scholarly journals Control of a Photovoltaic-battery grid-connected multi-source system under different operating conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 01016
Author(s):  
Siham Chakiri ◽  
My Tahar Lamchich
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Source Power ◽  
Pwm Inverter ◽  
Power Extraction ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Dc Bus

This paper deals with the control of a grid-connected multi-source power system based on a photovoltaic (PV) array and a battery energy storage system (ESS), taking into account the variable and intermittent characteristics of the solar irradiation level and the ambient temperature in Morocco. The PV generator is connected via a dc-dc boost converter to a common dc bus which is connected through a bidirectional dc-dc converter to the battery ESS. The dc bus output is connected to the mains via a PWM dc-ac converter with an LCL filter. The control technique consists of three parts: the PV array is considered as the primary source and the boost converter is controlled locally to generate the maximum power extraction (MPPT), while the bidirectional dc-dc converter of the ESS battery is controlled to ensure the energy balance according to the power flow under different solar irradiation and temperature conditions. The PWM inverter is controlled to regulate the DC bus voltage and maintain the power factor at the unit. The system is implemented in Matlab/Simulink environment. The effectiveness of the control strategy is carried out by simulation results.

Daily Constant PV Output Power Supplying AC pumps using Batteries

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mahmoud Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Power Point

This paper presents 200 KW three phase standalone photovoltaic systems supplying pumping station consist of four pumps 40 KW rating. The system utilizes a two stage energy conversion power conditioning unit topology composed of a DC-DC boost converter and three level-three phase voltage source inverter (VSI). The Boost converter in this paper is designed to operate in continuous mode and controlled for maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The fluctuating output power of the PV array system during the day is the commonly problem in the power system.  In this paper a nickel-Cadmium battery will be used to maintain the output power generated from the PV array supplying the pumps to be constant all the day under different operating conditions. The system is modeled and studied using MATLAB/Simulink

scholarly journals Investigation of Photovoltaic Grid System under Non-Uniform Irradiance Conditions

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1512
Author(s):  
Mithun Madhukumar ◽  
Tonse Suresh ◽  
Mohsin Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Voltage Source Converter ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Power Extraction ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Grid Synchronization ◽  
Incremental Conductance ◽  
Conductance Method

Photovoltaic (PV) systems have recently been recognized as a leading way in the production of renewable electricity. Due to the unpredictable changes in environmental patterns, the amount of solar irradiation and cell operating temperature affect the power generated by the PV system. This paper, therefore, discusses the grid-integrated PV system to extract maximum power from the PV array to supply load requirements and the supply surplus power to the AC grid. The primary design is to have maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of the non-uniformly irradiated PV array, conversion efficiency maximization, and grid synchronization. This paper investigates various MPPT control algorithms using incremental conductance method, which effectively increased the performance and reduced error, hence helped to extract solar array’s power more efficiently. Additionally, other issues of PV grid-connected system such as network stability, power quality, and grid synchronization functions were implemented. The control of the voltage source converter is designed in such a way that PV power generated is synchronous to the grid. This paper also includes a comparative analysis of two MPPT techniques such as incremental conductance (INC) and perturb-and-observe (P&O). Extensive simulation of various controllers has been conducted to achieve enhanced efficient power extraction, grid synchronization and minimal performance loss due to dynamic tracking errors, particularly under fast-changing irradiation in Matlab/Simulink. The overall results favour INC algorithm and meet the required standards.

scholarly journals Application of direct MRAC in PI controller for DC-DC boost converter

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lunde Ardhenta ◽  
Ramadhani Kurniawan Subroto
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Pi Controller ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Model Reference ◽  
Dc Power ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Direct Model

<p>Almost all electronic components require a DC power supply at present days. The needs of DC power supplies from low voltage scales, medium voltages such as generators, to high voltage scales for high voltage electricity transmission. The improvement of PI controller performances is presented in this paper. The adaptation gains improve transient response of DC-DC Boost Converter several operating conditions. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) rule is applied as an adaptive mechanism to determine the optimal control parameters in some conditions. The used adaptive control technique is Direct Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC), this method as able to control system in some various input voltage. The proposed method has a stable response and able to reach the model reference smoothly. However, the response of the system has instantaneously overshoot and follows the response back of model reference. The responses of proposed controller have short period of rise time, settling time, and overshoot.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of partial shading in grid connected solar PV system with FL controller

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
K Latha Shenoy ◽  
C. Gurudas Nayak ◽  
Rajashekar P. Mandi
Keyword(s):  
System Performance ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Power Extraction ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Solar Pv System

As conventional fossil fuel reserves shrink and the danger of climate change prevailing, the need for alternative energy sources is unparalleled. A smart approach to compensate the dependence on electricity generated by burning fossil fuels is through the power generation using grid connected PV system. Partial shading on PV array affects the quantity of the output power in photovoltaic (PV) systems. To extract maximum power from PV under variable irradiance, variable temperature and partial shading condition, various MPPT algorithms are used. Incremental conductance and fuzzy based MPPT techniques are used for maximum power extraction from PV array. Basically 11 kW Solar PV system comprising of PV array coupled with an Inverter through a dc-dc converter is considered for the analysis and output of the inverter is supplied to the load through the LCL filter. An Intelligent controller for maximum power point tracking of PV power is designed. Also, a fuzzy controller for VSC is developed to improve the system performance. The above proposed design has been simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink and analyzed the system performance under various operating conditions. Finally, the performance is evaluated with IEEE 1547 standard for showing the effectiveness of the system.

scholarly journals Energy Management of a Renewable Hybrid Isolated DC Microgrid

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Md. Ruhul Amin Ratul
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Dc Microgrid ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Hybrid Microgrid ◽  
Incremental Conductance ◽  
Bidirectional Converter ◽  
Dc Bus

Abstract: Hybrid microgrid is the key solution to energize remote rural areas. The microgrid system incorporates more than one Distributed Renewable Energy (DRE) source to complement one another. This paper proposes a hybrid DC microgrid system to be operated in isolated mode. The proposed microgrid consists of a PMSG based Wind Turbine, PV array, and Lead-acid battery as an energy storage device. The Wind Turbine generator is connected to the DC bus through a Three-phase Diode Bridge Rectifier. The PV array is tied to the DC bus by a Boost converter and incremental conductance algorithm is used to extract the maximum power from the PV array. The battery uses a bidirectional converter for charging and discharging. A simple PI-based closed-loop control system is incorporated for proper energy management. The bus voltage is maintained either by the boost converter or the bidirectional converter depending upon the operating condition. The proposed microgrid system is modeled in MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Simulation of this model is done for varying irradiance, temperature, wind condition, and different load condition. The simulation results show that the system is stable under various load and supply conditions. Keywords: Hybrid microgrid, Distributed Renewable Energy (DRE), PMSG, PV array, DC bus, Boost converter, incremental conductance, bidirectional converter

scholarly journals FOUR SWITCH THREE PHASE SEPIC INVERTER WITH FRONT END BOOST CONVERTER

2020 ◽  
pp. 258-262
Author(s):  
Raheema V ◽  
Fasil T. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Output Voltage ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Pwm Control ◽  
Power Extraction ◽  
Switching Losses ◽  
Front End ◽  
Three Phase

In this paper, four switch sepic inverter with front end boost converter capable of producing quality three phase ac output is explained. Proposed topology is an advanced one when comparing with conventional topologies .Converter offer a design for the inverter with the combination of single-ended primary-inductance , which can obtain higher phase voltages compared to conventional four switch and six switch three phase inverters. A differential arrangement of SEPIC enables to obtained three phase balanced output voltage with only four switches. The output voltage is pure sinusoidal without the help of external filter. This proposed inverter is designed to reduce the cost, complexity and switching losses .It also improves the efficiency and reduces the harmonic distortion. Here the output of the inverters are connected deferentially across the load. The line voltage can not exceed the full value of the input dc voltage, for avoiding this a dc - dc boost converter is placed in the front end of the four switch sepic inverter, thus producing the required output voltage along with the sinusoidal nature. Due to this features, the inverter can be used for the grid integration and pv based power extraction. Proposed topology is operated in both current control algorithm and a modified sine pwm control technique. In this paper it is based on the novel sine pwm control technique. The topology is analysed, simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK and also a prototype is accomplished to verify the feasibility of the proposed topology. Index Terms—Three-phase inverter, Bi directionl sinlge ended primary inductance converter, Novel sin pwm control, DC-DC boost converter,

scholarly journals Fuzzy Based MPPT Controller For Solar Photovoltaic Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 359-370
Author(s):  
Sabitha M ◽  
Dr. K. Ranjith Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Controller ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Duty Ratio ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv Array

In this work, a Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) based MPPT technique is proposed to improve the performance of a stand-alone solar energy system. The Fuzzy logic controller is used as an intelligent way of tracking the maximum power point (MPP). The Taguchi method is adopted in this study to analyze multiple operating conditions of solar PV array. Solar PV output changes with Atmospheric conditions. The change in PV Current and Power are measured and fed to the Fuzzy logic controller as input. The Fuzzy controller is designed with 25 fuzzy rules and the Mamdani fuzzy inference is performed to obtain the aggregation which will be defuzzified by Center of gravity method. Based on the change in PV Current and Power, the Fuzzy logic controller generate the duty cycle for the boost converter (DC-DC converter). The variation of the duty cycle is from 0 to 1. The signal of change in duty ratio from the Fuzzy logic MPPT algorithm is fed to the PWM for switching the IGBT to dynamically update the duty cycle of the boost converter for extracting the maximum power from the solar PV array. A stand-alone Photovoltaic system with a boost converter is simulated in MATLAB Simulink to demonstrate the results and applicability of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Dual-Mode Power Operation for Grid-Connected PV Systems with Adaptive DC-link Controller

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Ahmed ◽  
Ibrahim Harbi ◽  
Ralph Kennel ◽  
Mohamed Abdelrahem
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Switching Frequency ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Dual Mode ◽  
Power Extraction ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Power Operation

AbstractPhotovoltaic (PV) power systems are integrated with high penetration levels into the grid. This in turn encourages several modifications for grid codes to sustain grid stability and resilience. Recently, constant power management and regulation is a very common approach, which is used to limit the PV power production. Thus, this article proposes dual-mode power generation algorithm for grid-connected PV systems. The developed system considers the two-stage PV configuration for implementation, where the dual-mode power generation technique is executed within the DC–DC conversion (boost) stage. Most of the techniques adopted for dual-mode power operation employ the conventional perturb and observe method, which is known with unsatisfactory performance at fast-changing atmospheric conditions. Considering this issue, this study suggests a modified maximum power point tracker for power extraction. Furthermore, a new adaptive DC-link controller is developed to improve the DC-link voltage profile at different operating conditions. The adaptive DC-link controller is compared with the traditional PI controller for voltage regulation. The inverter control is accomplished using finite-set model predictive control with two control objectives, namely reference current tracking and switching frequency minimization. The overall control methodology is evaluated at different atmospheric and operating conditions using MATLAB/Simulink software.

scholarly journals Design of Incremental Conductance Sliding Mode MPPT Control Applied by Integrated Photovoltaic and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System under Various Operating Conditions for BLDC Motor

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jehun Hahm ◽  
Hyoseok Kang ◽  
Jaeho Baek ◽  
Heejin Lee ◽  
Mignon Park
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
System Control ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Incremental Conductance ◽  
Exchange Membrane

This paper proposes an integrated photovoltaic (PV) and proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system for continuous energy harvesting under various operating conditions for use with a brushless DC motor. The proposed scheme is based on the incremental conductance (IncCond) algorithm combined with the sliding mode technique. Under changing atmospheric conditions, the energy conversion efficiency of a PV array is very low, leading to significant power losses. Consequently, increasing efficiency by means of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is particularly important. To manage such a hybrid system, control strategies need to be established to achieve the aim of the distributed system. Firstly, a Matlab/Simulink based model of the PV and PEMFC is developed and validated, as well as the incremental conductance sliding (ICS) MPPT technique; then, different MPPT algorithms are employed to control the PV array under nonuniform temperature and insolation conditions, to study these algorithms effectiveness under various operating conditions. Conventional techniques are easy to implement but produce oscillations at MPP. Compared to these techniques, the proposed technique is more efficient; it produces less oscillation at MPP in the steady state and provides more precise tracking.

Effect of Film Cooling on Low Temperature Hot Corrosion in a Coal Fired Gas Turbine

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaidyanathan Krishnan ◽  
J. S. Kapat ◽  
Y. H. Sohn ◽  
V. H. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Hot Corrosion ◽  
Film Cooling ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Coal Gas ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Lower Corrosion Rate

In recent times, the use of coal gas in gas turbines has gained a lot of interest, as coal is quite abundant as a primary source of energy. However, use of coal gas produces a few detrimental effects that need closer attention. This paper concentrates on one such effect, namely hot corrosion, where trace amounts of sulfur can cause corrosion (or sulfidation) of hot and exposed surfaces, thereby reducing the life of the material. In low temperature hot corrosion, which is the focus of this paper, transport of SO2 from the hot gas stream is the primary process that leads to a chain of events, ultimately causing hot corrosion. The corrosion rate depends on SO2 mass flux to the wall as well as wall surface temperature, both of which are affected in the presence of any film cooling. An analytical model is developed to describe the associated transport phenomena of both heat and mass in the presence of film cooling The model predicts how corrosion rates may be affected under operating conditions. It is found that although use of film cooling typically leads to lower corrosion rate, there are combinations of operating parameters under which corrosion rate can actually increase in the presence of film cooling.

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