scholarly journals A bivalent vaccine of Eimeria media and Eimeria intestinalis yields protective immunity against coccidiosis during rabbit production

2022 ◽  
Vol 335 ◽  
pp. 00006
Author(s):  
Penny Humaidah Hamid ◽  
Widagdo Sri Nugroho ◽  
Sigit Prastowo ◽  
Rini Widayanti
Keyword(s):  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Oocyst Excretion ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Time Of Infection

Coccidiosis is the costliest disease in the rabbit industry. The kits do not obtain maternal immunity against the diseases and therefore suckling to weaning period being the riskiest time of infection. To date, control of coccidiosis is relied on the use of chemical coccidiostat as a drug or as the substance in feed. Whilst, continuous exposure to antibiotics develops resistance and contamination in the carcass. There is no commercially provided vaccine to prevent rabbit coccidiosis cases. In this report, we processed precocious lines from the strain of Yogyakarta origin by using selection pressure to attenuate Eimeria spp. The vaccine candidate composed of 50% of each Eimeria media and Eimeria intestinalis were given orally to initiate protective immunity against rabbit coccidiosis. The vaccinated groups with 5 x 102 oocyst dosage exhibited 95% less total oocyst excretion compared to the non-vaccinated group. Our experiment showed no mortality and without any significantly detrimental response of vaccinated rabbits during the observation time (P<0.0001). Since the oocysts in the vaccinated rabbits are excreted in dropped faecal samples, it provides recirculation and provokes a group immunity within the flock. A vaccine candidate is a promising tool as a more environmentally friendly strategy for sustainable rabbit production.

scholarly journals IRES-based Venezuelan equine encephalitis vaccine candidate elicits protective immunity in mice

Virology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 437 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannan L. Rossi ◽  
Mathilde Guerbois ◽  
Rodion Gorchakov ◽  
Kenneth S. Plante ◽  
Naomi L. Forrester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis

scholarly journals Safety of African Swine Fever Vaccine Candidate Lv17/WB/Rie1 in Wild Boar: Overdose and Repeated Doses

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Barasona ◽  
Estefanía Cadenas-Fernández ◽  
Aleksandra Kosowska ◽  
Sandra Barroso-Arévalo ◽  
Belén Rivera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Oral Vaccination ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Vaccination Trial ◽  
Repeated Doses

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly lethal infectious disease that affects domestic pigs and wild boar. Outbreaks of ASF have grown considerably in the last decade causing important economic consequences for the swine industry. Its control is hampered by the lack of an effective treatment or vaccine. In Europe, the wild boar is a key wild reservoir for ASF. The results of the oral vaccination trial of wild boar with Lv17/WB/Rie1 are hope for this problem. However, this vaccine candidate has certain safety concerns, since it is a naturally attenuated vaccine. Therefore, the current study aims to evaluate the safety of this vaccine candidate in terms of overdose (high dose) and repeated doses (revaccination) in wild boar. Low-dose orally vaccinated animals developed only a slight transient fever after vaccination and revaccination. This was also the case for most of the high-dose vaccinated wild boar, except for one of them which succumbed after revaccination. Although this fatality was related to hierarchical fights between animals, we consider that further studies are required for clarification. Considering these new results and the current epidemiological situation of ASF in wild boar, this vaccine prototype is a promising tool for the control of the disease in these wild populations, although further studies are needed.

scholarly journals Bacterium-Mediated RNA Interference: Potential Application in Plant Protection

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Goodfellow ◽  
Daai Zhang ◽  
Ming-Bo Wang ◽  
Ren Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Applications

RNAi has emerged as a promising tool for targeting agricultural pests and pathogens and could provide an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional means of control. However, the deployment of this technology is still limited by a lack of suitable exogenous- or externally applied delivery mechanisms. Numerous means of overcoming this limitation are being explored. One such method, bacterium-mediated RNA interference, or bmRNAi, has been explored in other systems and shows great potential for application to agriculture. Here, we review the current state of bmRNAi, examine the technical limitations and possible improvements, and discuss its potential applications in crop protection.

scholarly journals Protective Immunity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Induced with a Capsid-Modified Adenovirus Expressing P. aeruginosa OprF

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (24) ◽  
pp. 13801-13808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Worgall ◽  
Anja Krause ◽  
JianPing Qiu ◽  
Ju Joh ◽  
Neil R. Hackett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Rgd Sequence ◽  
Hexon Protein ◽  
Repeat Administration ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Fiber Gene

ABSTRACT This study focuses on the development of a new clinical vaccine candidate (AdOprF.RGD.Epi8) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa using an E1− E3− adenovirus (Ad) vector expressing OprF (AdOprF.RGD.Epi8) and modifications of the Ad genome providing two capsid changes: (i) modification of the Ad hexon gene to incorporate an immune-dominant OprF epitope (Epi8) into loop 1 of the hexon, enabling repeat administration to boost the anti-OprF immune response, and (ii) modification of the fiber gene to incorporate an integrin-binding RGD sequence to enhance gene delivery to antigen-presenting cells. Western analysis confirmed that AdOprF.RGD.Epi8 expresses OprF, contains Epi8 in the hexon protein, and enhances gene transfer to dendritic cells compared to AdOprF, a comparable Ad vector expressing OprF with an unmodified capsid. Intramuscular immunization of C57BL/6 mice with AdOprF.RGD.Epi8 resulted in the generation of anti-OprF antibodies at comparable levels to those induced following immunization with AdOprF, but immunization with AdOprF.RGD.Epi8 was associated with increased CD4 and CD8 gamma interferon T-cell responses against OprF as well as increased survival against lethal pulmonary challenge with agar-encapsulated P. aeruginosa. Importantly, repeat administration of AdOprF.RGD.Epi8 resulted in boosting of the humoral anti-OprF response as well as increased protection, whereas no boosting could be achieved with repeat administration of AdOprF. This suggests that the capsid-modified AdOprF.RGD.Epi8 vector is a more effective immunogen compared to a comparable wild-type Ad capsid, making it a good candidate for an anti-P. aeruginosa vaccine.

scholarly journals P03.11 Finding a predictive marker for compliance to TTFields therapy - the comptune study

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii27-iii27
Author(s):  
M A Proescholdt ◽  
A Haj ◽  
C Doenitz ◽  
A Brawanski ◽  
A Mühlberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Assessment ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Psychological Profile ◽  
Assessment Battery ◽  
The Individual

Abstract BACKGROUND Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) imply the administration of alternating electric fields to induce mitotic arrest in Glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Based on the specific mode of action, which requires continuous exposure of the malignant cell pool to TTFields, compliance to TTFields treatment is a crucial parameter for treatment success. Correspondingly, a recent post hoc analysis of the EF-14 trial has demonstrated a strong correlation between TTFields compliance rate and treatment success. However, there is currently no data regarding predictive factors for individual compliance rate. We are therefore performing a prospective study designed to analyze specific parameters potentially influencing compliance to TTFields treatment employing a standardized psychological assessment battery in GBM patients who choose or not choose to undergo TTFields treatment in a longitudinal fashion. The results of the psychological profile will be correlated to the compliance rates of the individual patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty adult patients treated for newly diagnosed GBM at the University Regensburg Medical Center will be recruited. The psychological assessment battery aims at assessing four categories relevant for treatment compliance: 1. Lack of communicative skills, 2. depressive and anxiety disorders, 3. interpersonal factors (e.g. social support), and 4. intrapersonal factors, (e.g. beliefs about benefit, self-efficacy). The study endpoints are: 1. willingness to undergo TTFields therapy and 2. compliance rate of the individual patient, provided by the technical support team. The first interview takes place after treatment consultation (T0), 2 weeks after diagnosis (T1), at the initiation of TTFields treatment (T2) and every 4 weeks during treatment either until second disease progression or after maximal 8 months observation time per patient. Additionally, demographic (gender, age, marital status), clinical (KPI, extent of resection) and biological factors (MGMT promoter status, IDH1 mutation) will be assessed. RESULTS The study has been approved by the local ethics committee and has recruited the first 23 patients within 8 months since initiation of the study. The most updated results will be presented at the meeting. CONCLUSION One of the most challenging aspects in the application of TTFields in clinical practice is the identification of influencing factors increasing patients’ compliance. This study is designed to provide a psychological profile predictive for high treatment compliance.

scholarly journals Extent of polymorphism and selection pressure on the Trypanosoma cruzi vaccine candidate antigen Tc24

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2663-2672
Author(s):  
Audrey Arnal ◽  
Liliana Villanueva‐Lizama ◽  
Christian Teh‐Poot ◽  
Claudia Herrera ◽  
Eric Dumonteil
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Vaccine Candidate Antigen ◽  
Candidate Antigen

scholarly journals The Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea (PUQE-24): Configural, Measurement, and Structural Invariance between Nulliparas and Multiparas and across Two Measurement Time Points

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1553
Author(s):  
Ayako Hada ◽  
Mariko Minatani ◽  
Mikiyo Wakamatsu ◽  
Gideon Koren ◽  
Toshinori Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Structural Invariance

Background: The severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) correlates with pregnancy complications. This study aimed to confirm the measurement and structural invariance of the 24 h Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea (PUQE-24) regarding parity and observation time among pregnant women during the first trimester. Methods: Questionnaires including the PUQE-24 and the Health-Related Quality of Life for Nausea and Vomiting during Pregnancy (NVP-QOL) questionnaire were distributed to pregnant women from 10 to 13 weeks of gestation who were attending antenatal clinics. There were 382 respondents, and of these, 129 responded to the PUQE-24 again one week later. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis of this single factor model showed a good fit with the data: CFI = 1.000. The PUQE-24 factor and NVP-QOL factor were strongly correlated (r = 82). Configural, measurement, and structural invariance of the factor structure of the PUQE items were confirmed between primiparas and multiparas as well as at the test and retest observation occasions. Conclusion: The findings suggested that using the PUQE-24 among pregnant women in the first trimester was robust in its factor structure. The PUQE-24 may be a promising tool as an easy and robust measure of the severity of nausea and vomiting among pregnant women.

scholarly journals Intranasal vaccination with a recombinant protein CTA1-DD-RBF protects mice against hRSV infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Li ◽  
Hu Ren ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Lei Cao ◽  
Wenbo Xu
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Mucosal Vaccine ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Intranasal Immunization ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Syncytial Virus

AbstractHuman respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) infection is a major pediatric health concern worldwide. Despite more than half a century of efforts, there is still no commercially available vaccine. In this study, we constructed and purified the recombinant protein CTA1-DD-RBF composed of a CTA1-DD mucosal adjuvant and prefusion F protein (RBF) using Escherichia coli BL21 cells. We studied the immunogenicity of CTA1-DD-RBF in mice. Intranasal immunization with CTA1-DD-RBF stimulated hRSV F-specific IgG1, IgG2a, sIgA, and neutralizing antibodies as well as T cell immunity without inducing lung immunopathology upon hRSV challenge. Moreover, the protective immunity of CTA1-DD-RBF was superior to that of the RBF protein, as confirmed by the assessment of serum-neutralizing activity and viral clearance after challenge. Compared to formalin-inactivated hRSV (FI-RSV), intranasal immunization with CTA1-DD-RBF induced a Th1 immune response. In summary, intranasal immunization with CTA1-DD-RBF is safe and effective in mice. Therefore, CTA1-DD-RBF represents a potential mucosal vaccine candidate for the prevention of human infection with hRSV.

scholarly journals Development of a Multi-Antigenic SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Using a Synthetic Poxvirus Platform

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Chiuppesi ◽  
Marcela d’Alincourt Salazar ◽  
Heidi Contreras ◽  
Vu Nguyen ◽  
Joy Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Vaccine Candidate ◽  
Vaccine Platform ◽  
Synthetic Dna ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Immunodominant Antigens ◽  
Cellular Immune

Abstract Modified Vaccinia Ankara (MVA) is a highly attenuated poxvirus vector that is widely used to develop vaccines for infectious diseases and cancer. We developed a novel vaccine platform based on a unique three-plasmid system to efficiently generate recombinant MVA vectors from chemically synthesized DNA. In response to the ongoing global pandemic caused by SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), we used this novel vaccine platform to rapidly produce fully synthetic MVA (sMVA) vectors co-expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid antigens, two immunodominant antigens implicated in protective immunity. Mice immunized with these sMVA vectors developed robust SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses, including potent neutralizing antibodies. These results demonstrate the potential of a novel vaccine platform based on synthetic DNA to efficiently generate recombinant MVA vectors and to rapidly develop a multi-antigenic poxvirus-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate.

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