosystems.

Metals Removal and Recovery by Arthrobacter sp. Biomass

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2149-2152 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Grappelli ◽  
L. Campanella ◽  
E. Cardarelli ◽  
F. Mazzei ◽  
M. Cordatore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Real Possibility ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Metal Capture ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals ◽  
Removal And Recovery

Experiments on the real possibility of employing microorganisms to capture inorganic polluting substances, mainly heavy metals from urban and industrial wastes, are running using bacteria biomass. Many strains of Arthrobacter spp., gram-negative bacteria, diffused in the soil also inacondition of environmental stresses, have been proved to be particulary effective in heavy metal capture (Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn). The active and passive processes in accumulation of metals by bacteria were studied. Our experiments have been done on fluid biomass and on a membrane both for practical use and for an easy recovery.

scholarly journals Spatial Variation of Water Chemistry in Aries River Catchment Western Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6592
Author(s):  
Ana Moldovan ◽  
Maria-Alexandra Hoaghia ◽  
Anamaria Iulia Török ◽  
Marius Roman ◽  
Ionut Cornel Mirea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to investigate the quality and vulnerability of surface water (Aries River catchment) in order to identify the impact of past mining activities. For this purpose, the pollution and water quality indices, Piper and Durov plots, as well vulnerability modeling maps were used. The obtained results indicate that the water samples were contaminated with As, Fe, Mn, Pb and have relatively high concentrations of SO42−, HCO3−, TDS, Ca, K, Mg and high values for the electrical conductivity. Possible sources of the high content of chemicals could be the natural processes or the inputs of the mine drainage. Generally, according to the pollution indices, which were correlated to high concentrations of heavy metals, especially with Pb, Fe and Mn, the water samples were characterized by heavy metals pollution. The water quality index classified the studied water samples into five different classes of quality, namely: unsuitable for drinking, poor, medium, good and excellent quality. Similarly, medium, high and very high vulnerability classes were observed. The Durov and Piper plots classified the waters into Mg-HCO3− and Ca-Cl− types. The past and present mining activities clearly change the water chemistry and alter the quality of the Aries River, with the water requiring specific treatments before use.

Industrial and agricultural effects on water environment and its optimization in heavily polluted area in Taihu Lake Basin, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixia Zhao ◽  
Bensheng You ◽  
Xuejun Duan ◽  
Stewart Becky ◽  
Xiaowei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Taihu Lake ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Polluted Area ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Taihu Lake Basin ◽  
Heavily Polluted Area

Determination of As, Cd, Ni and Pb in PM10 – comparison of different sample work-up and analysis methods/Bestimmung von As, Cd, Ni und Pb in PM10 – Vergleich verschiedener Probenaufbereitungs- und Analysenverfahren

Gefahrstoffe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (06) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Beslic ◽  
J. Burger ◽  
F. Cadoni ◽  
D. Centioli ◽  
I. Kranjc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Work Up

In 2015 the European Joint Research Center (JRC) for air quality in Ispra, Italy, carried out an intercomparison for the determination of PM10 and PM2.5 in ambient air. Five laboratories also analyzed the content of heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, lead and nickel) in PM10 from filter samples collected during the intercomparison. Thus, all steps from sampling in the field to instrumental quantification of heavy metals in the laboratory could be statistically analyzed. The different techniques of sampling and sample work-up had no significant influence on the analysis results. However, the method of instrumental analysis strongly influenced them: The results of laboratories using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS) coincided well in most cases. For laboratories using the Energy Dispersed X-Ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF) technique the uncertainty of the results strongly depended on the metal concentration. For cadmium the concentrations generally were too low for analysis by ED-XRF, for arsenic, lead and nickel the relative uncertainties decreased exponentially with increasing concentrations. The relation between metal concentration and the relative uncertainty of analysis results could be described as power functions. Analysis of lead and nickel by ED-XRF is well possible in the range of the EU limit and target values for these metals.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of leaves of a mangrove tree (Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham.) and their correlation with some soil variables

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashafaque Ahmed ◽  
Mikael Ohlson ◽  
Sirajul Hoque ◽  
Md Golam Moula
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Sonneratia Apetala ◽  
Mangrove Tree ◽  
Soil Variables ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Concentrations

Chemical composition of leaves of Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. collected from three islands (chars) representing three hydrological regimes in a segment of the coastal zone of Bangladesh was studied. Their relations to some soil chemical and physical variables have also been investigated. The results showed that concentrations of B, C, Fe, Ga, Li, Mg, Mn, N, Na, P, Zn and Sr in leaves of S. apetala grown in different islands differed significantly. It was also revealed that some heavy metals, viz. Mn, Fe, Al, Sr and Ti showed wide range of concentrations. The leaves from one of the locations in Motherbunia island were characterized by exceptional high concentrations of heavy metals such as Al, As, Cu, Fe, Li, Ni, Pb that may be due to local contamination. Leaves sampled in the most seaward locations of the same island had highest concentrations of Ba, Ca, Cu, Mn and Na. High Mn concentration was found in the leaves of S. apetala of Motherbunia island. Correlations among soil and plant samples were generally very weak and organic matter content of soil did not appear to play a significant role in the nutrient supply of S. apetala. Key words: Coastal zone; tidal inundation; elemental concentration; Sonneratia apetala DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v39i1.5528Bangladesh J. Bot. 39(1): 61-69, 2010 (June)

scholarly journals Metallothionein and Glutathione Content as Biomarkers of Metal Pollution in Mussels and Local Fishermen in Abu Qir Bay, Egypt

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 50-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziza A. Saad ◽  
Amany El-Sikaily ◽  
Hany Kassem
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Abu Qir Bay

Background. When heavy metals accumulate in air, soil, and water, the risk of human exposure increases among industrial workers, as well as in people living near polluted areas. Heavy metals adversely affect a variety of bodily systems such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, immune, and reproductive systems. In addition, long-term exposure and accumulation of heavy metals in the body may disturb oxidative stress genes and thus increase the susceptibility to various diseases. Objectives. The aim of this study is to estimate the metallothionein concentration in both mussel samples from Abu Qir Bay, Egypt and the blood of local fishermen as a biomarker of exposure to metal pollution. Methods. Levels of metallothionein and heavy metals were measured in mussels. Blood levels of metallothionein and heavy metals of local fishermen were measured and compared with a control group. The effect of heavy metal exposure on oxidative stress status was investigated through the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase and glutathione content. Results. The results of this study showed high concentrations of metallothionein in mussels and in fishermen's blood, accompanied by high concentrations of metals such as cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn). At the same time, a significant decrease in glutathione content and catalase enzyme activity was associated with a significant increase in the malondialdehyde concentrations in sera of fishermen. Conclusions. The present study found that the El Maadiya region is polluted with heavy metals, inducing oxidative stress in fishermen in the vicinity. These results reveal the necessity of further environmental monitoring in the study area in order to evaluate other types of pollutants and their effects on human health.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF LEACHATE AT IHIAGWA DUMPSITE, IMO STATE NIGERIA AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR SURFACE WATER POLLUTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
CT Nelson ◽  
GT Amangabara ◽  
CO Owuama ◽  
CN Nzeh ◽  
CN Uyo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
Total Chloride ◽  
Metal Cyanide ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Open dumpsite is the most common way to eliminate solid urban wastes in this part of the world. An important problem associated to landfills and open dumpsite is the production of leachates. The leachates from these dumpsites have many toxic substances, which may adversely affect the environmental health. Thus in order to have a better management of characteristics of Ihiagwa-Nekede waste dump leachates, representative leachate samples were collected and analyzed for Physico-chemical properties and levels of heavy metals in them. Results indicate pH7.38, temperature 28.30 ℃ - 28.40℃, total dissolved solid 124.01mg/l-125.45mg/l, magnesium hardness 4.40mg/l-7.32mg/l, sulphate 3.60mg/l-3.70mg/l, and nitrate 27.00mg/l-27.60mg/l. Other parameters indicated as follows Conductivity1910𝜇𝑠/𝑐𝑚-1930.00 𝜇𝑠/𝑐𝑚, total chloride 891.72mg/l-891.74mg/l, carbonate 1708.00mg/l-1904.00mg/l, Ammonia 9.39mg/l-9.40mg/l, calcium hardness 373.17mg/l-375.61mg/l, total solid 2423.00mg/l-2454.00mg/l, phosphate 13.52mg/l-13.54mg/l. The heavy metal: cyanide 2.25mg/l-2.33mg/l, zinc 18.08mg/l-18.38mg/l, copper 19.90mg/l20.48mg/l, iron10.67mg/l-10.82mg/l, lead 1.27mg/l-1.41mg/l, and manganese 3.00mg/l-3.61mg/l, all these exceeded the WHO standards. The obtained results showed that the landfill leachates are characterized by high concentrations of heavy metals and other disease causing elements and therefore require urgent treatment to forestall the contamination of groundwater system and the nearby Otamiri River.

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