scholarly journals An overview of current situations of robot industry development

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 03019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Yanjun Liu ◽  
Chensheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Robot Technology

As an industry of emerging technology, robot industry has become one of important signs to evaluate a country’s level in science and technology innovation and high-end manufacturing, and an important strategic field to take the preemptive opportunities in development of intelligent society. Developed countries such as the USA, Germany, France and Japan have formulated their robot R&D strategies and planning in succession. China boasts good industrial foundation and has made encouraging progress in the course of development of robot technology. This paper briefly discusses the application type of robot industry and current situations of robot industry development in countries around the world, and makes detailed explanation of current situations of robot industry development in China.

scholarly journals Development and Position of Africa in Science and Technology Today

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
Adedokun J. Olusegun ◽  
Akinsanmi Fatima ◽  
Fasasi Abiodun Wakeel
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
West African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Developed Countries

Science and technology capabilities are fundamental for social and economic progress in African countries and they are crucial components aimed at fostering growth and development of every nation as they create impact on the various sectors of governments. Maintaining and Strengthening the contributions of science and technology become more important for Africa in addressing traditional development issues and successful application of science and technology entails establishing effective institutional framework and linkages so that the various science and technology institutions and the productive sectors work in a system that is focused on achieving developmental goals without undue duplication and completion. Unfortunately, many developing countries especially the poor countries in West Africa do not have human resources, physical and economic infrastructures and access to capital to take full advantage of the science and technology expertise and achievements of the developed countries like the USA, China, and Korea etc. Conclusively, it is imperative for Africa especially West African countries to embrace science and technology as a vital tool for accelerating their socio-economic development as science and technology enhances its international competitiveness and more importantly its position in the world economy.  

scholarly journals The globalization of the world coal market – contradictions and trends

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 01044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yevheniia Sribna ◽  
Olena Trokhymets ◽  
Ihor Nosatov ◽  
Iryna Kriukova
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Market ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Coal Market ◽  
Coal Supply ◽  
State Subsidies

The article describes the global coal market as the ratio of demand and supply depending on the development of energy technologies in the historical section. The continental specificity of coal mining is given. The basic world exporters and importers of coal and their role in the sale of energy fuels are analyzed. The key coal producing countries are China, India, the USA, and Australia. The largest consumers of coal products are China, India, Japan and Korea. There are unconditional leaders in the export coal market: Indonesia and Australia. In addition, a comparison of large coal companies and their share in the world market is presented. The features of coal supplies are analyzed in accordance with international rules (Incoterms), which regulate the rights and obligations of the buyer when conducting international trade, as well as determine the moment of transfer of risks from the seller to the buyer. The following supply bases were characterized: FOB (Free On Board), FAS (Free Alongside Ship), CIF (Cost Insurance and Freight), DAP (Delivered At Place), FCA (Free Carrier) etc. Trends in the logistics component of the global coal industry are revealed. Logistic of coal supply chains in comparison with other energy fuels and their features are disclosed. The problem of profitability of mines and their effectiveness is presented. Assessment of the environmental components of coal use in industry and energy is analyzed. It was noted that on the background of the trend to protect the environment and promote renewable energy, coal is becoming less popular in developed countries. This trend is further exacerbated by state subsidies for green energy.

scholarly journals DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE WORLD ECONOMY

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Olga Mikhailovna Markova ◽  
Elena Borisovna Starodubtseva
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Financial Behavior ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Start Ups

In modern conditions the role of digitalization which is becoming the main factor of the development of the world economy, is growing significantly, as the competitiveness of individual countries is determined by the level of implementation of innovative banking technologies as a tool for creating digital financial ecosystems. At the same time, there are considered key indicators of bank customers activities related to Internet access and infrastructure development opportunities, the consumer demand for digital technologies, the specific application of legislative norms in this area, the development of innovations in individual countries based on additional investment in the latest technologies and digital start-ups. There is given the definition of the concept of digital economy, analysis of the development of digitalization in terms of its use in various areas: financial, production, trade, social. Within the framework of the national approach, digitization, for which a cyclical character is typical, is considered in detail. So, initially new technologies actively developed in the USA, Germany, Japan and other developed countries, but now these countries reduce the pace of growth of technological implementations, and the less developed countries, where the rates of digitalization are more significant. The article presents dividing countries in four categories, according to the growth of digitalization of the economy. In the world economy, the key to stability and high competitiveness in the long term should be the policy of continuous innovations, which requires from banks and other market participants to make quick and radical decisions that often affect their financial behavior and strategic line of development. Thus, the indicators of the involvement of countries in digital banking indicate that this type of banking activity is gaining momentum, and digitalization is currently the main vector of world development.

scholarly journals Women in Science and Technology: An Indian scenario

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akanksha Swarup ◽  
Tuli Dey
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Voting Rights ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Indian Scenario

AbstractThe concept of treating women as equal to their male counterpart became a topic of political debate in Europe during the ‘age of enlightenment’ (18th Century). The battle towards equal voting rights took approximately 100 years to win, and went until the 19th Century. It was only around 1902-1920 that women got equal voting rights in prominent Western countries followed by others. Amidst the celebration of ‘women’s vote centenary’ throughout the world, the issue of equal rights to education and work is still waiting for the proper attention. Historically the presence of women in educational, technological and scientific fields remains mostly marginal. In this article, the current state of under-representation of women in the science and technology community is depicted, primarily highlighting the Indian scenario. It is observed that throughout India, and amongst the relatively developed countries of the world, the presence of women in highly prestigious Institutes and Universities remains negligible even in this day and age. The probable causes behind such inequality need to be analyzed, addressed and looked upon for remedial purposes.

scholarly journals MIGRATIONS AS A RESULT OF THE GLOBALISATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Marián Mesároš ◽  
Josef Reitšpís
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Capital ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Cheap Labour ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa

The globalisation of the world economy is a driving force of the development of the individual countries in the world. Mineral resources in some countries are very important for the development of such countries, however they also attract world economies that offer new technologies and new possibilities in the development of the infrastructure. The technological progress of less developed countries also brings undesirable accompanying phenomena, namely the dependence on spare parts, the inability of such countries to carry out an independent research development, and an inconspicuous lifestyle change of the population. Cheap labour force lures foreign capital and later, as a result of the change of political regimes, begins to have enhanced demands, including various trade union demands. This is the moment when the particular government starts being influenced, the population is dissatisfied and the dissatisfaction results in social riots. However, the foreign capital has meanwhile achieved its business interests and that is why it leaves the particular country. Subsequently, this results in internal problems and many times in migrations of the dissatisfied population. Research tools used to write this article was analysis, analysis, synthesis of available information, reports, scientific articles on the subject and subsequent deduction to identify conclusions. Following the latest findings, it takes at least ten years for migrants to start accepting laws and habitual practice of a particular foreign country. The same holds true for migrants from South America who decide to leave their home country to live in the USA. That is why the assimilation problem has to be solved very carefully and, if it is possible, to solve the problems of potential migrants on the territory of their home country.

scholarly journals Why Chinese Companies Go Abroad? A Theoretical Model to Explain the Drivers of the Internationalization Strategy of Chinese MNEs

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Adele Parmentola
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Expansion Strategy ◽  
Chinese Companies ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Chinese Mnes ◽  
The World ◽  
Chinese Multinationals ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Internationalization Strategy

China is today considered the second power in the world after the USA and recently many Chinese companies became global leaders in their specific industries. This success is also realized thanks to the expansion strategy adopted by many Chinese multinationals that have realized FDIs both towards other developing countries and towards advanced economies. What are the determinants that push the Chinese companies to go abroad? Are the traditional internalization theories based on the concept of ownership advantage able to explain the internationalization of Chinese MNES? Accordingly aim of this paper is to describe the determinants that induce the Chinese companies to realize FDIs and the characteristics that distinguish their internationalization strategy by the strategy adopted by developed countries multinationals.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Chinese Global Health Diplomacy: Geopolitical Opportunity for China’s Hegemony?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-340
Author(s):  
Priya Gauttam ◽  
Bawa Singh ◽  
Jaspal Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Global Health Diplomacy ◽  
Health Diplomacy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Developed Countries

Health diplomacy has remained an important part of foreign policy of major countries to expand their geopolitical influence across the world. Given the outbreak of COVID-19, the inadequate healthcare systems even of the developed countries have been exposed. Although China was blamed for the origination of COVID-19, concomitantly, the same country had exploited the global health emergency by putting its global health diplomacy in practice as a soft power tool to expand its geopolitical influence in term of hegemony, vis-→-vis the USA. Whereas, on the contrary, the USA and European Union (EU) have been critically entrapped in the pandemic and remained at crossroads, how to deal with the same locally and globally. In these contrasting roles and reciprocation, the main argument of the article is that China had made the best use of its health diplomacy to expand its geopolitical influence, while the USA and EU did not rise to the occasion; rather, their roles and reciprocation have remained delayed and inert. In this backdrop, the main focus of this article is to examine how China used its global health diplomacy as a soft power tool? Second, would China become hegemon in the present scenario vis-→-vis the USA?

The Effect of 2008 Financial Crisis on the Distribution of Economic Power

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-110
Author(s):  
Manmohan Agarwal ◽  
Amrita Brahmo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Developed Countries

There has been considerable debate over whether the USA is losing its stronghold over the world economy and its power declining, giving way to new leadership from the emerging economies (EEs) like China. This article uses the notion of power based on the resources available to a state. It uses a number of measures to measure the resources available to a state and so assess economic power. It finds that there has been a slight decline in the importance of the developed countries and an increase in that of the developing countries (DCs). However, there is a slight decline in the power of the USA. The increase in the importance of developing countries is mainly on account of China. But the changes do not mean that developing countries can get the changes they desire. There is more of a stalemate.

scholarly journals KAJIAN DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN UNITED STATES GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCE (US-GSP) 2015 TERHADAP EKSPOR PRODUK PERIKANAN INDONESIA KE USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Rikrik Rahadian ◽  
Tajerin Tajerin ◽  
Zahri Nasution
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Generalized System ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Developed Countries

Sejak pertamakali diperkenalkan pada tahun 1970-an, Generalized System of Preference (GSP) telah diterapkan oleh negara-negara maju seperti United States of America (USA), Jepang dan European Union (EU). Meskipun bertujuan serupa, yaitu mendorong serta memfasilitasi perdagangan bagi negara-negara berkembang, namun pada penerapannya di masing-masing negara terdapat perbedaan pengaturan GSP – terutama terkait perihal daftar beneficiaries serta produk yang memperoleh fasilitas GSP. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kebijakan US-GSP 2015 serta menganalisis besaran dampak kebijakan tersebut terhadap ekspor produk Kelautan dan Perikanan (KP) Indonesia di pasar ekspor USA. Untuk memperoleh informasi tersebut, maka dipergunakan model SMART yang dikembangkan oleh World Integrated Trade Solutions (WITS) untuk mengolah data perdagangan di USA pada tahun 2014, yang diperoleh dari database TRAIN-UNCTAD. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa rejim terkini GSP di USA (2015), jika dimanfaatkan, akan dapat mendorong peningkatan ekspor produk perikanan Indonesia ke USA, terutama untuk komoditas olahan. Ever since it was introduced in the 70’s, the Generalized System of Preference (GSP) has been adopted and implemented by the developed countries such as United States of America (USA), Japan and the European Union (EU). Despite its similar purpose, which is to encourage as well as facilitate trade for the developing countries, its implementations in each adopting country have been very customized – especially concerning the beneficiary list and GSP product list. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impacts of US-GSP 2015 implementation towards Indonesian Fisheries Export to the USA. The research was conducted using a SMART model – an economic model developed by the World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) – to simulate the impacts of the trade policy using the TRAIN-UNCTAD database. The simulation showed that the latest US-GSP regime, if completely utilized by the Indonesian Exporters, could actually boost Indonesian Fisheries Exports to the USA, especially for the fish processing products. 

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