scholarly journals Women in Science and Technology: An Indian scenario

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akanksha Swarup ◽  
Tuli Dey
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Voting Rights ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Indian Scenario

AbstractThe concept of treating women as equal to their male counterpart became a topic of political debate in Europe during the ‘age of enlightenment’ (18th Century). The battle towards equal voting rights took approximately 100 years to win, and went until the 19th Century. It was only around 1902-1920 that women got equal voting rights in prominent Western countries followed by others. Amidst the celebration of ‘women’s vote centenary’ throughout the world, the issue of equal rights to education and work is still waiting for the proper attention. Historically the presence of women in educational, technological and scientific fields remains mostly marginal. In this article, the current state of under-representation of women in the science and technology community is depicted, primarily highlighting the Indian scenario. It is observed that throughout India, and amongst the relatively developed countries of the world, the presence of women in highly prestigious Institutes and Universities remains negligible even in this day and age. The probable causes behind such inequality need to be analyzed, addressed and looked upon for remedial purposes.

Engendering the Field of STEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 219-233
Author(s):  
Roshan Ara
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Current State ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The World ◽  
Cultural Taboos ◽  
Working Out ◽  
Women Participation

The participation of women in STEM disciplines has remained quite dismal. Only 35% of scientists in the world are women, with a gender gap in STEM at 55%. Various socio-cultural taboos, gender stereotypes, lack of awareness of parents, and a patriarchal mindset of the society have divided the domains of STEM knowledge according to gender. It is imperative to mainstream gender at all policy making levels and embrace woman governance in the field of STEM. Reducing the gender gap in STEM will help in reducing gender gap in skills, increase employability and productivity of women, and be a tool for reducing occupational segregation which in turn will lead to faster economic growth. Concerted efforts are needed to boost the confidence of girls and hone their talent in the field. The chapter aims at examining the current state of women participation in STEM, assessing the gender gap existing in the field, identifying the reasons responsible for the least participation of women in science and technology, and working out the ways and means for engendering the field of STEM.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE AND PERSPECTIVES OF IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Ihor Alieksieiev ◽  
Andriana Mazur ◽  
Kateryna Huryn
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Impact Bonds ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Environmental Development ◽  
Prospects Of Application

Introduction. The effective transition to social and environmental oriented economy is based on numerous factors. In many countries, financial correction is taking place, the main mechanism of which is the transformation of the economy into a new format. Financial intermediation based on the principles of social and environmental financing can have a significant impact on overall progress. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to assess the current state of the Ukrainian financial market within the level of implementation of the studied tools for the possibility of improving the state of social and environmental responsibility. Methodology.During the study, the following methods were used: dialectical method and methods of analysis and synthesis – to study the main options for social and environmental development of the country based on the use of financial instruments that are actively and successfully used by developed countries; statistical method – to analyse of monthly volumes of issue of "green" bonds in the world; structural and logical analysis – to study projects implemented in Ukraine in conjunction with IFC. Results. The application of financial instruments, such as "green bonds", social impact bonds and "green banking", in international practice to increase the level of social and environmental responsibility has been studied. The prospects of application of the researched financial instruments in Ukraine in the context of financing the projects of sustainable development are estimated.

“An End to Unjust Inequality in the World”

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-530
Author(s):  
Randall Balmer
Keyword(s):  
Early Republic ◽  
Voting Rights ◽  
Religious Right ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Temperance Movement ◽  
Conservative Politics ◽  
Common Schools ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
American Evangelicalism

Since the emergence of the Religious Right in the late 1970s, American evangelicalism has commonly been associated with conservative politics. An examination of nineteenth-century evangelicalism, however, suggests a different affinity. Antebellum evangelicals marched in the vanguard of social change with an agenda that almost invariably advocated for those on the margins of society, including women and African Americans. Evangelicals were involved in peace crusades and the temperance movement, a response to social ills associated with rampant alcohol consumption in the early republic. They advocated equal rights for women, including voting rights. Evangelicals in the North crusaded against slavery. Although Horace Mann, a Unitarian from Massachusetts, is the person most often associated with the rise of common schools, Protestants of a more evangelical stripe were early advocates of public education, including leaders in Ohio, Michigan, and Kentucky. Some evangelicals, including Charles Grandison Finney, even excoriated capitalism as inconsistent with Christian principles.

scholarly journals Participation of women in science in the developed and developing worlds: inverted U of feminization of the scientific workforce, gender equity and retention

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shobhana Narasimhan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Participation Of Women ◽  
The World ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Scientific Workforce

Abstract We consider various factors impacting the participation of women in science throughout the world, with a particular emphasis on developing countries. For the world as a whole, we find that when the percentage of women working in science in a country is plotted vs. the per capita GDP of the country (adjusted for purchasing power parity) the data fall on an inverted U-shaped ‘boomerang’ curve. Thus, as per capita wealth increases, the percentage of women in science first increases and then falls. This is in marked contrast to the (right-side-up) U-shaped curve that is well-established for the participation of women in the labor force as a whole, suggesting that there are factors in the culture of science that result in opposing trends to those observed in the general workforce. This also results in many developing countries having a much higher participation of women in the scientific workforce than is seen in economically developed countries. Contradicting previous reports to the contrary, we find a positive correlation between gender equality in science and the degree of overall gender equity in the country. Thus, we do not find evidence for the claim that greater gender equity results in the manifestation of innate gender differences in preferences for science. We find differing patterns of retention in science for women in developing and developed countries. We also briefly discuss other factors that make it difficult for women in developing countries to follow a scientific career, or to advance in their careers.

scholarly journals The issues of alcohol withdrawal syndrome: current state of the problem

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-748
Author(s):  
O. Havrylov
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbances ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Developed Countries

Annotation. Alcohol addiction is one of the three main health problems in the world, which directly or indirectly increases the mortality rate, wherein it poses the greatest threat to the developed countries of Europe and America. Identification of promising directions for resolving the issue of alcohol withdrawal syndrome with delirium is one of the levers to reduce the consequences of its harmful use. It was made an analysis of the electronic database of scientific publications Pubmed and the latest WHO data, the main approaches to the pathogenesis and intensive care of alcoholic delirium in Ukraine and abroad were highlighted and displayed, clinical and laboratory diagnostic aspects were distinguished. There is a certain vision of the pathogenesis of alcohol withdrawal syndrome as an imbalance in the GABA and glutamate-ergic systems in brain neurons. Diagnostic criteria have been developed and introduced into clinical practice to determine the severity of withdrawal status, as well as sedation-agitation scales, it is not completely determined the influence of electrolyte disturbances, namely magnesium deficiency on the severity of the condition, the effectiveness of sedation and mortality. The optimal way to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of alcoholic delirium, which would ensure an adequate level of sedation, has not yet been found all over the world, at the same time, without increasing the risk of complications in the form of an overdose of tranquilizers and hypnotics, both in case of their isolated and combined use. The possibility of using chelate compounds containing GABA in themselves, as well as organic magnesium salts, namely gluconic acid salts, is promising.

scholarly journals Experience report and data visualization to evaluate a game programming project aimed for girls using Scratch tool

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Laura Soares ◽  
Maria Eugênia A. Ferreira ◽  
Danielli A. Lima
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Male Involvement ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Women In Technology ◽  
The One ◽  
Game Programming

The inclusion of women in technology has increased in recent years, but the number of women in technology is still much smaller compared to male involvement. Many factors make women not part of the information technology field. These factors include cultural, social factors of lack of information about the area. Thus, this paper aims to understand some of the factors that lead women to look less for professional areas involving science and technology. This article presents the state of the art of science and technology projects that have been aimed at women around the world. In addition, a questionnaire was applied in order to present some of the factors that can affect the performance of girls in projects in the field of Exact Sciences. Among the variables studied, the one that had the greatest correlation with the worst performances achieved by the girls was the absence of technology and internet at home. Furthermore, a quali-quantitative analysis shows the importance of carrying out projects that involve women in science and technology.

scholarly journals An overview of current situations of robot industry development

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 03019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Yanjun Liu ◽  
Chensheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Robot Technology

As an industry of emerging technology, robot industry has become one of important signs to evaluate a country’s level in science and technology innovation and high-end manufacturing, and an important strategic field to take the preemptive opportunities in development of intelligent society. Developed countries such as the USA, Germany, France and Japan have formulated their robot R&D strategies and planning in succession. China boasts good industrial foundation and has made encouraging progress in the course of development of robot technology. This paper briefly discusses the application type of robot industry and current situations of robot industry development in countries around the world, and makes detailed explanation of current situations of robot industry development in China.

scholarly journals Development and Position of Africa in Science and Technology Today

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-68
Author(s):  
Adedokun J. Olusegun ◽  
Akinsanmi Fatima ◽  
Fasasi Abiodun Wakeel
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
West African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Developed Countries

Science and technology capabilities are fundamental for social and economic progress in African countries and they are crucial components aimed at fostering growth and development of every nation as they create impact on the various sectors of governments. Maintaining and Strengthening the contributions of science and technology become more important for Africa in addressing traditional development issues and successful application of science and technology entails establishing effective institutional framework and linkages so that the various science and technology institutions and the productive sectors work in a system that is focused on achieving developmental goals without undue duplication and completion. Unfortunately, many developing countries especially the poor countries in West Africa do not have human resources, physical and economic infrastructures and access to capital to take full advantage of the science and technology expertise and achievements of the developed countries like the USA, China, and Korea etc. Conclusively, it is imperative for Africa especially West African countries to embrace science and technology as a vital tool for accelerating their socio-economic development as science and technology enhances its international competitiveness and more importantly its position in the world economy.  

scholarly journals PEREMPUAN DAN KESENJANGAN IPTEK

EGALITA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Harini
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Country Today

The role of women in our country today has grown rapidly in all fields, in- cluding the development of science and technology. It is not separated from service Raden Kartini Maya memeperjuangkan have equal rights between men and women. But on the other hand it must be admitted also that in fact there are still wide gaps between groups of highly educated women to men on how to view on the role of women in science and technology devel- opment. Even more extreme again why women are always left behind his achievements in the field of science and technology than men, although there are few women in science and technology achievements are not inferior to men.<br /><br />Keywords: Perempuan, Kesenjangan, ilmu pengetahuan dan Teknologi.

scholarly journals Current status and prospects of the use of biofungicides against plant diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Albert Akhmedovich Khakimov ◽  
Alisher Urazalievich Omonlikov ◽  
Samad Bobomurod Ugli Utaganov
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides ◽  
Great Damage

Plant pathogenic microorganisms cause great damage to the yield of agricultural crops and also reduce their commercial quality. This article highlights information on the level of damage caused to agricultural crops by pests, as well as the development of organic agriculture, which in recent years has received great attention in many developed countries. In addition, the data from literature were analyzed on the current state and problems of production of pesticides in the world and their use in agriculture, the use of biofungicides against plant diseases. The importance of synthetic pesticides, as well as, controlling the use of synthetic fungicides, and the use of alternative biofungicides in their replacement were also revealed. The article concludes on the need for public reforms and the role of systematic scientific research in creating a local biopesticides market.

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