scholarly journals Challenges of small-scale standalone solar energy supply in parts of Lagos via 39 years dataset

2021 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
M.E. Emetere ◽  
S.A. Afolalu
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Product Regulatory ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
The Tropics

The adoption of solar energy as a sustainable clean type of energy can be seen globally by the patronage of solar devices. However, the high patronage photovoltaic (PV) module by the small-scale standalone user may be mitigated by the recent high maintenance cost via PV module damages by UV radiation. This study analyzed thirty-nine years (1980-2018) shortwave dataset in the tropics to chart the way forward for PV user, manufacturer, and regulatory organizations. It was observed that there is an increase in shortwave radiation in recent times that has led to more damages to PV modules. However, there is a statistical possibility that there may be lower shortwave radiation in the next decade, thereby reducing PV module damage. It is recommended that PV manufacture should modify the PV polymeric to shield the PV modules from UV radiation damage. Based on this research’s finding, it is recommended that product regulatory organizations develop a new technique to monitor PV modules.

Study of PV Module Methylmetacrylate Encapsulation

2006 ◽  
Vol 945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Karabanov ◽  
Yuri Kukhmistrov
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
New Method ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Encapsulation Method ◽  
Positive Results

ABSTRACTThe paper deals with the study of PV module encapsulation using liquid methylmetacrylate composition hardened by UV radiation. The solar cells encapsulation method by methylmetacrylate composition in the glass-glass and glass PET-foil constructions of PV modules is investigated. The UV hardening modes of methylmetacrylate composition are investigated and developed. The studied method allows to eliminate heating during encapsulation and reduce the PV module production cost. The new method makes it possible to encapsulate solar cells on any substrates, including easily melted polymeric ones, and also in the glass-glass construction.The structure and technological modes of liquid methylmetacrylate composition hardening during encapsulation have been investigated and selected. PV modules investigation for the resistance to external actions according to IEC61215 standard procedure provided positive results

Performansi aktual modul photovoltaik dengan pengarah matahari

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalaluddin . ◽  
Baharuddin Mire
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Local Time ◽  
Performance Characteristic ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Experiment Data ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Pv Modules

Actual performance of photovoltaic module with solar tracking is presented. Solar radiation can be converted into electrical energy using photovoltaic (PV) modules. Performance of polycristalline silicon PV modules with and without solar tracking are investigated experimentally. The PV module with dimension 698 x 518 x 25 mm has maximum power and voltage is 45 Watt and 18 Volt respectively. Based on the experiment data, it is concluded that the performance of PV module with solar tracking increases in the morning and afternoon compared with that of fixed PV module. It increases about 18 % in the morning from 10:00 to 12:00 and in the afternoon from 13:30 to 14:00 (local time). This study also shows the daily performance characteristic of the two PV modules. Using PV module with solar tracking provides a better performance than fixed PV module. 

scholarly journals A Simple Mismatch Mitigating Partial Power Processing Converter for Solar PV Modules

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2308
Author(s):  
Kamran Ali Khan Niazi ◽  
Yongheng Yang ◽  
Tamas Kerekes ◽  
Dezso Sera
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Loss Analysis ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
In Series

Partial shading affects the energy harvested from photovoltaic (PV) modules, leading to a mismatch in PV systems and causing energy losses. For this purpose, differential power processing (DPP) converters are the emerging power electronic-based topologies used to address the mismatch issues. Normally, PV modules are connected in series and DPP converters are used to extract the power from these PV modules by only processing the fraction of power called mismatched power. In this work, a switched-capacitor-inductor (SCL)-based DPP converter is presented, which mitigates the non-ideal conditions in solar PV systems. A proposed SCL-based DPP technique utilizes a simple control strategy to extract the maximum power from the partially shaded PV modules by only processing a fraction of the power. Furthermore, an operational principle and loss analysis for the proposed converter is presented. The proposed topology is examined and compared with the traditional bypass diode technique through simulations and experimental tests. The efficiency of the proposed DPP is validated by the experiment and simulation. The results demonstrate the performance in terms of higher energy yield without bypassing the low-producing PV module by using a simple control. The results indicate that achieved efficiency is higher than 98% under severe mismatch (higher than 50%).

scholarly journals A Study of Optimal Specifications for Light Shelves with Photovoltaic Modules to Improve Indoor Comfort and Save Building Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2574
Author(s):  
Heangwoo Lee ◽  
Xiaolong Zhao ◽  
Janghoo Seo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Energy Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Indoor Comfort

Recent studies on light shelves found that building energy efficiency could be maximized by applying photovoltaic (PV) modules to light shelf reflectors. Although PV modules generate a substantial amount of heat and change the consumption of indoor heating and cooling energy, performance evaluations carried out thus far have not considered these factors. This study validated the effectiveness of PV module light shelves and determined optimal specifications while considering heating and cooling energy savings. A full-scale testbed was built to evaluate performance according to light shelf variables. The uniformity ratio was found to improve according to the light shelf angle value and decreased as the PV module installation area increased. It was determined that PV modules should be considered in the design of light shelves as their daylighting and concentration efficiency change according to their angles. PV modules installed on light shelves were also found to change the indoor cooling and heating environment; the degree of such change increased as the area of the PV module increased. Lastly, light shelf specifications for reducing building energy, including heating and cooling energy, were not found to apply to PV modules since PV modules on light shelf reflectors increase building energy consumption.

scholarly journals An Improved Generalized Method for Evaluation of Parameters, Modeling, and Simulation of Photovoltaic Modules

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Jha ◽  
Uday Shankar Triar
Keyword(s):  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Photovoltaic Modules ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Evaluation Of Parameters ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
Matlab Programming

This paper proposes an improved generalized method for evaluation of parameters, modeling, and simulation of photovoltaic modules. A new concept “Level of Improvement” has been proposed for evaluating unknown parameters of the nonlinear I-V equation of the single-diode model of PV module at any environmental condition, taking the manufacturer-specified data at Standard Test Conditions as inputs. The main contribution of the new concept is the improvement in the accuracy of values of evaluated parameters up to various levels and is based on mathematical equations of PV modules. The proposed evaluating method is implemented by MATLAB programming and, for demonstration, by using the values of parameters of the I-V equation obtained from programming results, a PV module model is build with MATLAB. The parameters evaluated by the proposed technique are validated with the datasheet values of six different commercially available PV modules (thin film, monocrystalline, and polycrystalline) at Standard Test Conditions and Nominal Operating Cell Temperature Conditions. The module output characteristics generated by the proposed method are validated with experimental data of FS-270 PV module. The effects of variation of ideality factor and resistances on output characteristics are also studied. The superiority of the proposed technique is proved.

Micro Solar Thermal Collector Glazing for Enhanced Thermal Energy Harvesting

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ogbonnaya ◽  
L. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Capture Efficiency ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Collector Plate ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Solar Thermal Collector

Increasing focus on alternative energy sources has produced significant progress across a wide variety of research areas. One particular area of interest has been solar energy. This has been true on both large and small-scale applications. Research in this paper presents investigations into a small-scale solar thermal collector. This approach is divergent from traditional micro solar photovoltaic devices, relying on transforming incoming solar energy to heat for use by devices like thermoelectrics. The Solar Thermal Collector (STC) is constructed using a copper collector plate with electroplated tin-nickel selective coating atop the collector surface. Further, a unique top piece is added to trap thermal energy and reduce convective, conductive, and radiative losses to the surrounding environment. Results show a capture efficiency of 92% for a collector plate alone when exposed to a 1000 W/m2 simulated solar source. The addition of the top “glazing” piece improves capture efficiency to 97%. Future work will integrate these unique devices with thermoelectric generators for electric power production. This will yield a fully autonomous system, capable of powering small sensors or other devices in remote locations or supplementing existing devices with renewable energy.

Surface Hardening of Steel Using Highly Concentrated Solar Energy Process

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ferriere ◽  
C. Faillat ◽  
S. Galasso ◽  
L. Barrallier ◽  
J-E. Masse
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Solar Furnace ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Single Spot ◽  
Energy Process ◽  
Concentrated Solar Energy ◽  
Compressive Stresses ◽  
Hardening Process ◽  
Continuous Scanning

A recent French contribution in the field of surface hardening of steel using concentrated solar energy is presented. Single spot and continuous scanning processes have been investigated in a small-scale solar furnace. Hardened regions of 0.5–1.5 mm in thickness have been obtained on specimens of carbon steel, resulting from the transformation hardening process. Compressive stresses are induced in the thermally affected layer, without tensile peak in the bulk.

scholarly journals Study on the Influence of Mounting Dimensions of PV Array on Module Temperature in Open-Joint Photovoltaic Ventilated Double-Skin Façades

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5027
Author(s):  
Wenjie Zhang ◽  
Tongdan Gong ◽  
Shengbing Ma ◽  
Jianwei Zhou ◽  
Yingbo Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Double Skin ◽  
Open Joint ◽  
Double Skin Facades

In building integrated photovoltaics (PV), it is important to solve the heat dissipation problem of PV modules. In this paper, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is used to simulate the flow field around the open-joint photovoltaic ventilated double-skin façades (OJ-PV-DSF) to study the influence of the mounting dimensions (MD) of a PV array on the module temperature. The typical summer afternoon meteorological parameters, such as the total radiation (715.4 W/m2), the outdoor temperature (33.1 °C), and the wind speed (2.0 m/s), etc., are taken as input parameters. With the DO (discrete ordinates) model and the RNG (renormalization-group) k − ε model, a steady state calculation is carried out to simulate the flow of air in and around the cavity under the coupling of hot pressure and wind pressure, thereby obtaining the temperature distribution of the PV array and the wall. In addition, the simulation results are compared with the onsite experimental data and thermal imaging to verify the accuracy of the CFD model. Then three MD of the open joints are discussed. The results show that when the a value (represents the distance between PV modules and wall) changes from 0.05 to 0.15, the temperature drop of the PV module is the most obvious, reaching 2.0 K. When the b value (representing the distance between two adjacent PV modules in the vertical direction) changes from 0 to 0.1, the temperature drop of the PV module is most obvious, reaching 1 K. When the c value (represents the distance between two adjacent PV modules in the horizontal direction) changes from 0 to 0.1, the temperature of the PV module is lowered by 0.8 K. Thus, a = 0.1–0.15, b = 0.1 and c = 0.1 are recommended for engineering applications to effectively reduce the module temperature.

scholarly journals Efficiency Comparison between Conventional and Modern Port Operation System for Small-Scale Dry Bulk Cargo

2018 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Aulia Tiara ◽  
Julfikhsan Ahmad Mukhti
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Operation System ◽  
Financial Assessment ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Port Operation ◽  
Efficiency Comparison ◽  
Efficient Option ◽  
The Right

Since the launching of Sea Toll Road Program in 2015, the improvement in ports’ operation systems has become Indonesia’s foremost necessity. This improvement commonly leads to equipment modernization, while realistically, modern equipment does not always amount to a productive performance, especially in the context of small-scale ports. Instead, it is prone to creating wasteful capital and maintenance cost as well as making the planning time ineffective. This study compares two options of port operation systems in a small port, which is conventional and technologically-advanced method for dry bulk cargo. It results in thin gaps between each option’s financial assessment variables, which are Internal Rate of Return, Benefit/Cost Ratio and Payback Period, regardless of a stark difference between each option’s equipment cost. This study concludes that with the right approach, the conventional operation system is still the most efficient option compared to its contemporary opposite.

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