Strategy for Multidimensional Peatland Ecosystem Analysis in the Context of the Atmospheric Properties

There is the need of integration of atmospheric and ecosystem research in order to assess the habitats reaction in the future since the recent climate changes. Peatlands due to their vulnerability are important ecosystems since their strong interaction with the climate system. In stable climatic conditions, they are atmospheric carbon sinks. The study of the atmosphere properties in the context of peatlands productivity requires the application of the multidimensional strategy of field measurements. These kind of measurements are conducted using the following sensors: sun photometer, cloud radar, Raman lidar and eddy covariance (EC) system. They are located and operated at the Rzecin peatland in the framework of the POLIMOS project. So far, aerosols presence in the air was found as a factor that increases the peatland production. This presents the novel strategy of extensive atmospheric studies in order to identify the selected particles type impact on peatlands carbon uptake capabilities.

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LATEST CARBON BALANCE SURVEYS AND MONITORING AT THE KURSK BIOSPHERE STATION OF THE INSTITUTE OF GEOGRAPHY, RAS, IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE NOVEL CONCEPT OF LAND DEGRADATION NEUTRALITY

Problems of Geography ◽

10.24057/probl.geogr.152.9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

D.V. KARELIN ◽

◽

O.E. SUKHOVEEVA ◽

A.N. ZOLOTUKHIN ◽

V.N. LUNIN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Degradation ◽

Carbon Balance ◽

Simulation Models ◽

Field Measurements ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Research Station ◽

Co2 Efflux ◽

The Novel ◽

Natural Ecosystems ◽

C Balance

The paper focuses on the applicability and adaptation of the novel international concept of Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) of the United Nations, as applied to the territory of Russian Federation, taking into account the large variety of its soil and climatic conditions and economic approaches, as well as the historical past. In particular, in this publication, a team of authors made an attempt to assess to what extent the estimates of the carbon balance and its main components for the study area can be used as one of the indicators of the LDN in relation to the most fertile chernozem agrolandscapes in the south of the European part of Russia (Kursk region). Field work and modelling have been carried out in natural ecosystems and agrolandscapes in the neighbourhood of the Kursk Biosphere Station (KBS) of the Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences. This valuable russian scientific research station has a long and rich history of geo(eco)system observations with LDN and net C-balance monitoring of age-old agrolandscapes, becoming one of its present focuses. Using simulation models DNDC, RothC, T&P, C-calculators, as well as long-term field measurements of soil CO2 efflux and carbon net exchange, it was found that individual software tools are not able to adequately assess carbon exchange processes of the complex landscape, but correctly selected ensembles consisting of C-balance simulations and C-calculators supported by field data are able to meet such challenges more successfully. On this condition the area's carbon net balance can serve as an alternative to the recommended global LDN indicators.

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The effect of climate change on depression in urban areas of western Iran

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-021-05565-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hamed Abbasi

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Mental Health ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Western Iran ◽

Regime Changes ◽

Climatic Time Series ◽

Climatic Elements

Abstract Objective Human is accustomed to climatic conditions of the environment where they are born and live throughout their lifetime. The aim of this study is to examine mood swings and depression caused by sudden climate changes that have not yet given the humans a chance to adapt. Results Our results showed that depression could be affected by climate change and as a result, the behavior of climatic elements and trends has damaged mental health in the western regions of Iran. By investigating the trends and changes of climatic time series and their relationship with the rate of depression in urban areas of western Iran, it can be said that climate change is probably a mental health challenge for urban populations. Climate change is an important and worrying issue that makes the life difficult. Rapid climate changes in western Iran including rising air temperature, changes in precipitation, its regime, changes cloudiness and the amount of sunlight have a negative effects on health. The results showed that type of increasing or decreasing trend, as well as different climatic elements in various seasons did not have the same effect on the rate of depression in the studied areas.

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Past climate changes and permafrost depth at the Lake El'gygytgyn site: implications from data and thermal modeling

Climate of the Past ◽

10.5194/cp-9-119-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 119-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

D. Mottaghy ◽

G. Schwamborn ◽

V. Rath

Keyword(s):

Surface Temperature ◽

Thermal Regime ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Ground Surface ◽

Temperature Data ◽

Ice Age ◽

Drilling Process ◽

Past Climate ◽

Ground Surface Temperature ◽

Recent Climate

Abstract. This study focuses on the temperature field observed in boreholes drilled as part of interdisciplinary scientific campaign targeting the El'gygytgyn Crater Lake in NE Russia. Temperature data are available from two sites: the lake borehole 5011-1 located near the center of the lake reaching 400 m depth, and the land borehole 5011-3 at the rim of the lake, with a depth of 140 m. Constraints on permafrost depth and past climate changes are derived from numerical simulation of the thermal regime associated with the lake-related talik structure. The thermal properties of the subsurface needed for these simulations are based on laboratory measurements of representative cores from the quaternary sediments and the underlying impact-affected rock, complemented by further information from geophysical logs and data from published literature. The temperature observations in the lake borehole 5011-1 are dominated by thermal perturbations related to the drilling process, and thus only give reliable values for the lowermost value in the borehole. Undisturbed temperature data recorded over more than two years are available in the 140 m deep land-based borehole 5011-3. The analysis of these observations allows determination of not only the recent mean annual ground surface temperature, but also the ground surface temperature history, though with large uncertainties. Although the depth of this borehole is by far too insufficient for a complete reconstruction of past temperatures back to the Last Glacial Maximum, it still affects the thermal regime, and thus permafrost depth. This effect is constrained by numerical modeling: assuming that the lake borehole observations are hardly influenced by the past changes in surface air temperature, an estimate of steady-state conditions is possible, leading to a meaningful value of 14 ± 5 K for the post-glacial warming. The strong curvature of the temperature data in shallower depths around 60 m can be explained by a comparatively large amplitude of the Little Ice Age (up to 4 K), with low temperatures prevailing far into the 20th century. Other mechanisms, like varying porosity, may also have an influence on the temperature profile, however, our modeling studies imply a major contribution from recent climate changes.

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Analysis of climate change in Dnipropetrovsk Region

Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal ◽

10.31481/uhmj.20.2017.05 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 43-51

Author(s):

V. V. Hrynchak

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Absolute Temperature ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Annual Precipitation ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

Weather Observations ◽

Average Annual Temperature

The decision about writing this article was made after familiarization with the "Brief Climatic Essay of Dnepropetrovsk City (prepared based on observations of 1886 – 1937)" written by the Head of the Dnipropetrovsk Weather Department of the Hydrometeorological Service A. N. Mikhailov. The guide has a very interesting fate: in 1943 it was taken by the Nazis from Dnipropetrovsk and in 1948 it returned from Berlin back to the Ukrainian Hydrometeorological and Environmental Directorate of the USSR, as evidenced by a respective entry on the Essay's second page. Having these invaluable materials and data of long-term weather observations in Dnipro city we decided to analyze climate changes in Dnipropetrovsk region. The article presents two 50-year periods, 1886-1937 and 1961-2015, as examples. Series of observations have a uniform and representative character because they were conducted using the same methodology and results processing. We compared two main characteristics of climate: air temperature and precipitation. The article describes changes of average annual temperature values and absolute temperature values. It specifies the shift of seasons' dates and change of seasons' duration. We studied the changes of annual precipitation and peculiarities of their seasonable distribution. Apart from that peculiarities of monthly rainfall fluctuations and their heterogeneity were specified. Since Dnipro city is located in the center of the region the identified tendencies mainly reflect changes of climatic conditions within the entire Dnipropetrovsk region.

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BEHAVIOR OF SOME GRAPEVINE CULTIVARS FROM MURFATLAR VINEYARD IN THE SPECIAL CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF THE WINE YEAR 2019-2020

Romanian journal of Horticulture ◽

10.51258/rjh.2020.18 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 133-140

Author(s):

Ionica Dina ◽

Aurora Ranca ◽

Anamaria Tănase ◽

Sergiu-Ayar Ene

Keyword(s):

Growth And Development ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Cabernet Sauvignon ◽

Red Wines ◽

White Wines ◽

Vegetative Period ◽

Average Value ◽

Weak Growth

The climate changes in Murfatlar vineyard in recent years consist inthe increase ofmonthly average temperatures, recorded in both cold and warm seasons, accompanied by an irregular distribution of rainfall during the year, which significantly influences the growth of grapevine, the quality and production of grapes.Six representative cultivars were studied, three for white wines: Chardonnay, Columna and Muscat Ottonel and three for red wines: Fetească Neagră, Mamaia and Cabernet Sauvignon. In the last two years (2019-2020) warm winters and very dry summers have led to the onset of budburst, almost simultaneously for all the studied cultivars, followed by a very weak growth and development of shoots (2020) and an acceleration development of phenophases, mainly berween veraison and ripening. Water stress during the vegetative period, a hygroscopicity below 60% between July and August and low vegetative apparatus influenced the growth ofthe berries, resulting small grapes, and a very low must yield in 2020.Concerning the quality of grape production, the studied cultivars achieved more sugar concentrations in berries up to 35.8 g/L (in 2019) and 36.0 g/L (in 2020), higher than the values obtained in normal years. In the conditions of a pronounced dry climate manifested in the two years of study, the productions were below the normal level, especialy in 2020, achieving much diminished productions for all cultivars, except the Mamaia cultivar. The Mamaia cultivar had a positive reaction, registering an increase of production, that exceeded the multiannual value by 20% in 2020 andby 10% in 2019, the concentration of sugars in the must being above the average value obtained in normal years, exceeding by 3% and 9%, respectively, the multiannual average. Statistical calculations were done using SPSS Statistics 17.0, using mainly the Duncan test for a degree of significance of 5%.

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China’s emission control strategies have suppressed unfavorable influences of climate on wintertime PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing since 2002

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-6424 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Meng Gao ◽

Kaili Lin ◽

Shiqing Zhang ◽

Ken kin lam Yung

Keyword(s):

Control Strategies ◽

Emission Control ◽

Field Measurements ◽

Meteorological Conditions ◽

Control Measures ◽

Anthropogenic Emissions ◽

Recent Climate ◽

Decadal Variations ◽

Haze Days ◽

Emission Control Measures

<p>Severe wintertime PM2.5 pollution in Beijing has been receiving increasing worldwide attention, yet the decadal variations remain relatively unexplored. Combining field measurements and model simulations, we quantified the relative influences of anthropogenic emissions and meteorological conditions on PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing overwinters of 2002-2016. Between the winters of 2011 and 2016, stringent emission control measures resulted in a 21% decrease in mean mass concentrations of PM2.5 in Beijing, with 7 fewer haze days per winter on average. Given the overestimation of PM2.5 by model, the effectiveness of stringent emission control measures might have been slightly overstated. With fixed emissions, meteorological conditions over the study period would have led to an increase of haze in Beijing, but the strict emission control measures have suppressed the unfavorable influences of recent climate. The unfavorable meteorological conditions are attributed to the weakening of the East Asia Winter Monsoon associated particularly with an increase in pressure associated with the Aleutian low.</p>

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Geomorphological indicators of large-scale climatic changes in the Eastern Bolivian lowlands

Geographica Helvetica ◽

10.5194/gh-61-120-2006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 120-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. May

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Large Scale ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Landscape Evolution ◽

Spatial Scales ◽

Climatic Changes ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Fluvial Erosion ◽

Paleoclimatic Significance ◽

Bolivian Lowlands

Abstract. This study provides an inventory of geomorphological landforms in Eastern Bolivia at different spatial scales. Landforms and associated processes are interpreted and discussed regarding landscape evolution and paleoclimatic significance. Thereby, preliminary conclusions about past climate changes and the geomorphic evolution in Eastern Bolivia can be provided. Fluvial and aeolian processes are presently restricted to a few locations in the study area. A much more active landscape has been inferred from large-scale Channel shifts and extensive paleodune Systems. Mobilization. transport and deposition of Sediments are thought to be the result of climatic conditions drier than today. However. there are also indications of formerly wetter conditions such as fluvial erosion and paleolake basins. In conclusion, the documentation and interpretation of the manifold landforms has shown to contain a considerable amount of paleoecological information, which might serve as the base for further paleoclimatic research in the central part of tropical South America.

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