scholarly journals Development of the ELISSA array: prototype testing at Laboratori Nazionali del Sud

2018 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
G. L. Guardo ◽  
A. Anzalone ◽  
D. Balabanski ◽  
S. Chesnevskaya ◽  
W. Crucillá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Nuclear Astrophysics ◽  
Angular Distributions ◽  
Silicon Strip Detector ◽  
Position Resolution ◽  
Wide Energy ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
Better Than

The Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) facility, underconstruction in Magurele near Bucharest in Romania, will provide high-intensity andhigh-resolution gamma ray beams that can be used to address hotly debated problems in nuclear astrophysics, such as the accurate measurements of the cross sections of the24Mg(γ,α)20Ne reaction For this purpose, a silicon strip detector array (named ELISSA) will be realized in acommon effort by ELI-NP and Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (INFN-LNS), in order to measure excitation functions and angular distributions over a wide energy and angular range. A prototype of ELISSA was built and tested at INFN-LNS in Catania (Italy) with the support of ELI-NP. In this occasion, we have carried out experiments with alpha sources and with a 11 MeV 7Li beam that show up a very good energy resolution (better than 1%) and very good position resolution, of the order of 1 mm. Moreover, a threshold of 150 keV can be easily achieved with no cooling.

scholarly journals On the Experimental Investigation of the Angular Distributions in the Reaction 112Cd(p,γ)113In

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
A. Zyriliou ◽  
A. Khaliel ◽  
T. J. Mertzimekis
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Reaction Cross ◽  
Angular Distributions ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Tandem Accelerator ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Hpge Detectors ◽  
Low Energies

Some of the mid–weight nuclei lie in the region of the isotopic chart where the astrophysical p-process has a prominent role in the nucleosynthetic scenarios. Experimentally deduced reaction cross section data can provide stringent tests for the astrophysical models, especially at low energies. In this framework, the reaction 112Cd(p,γ)113In has been studied experimentally at four proton beam energies 2.8 ≤ Ep≤ 3.4 MeV, partly inside the astrophysically interesting Gamow window. Proton beams were provided by the 5.5 MV T11 Van de Graaff Tandem Accelerator of the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the National Center for Scientific Research (NCSR) “Demokritos”. In–beam spectroscopy was carried out with an array of four HPGe detectors sitting on a rotating table. In total, eight (8) different angles were used to record gamma–ray spectra. Special focus was given on constructing the angular distribution of each gamma–ray feeding the ground state of 113In directly, so as to determine the reaction cross sections from the in–beam data, exclusively. The resulting cross sections were compared to Hauser–Feshbach calculations using the code TALYS v1.9.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Angular Distributions and Gamma-Ray Production Cross Sections for Iron

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 748-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
M V Savin ◽  
A V Livke ◽  
Yu. Ya. Nefedov ◽  
M S Shvetsov ◽  
A G Zvenigorodskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Angular Distributions

scholarly journals Nuclear Physics Research at ELI-NP

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
N.V. Zamfir
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Nuclear Astrophysics ◽  
Resonance Fluorescence ◽  
Particle Beams ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
New Research ◽  
Intense Radiation

The new research facility Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) is under construction in Romania, on the Magurele Physics campus. Valued more than 300 Meuros the center will be operational in 2019. The research center will use a high brilliance Gamma Beam and a High-power Laser beam, with unprecedented characteristics worldwide, to investigate the interaction of very intense radiation with matter with specific focus on nuclear phenomena and their applications. The energetic particle beams and radiation produced by the 2x10 PW laser beam interacting with matter will be studied. The precisely tunable energy and excellent bandwidth of the gamma-ray beam will allow for new experimental approaches regarding nuclear astrophysics, nuclear resonance fluorescence, and applications. The experimental equipment is presented, together with the main directions of the research envisioned with special emphasizes on nuclear physics studies.

Comparative Studies of the Light Yield Non-Proportionality and Energy Resolution of CsI(Tl), LYSO and BGO Scintillation Crystals

2016 ◽  
Vol 872 ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
Pruittipol Limkitjaroenporn ◽  
Narong Sangwaranatee ◽  
Wuttichai Chaiphaksa ◽  
Jakrapong Kaewkhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Resolution ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Light Yield ◽  
Good Energy Resolution ◽  
Intrinsic Resolution ◽  
Scintillation Crystals ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
Better Than

This article, for comparison, the non-proportionality of light yield and energy resolution of BGO, LYSO and CsI(Tl) scintillators couple to the R1306 PMT readouts were investigated. At 662 keV from 137Cs source, the good energy resolution of 7.13% for CsI(Tl) superior than LYSO and BGO scintillators. The energy resolution on gamma-ray energy was also evaluated to expose the scintillator intrinsic resolution parameters. For non-proportionality of light yield, the study showed a light yield non-proportionality 0.35% of LYSO, the value is better than 4.82 % for CsI(Tl) and 1.53 % of BGO scintillators.

scholarly journals A Geant4-based Monte Carlo Tool for Nuclear Astrophysics

2018 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
D. Lattuada ◽  
M. La Cognata ◽  
A. Anzalone ◽  
D.L. Balabanski ◽  
S. Chesnevskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Nuclear Astrophysics ◽  
Target Thickness ◽  
Event Generator ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Threshold Energies

Present and future gamma-beam facilities represent a great opportunity to validate and evaluate the cross-sections of many photonuclear reactions at near-threshold energies, whose data mostly come from theoretical calculations. We developed a Monte Carlo (MC) software that makes use of the validatedtracking Geant4 libraries and the n-body event generator of ROOT libraries in order to provide a fast, realiable and complete MC tool to be used for nuclear physics experiments, with a particular focus on photo-nuclear processes. We discuss the results of the MC simulations performed in order to evaluate the effects of the electromagnetic background, the straggling of the emitted particles due to the target thickness and the resolution of the silicon detectors. Finally we present the preliminary results on some nuclear reactions involved in the p-process, which will be studied with ELISSA and the GBS at ELI-NP.

Nuclear astrophysics: nucleosynthesis in the Universe

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alinka Lépine-Szily ◽  
Pierre Descouvemont
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Nuclear Astrophysics ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Reaction Cross ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Reaction Cross Sections

AbstractNuclear astrophysics is a relatively young science; it is about half a century old. It is a multidisciplinary subject, since it combines nuclear physics with astrophysics and observations in astronomy. It also addresses fundamental issues in astrobiology through the formation of elements, in particular those required for a carbon-based life. In this paper, a rapid overview of nucleosynthesis is given, mainly from the point of view of nuclear physics. A short historical introduction is followed by the definition of the relevant nuclear parameters, such as nuclear reaction cross sections, astrophysical S-factors, the energy range defined by the Gamow peak and reaction rates. The different astrophysical scenarios that are the sites of nucleosynthesis, and different processes, cycles and chains that are responsible for the building of complex nuclei from the elementary hydrogen nuclei are then briefly described.

scholarly journals Production of neutron-rich nuclei approaching r-process by gamma-induced fission of 238U at ELI-NP

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
Bo Mei ◽  
Dimiter Balabanski ◽  
Paul Constantin ◽  
Tuan Anh Le ◽  
Phan Viet Cuong
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Production Cross ◽  
Nuclear Astrophysics ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Gas Cell ◽  
Igisol Facility ◽  
Small Production ◽  
R Process ◽  
The Stability

The investigation of neutron-rich exotic nuclei is crucial not only for nuclear physics but also for nuclear astrophysics. Experimentally, only few neutron-rich nuclei near the stability have been studied, however, most neutron-rich nuclei have not been measured due to their small production cross sections as well as short half-lives. At ELI-NP, gamma beams with high intensities will open new opportunities to investigate very neutron-rich fragments produced by photofission of 238U targets in a gas cell. Based on some simulations, a novel gas cell has been designed to produce, stop and extract 238U photofission fragments. The extraction time and efficiency of photofission fragments have been optimized by using SIMION simulations. According to these simulations, a high extraction efficiency and a short extraction time can be achieved for 238U photofission fragments in the gas cell, which will allow one to measure very neutron-rich fragments with short half-lives by using the IGISOL facility proposed at ELI-NP.

Measurement of Intermediate Energy Gamma-Ray Cross Sections

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 1167-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Henry ◽  
T. J. Kennett
Keyword(s):  
Pair Production ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Energy Region ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Intermediate Energy ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
Pair Production Process ◽  
Better Than

Gamma-ray cross sections for 30 well-distributed energies from 121 keV to 10.827 MeV in 9 target elements ranging from carbon to uranium have been measured with an accuracy of better than 1%. Deviations from recently quoted theoretical cross sections were observed in the energy region from 6–11 MeV, particularly for high-Z target materials. The approximately Z2 dependent deviations are certainly associated with the elastic pair-production process, the present opinion being that they arise from an overestimation of the effects of atomic–electron screening on the pair cross section in the intermediate energy region.

Search for the Optical Counterpart of PSR 1953+29

1996 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 303-304
Author(s):  
V. Boriakoff ◽  
G. Beskin ◽  
D. Dossa ◽  
F. Fauci ◽  
J.B. Oke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Pulse Profile ◽  
Optical Telescope ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Large Pulse ◽  
Gamma Ray Detector ◽  
Better Than

1) PSR B1953+29, the first millisecond binary pulsar discovered, has a low mass companion with a long orbital period (see parameters in Table 1).2) Shortly after its discovery the averaged pulse profile was observed to change shape in a discrete fashion: two different pulse profiles were alternating (Boriakoffet al1986). Each pulse profile remained the same for typical times of days. This is reminiscent of the mode-changing behaviour of slower pulsars, however, normally such pulsars remain in one mode for only a few minutes.3) Observations with a Cherenkov TeV Gamma-Ray detector have shown a large pulse-profile peak when the data is folded with the correct pulse period. Recent reprocessing of the original data shows the same peak (Bowdenet al1990).4) Comparison with optical photographs revealed a bright star (20-th magnitude) located less than 1 arcsec from the pulsar positions determined with the VLA and from timing. A star of ∼O.2M⊙is expected to be a white dwarf, at the distance of 3.5-5kpc it would be invisible.5) Optical spectral observations of the star with the 5-meter Palomar telescope showed a reddened spectrum without any emission or absorption lines. This is typical of very hot objects.6) CCD images obtained with the Russian 6 meter optical telescope in the Caucasus were taken to pinpoint the location of the star with accuracies better than a small fraction of an arc second. Imperfections of the CCD star images (saturation, etc.), in particular for bright 15-18 magnitude stars, had to be taken into account to pinpoint the center of the observed image. A technique was developed for finding the center of the image with an accuracy better than 0.17 arcsec, a single pixel of the CCD image. Arcs of ellipses were fitted to cross-sections of the star image at different light intensity levels. Down to very low light levels no pulsation was found.

scholarly journals RADIATIVE NEUTRON CAPTURE ON 9Be, 14C, 14N, 15N AND 16O AT THERMAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL ENERGIES

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1350075 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERGEY DUBOVICHENKO ◽  
ALBERT DZHAZAIROV-KAKHRAMANOV ◽  
NADEZHDA AFANASYEVA
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Neutron Capture ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Nuclear Astrophysics ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Radiative Neutron ◽  
The One ◽  
Radiative Neutron Capture

The total cross-sections of the radiative neutron capture processes on 9 Be , 14 C , 14 N , 15 N and 16 O are described in the framework of the modified potential cluster model with the classification of orbital states according to Young tableaux. The continued interest in the study of these reactions is due, on the one hand, to the important role played by this process in the analysis of many fundamental properties of nuclei and nuclear reactions, and, on the other hand, to the wide use of the capture cross-section data in the various applications of nuclear physics and nuclear astrophysics, and, also, to the importance of the analysis of primordial nucleosynthesis in the Universe. This article is devoted to the description of results for the processes of the radiative neutron capture on certain light atomic nuclei at thermal and astrophysical energies. The considered capture reactions are not part of stellar thermonuclear cycles, but involve in the reaction chains of inhomogeneous Big Bang models.

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