scholarly journals The Treatment of Used Reagent Glass Bottles Using Solidification Technology

2018 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 04011
Author(s):  
Anggun Farida ◽  
Iwan Juwana ◽  
Hazairin
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Potential Reduction ◽  
National Regulation ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Glass Bottles ◽  
Solidification Technology

Used reagent glass bottles are solid waste that people rarely pay attention to in Indonesia. In many cases, the bottles are disposed off without proper handling and treatment, due to the lack of research and information. One potential treatment for such waste is to transform the glass bottles into raw materials for concretes. The objective of the research is to determine the influence of crushed glass particles to the quality of the concrete. The potential reduction of glass bottles will also be calculated.The glass bottles used in this research are the amber ones. The concrete was designed to meet the K225 type requirements. Experiments were done using 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% of crushed glass particles. In the concrete production, these crushed glass particles will replace the coarse aggregates. This research measured compressive strength and Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedures (TCLP) tests in accordance to SNI and TCLP Extraction Procedures from BAPEDAL. At the end, it was found that the concretes using all variations meet the requirements. As for the TCLP, it showed that concentrations of Cr6+ for the concretes using all variations were all under the threshold, according to Hazardous National Regulation 101/2014. The potential reduction is 600 – 2100 waste bottles.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effects of Coarse Aggregate Sizes on Concrete Quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Echefulechukwu Obi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Appreciable Increase ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Concrete Quality

This work was necessitated by the observations made at construction sites where artisans and craftsmen were left alone in concrete production. It was discovered that they used inadequate quantity and size of coarse aggregates due to difficulty associated in the mixing as if the coarse aggregates were not needed in concrete production. The research has established that the coarse aggregates and their sizes play critical roles in the development of adequate strength in concrete. It was observed that with proper mixing, the slump test results did not witness shear or collapse type of slump rather there were true slump in all cases of the test. The workability decreased with slight differences when the coarse aggregate size was increased. The increase in the coarse aggregates yielded appreciable increase in the compressive strength. It can therefore be inferred that the quality of concrete in terms of strength can be enhanced through an increase in the coarse aggregate size when proper mix ratio, batching, mixing, transporting, placing and finishings are employed in concrete productions.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Kuat Tekan Dan Kuat Lentur Beton Mutu Tinggi Dengan Menggunakan Berbagai Merk Semen Di Kota Pekanbaru

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Roza Mildawati
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Construction Services ◽  
Cement Factories ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Cylindrical Test

[ID] Concrete is a very popular building material used in the world of construction services, consisting of a mixture of Portland Cement (PC) or other hydraulic cement, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates and water, with or without using additional materials. The quality of materials such as cement also greatly affects the strength of the concrete after hardening, so the selection of cement quality must be in accordance with the concrete planning regulations in order to obtain optimal results. In Indonesia there are many new cement factories that produce to meet the needs of the community, one of which is the Conch brand cement. So in connection with the above, Conch cement can be examined to compare the value of compressive strength and flexural strength with old cement, namely cement Padang, Tiga Roda, Holcim and Bosowa which are generally always used in concrete planning at this time.The purpose of this study was to determine the comparison of compressive strength and flexural strength of the concrete and the multiplier between cement Padang, Three Wheels and Conch at 28 days of age. In this study using the method SNI 03-2834-2000. With cylindrical test specimens (150 mm x 300 mm) and size beams (150 mm x 150 mm x 600 mm) three specimens were made for each cement.The maximum concrete compressive strength is found in Padang cement with a compressive strength of 45.86 Mpa, for the minimum compressive strength found in Tiga Roda cement with compressive strength value of 40.19 Mpa and for the compressive strength of cement Conch there is a second with compressive strength value 42.84 Mpa. From the explanation above, the results of 28 days of concrete compressive strength with each cement brand still not reached the planned concrete compressive strength of 38 MPa. The maximum concrete flexural strength is found in Padang cement with a flexural strength value of 5.03 Mpa, for a minimum flexural strength value found in Tiga Roda cement with a flexural strength value of 3.96 Mpa and for the value of Conch cement compressive strength there is a second with flexural strength 4.43 Mpa. From the explanation above, the results of 28 days of concrete flexural strength with each cement brand that has not reached the 4.4 Mpa plan, namely the three-wheeled cement brand. [EN] Concrete is a very popular building material used in the world of construction services, consisting of a mixture of Portland Cement (PC) or other hydraulic cement, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates and water, with or without using additional materials. The quality of materials such as cement also greatly affects the strength of the concrete after hardening, so the selection of cement quality must be in accordance with the concrete planning regulations in order to obtain optimal results. In Indonesia there are many new cement factories that produce to meet the needs of the community, one of which is the Conch brand cement. So in connection with the above, Conch cement can be examined to compare the value of compressive strength and flexural strength with old cement, namely cement Padang, Tiga Roda, Holcim and Bosowa which are generally always used in concrete planning at this time.The purpose of this study was to determine the comparison of compressive strength and flexural strength of the concrete and the multiplier between cement Padang, Three Wheels and Conch at 28 days of age. In this study using the method SNI 03-2834-2000. With cylindrical test specimens (150 mm x 300 mm) and size beams (150 mm x 150 mm x 600 mm) three specimens were made for each cement.The maximum concrete compressive strength is found in Padang cement with a compressive strength of 45.86 Mpa, for the minimum compressive strength found in Tiga Roda cement with compressive strength value of 40.19 Mpa and for the compressive strength of cement Conch there is a second with compressive strength value 42.84 Mpa. From the explanation above, the results of 28 days of concrete compressive strength with each cement brand still not reached the planned concrete compressive strength of 38 MPa. The maximum concrete flexural strength is found in Padang cement with a flexural strength value of 5.03 Mpa, for a minimum flexural strength value found in Tiga Roda cement with a flexural strength value of 3.96 Mpa and for the value of Conch cement compressive strength there is a second with flexural strength 4.43 Mpa. From the explanation above, the results of 28 days of concrete flexural strength with each cement brand that has not reached the 4.4 Mpa plan, namely the three-wheeled cement brand.

Influence of Morphology of Cathode-Ray Tube Glass as Coarse Aggregates on Compressive Strength and Water Absorption of Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 399-409
Author(s):  
Nurul Noraziemah Mohd Pauzi ◽  
Maslina Jamil ◽  
Roszilah Hamid ◽  
Muhammad Fauzi Mohd Zain
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Capillary Water ◽  
Capillary Water Absorption ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Concrete Properties ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Cathode Ray Tube ◽  
Texture Size

The study on the substitution for natural coarse aggregates using waste CRT funnel glass in spherically shapes is still limited. In this paper, the waste CRT glass has been processed to form a spherical CRT glass (GS) and crushed CRT glass (GC), which were used as a coarse aggregate in concrete production. Results indicated that the inclusion of GS and GC has lower the compressive strength and decreased the rate of capillary water absorption of concrete. It was demonstrated that the morphology properties of GS and GC (shape, surface texture, size, grading) is significantly affected the concrete properties.

scholarly journals A Proposition of an In Situ Production of a Blended Cement

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Halbiniak ◽  
Jacek Katzer ◽  
Maciej Major ◽  
Izabela Major
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Concrete Production

Many byproducts and waste materials with pozzolanic properties can substitute natural raw materials in cement production. Some of these waste materials like fly ash and blast furnace slag are commonly harnessed by cement industry. Others are of seldom use due to limitations of the very centralized cement production systems currently in use. In the authors opinion, it is necessary to change this system to enable efficient utilization of various waste materials that are available locally (e.g., white and red ceramics). In this study, a new partially centralized system of cement production is proposed. The adoption of a new system would significantly reduce the volume of long-distance transportation and enable utilization of numerous locally available waste materials that are currently dismissed. The last stage of production of the ready-to-use cement would take place in situ. The cement would be produced on demand and be immediately used for concrete production on-site. The research program was conducted considering the importance of the quality of cements obtained in the new way, substituting up to 12% of its mass by white ceramics. The research program was proof of concept of the proposed cement production system. It was shown that the quality of “in situ cement” does not differ from standard cements.

Optimalisasi Kuat Tekan dan Kuat Lentur Beton Menggunakan Campuran Lateks

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Ary Prastowo ◽  
Ahmad Ridwan ◽  
Edy Gardjito ◽  
Zendy Bima Mahardana
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
A Value ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Concrete Quality

Concrete is a building construction material that has an important role. Concrete itself tends to have strong properties in resisting compressive forces, but weak in resisting tensile or flexural forces. The use of additives in concrete is an option to improve the basic properties of concrete. Latex or rubber latex is one of the natural materials that can be used in concrete mixtures. Its adhesive properties can be utilized in improving the quality of concrete. This study aims to determine the compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete with the addition of latex. The research was conducted experimentally by making concrete specimens in the laboratory. The addition of latex by 10% and 30% with a planned concrete quality of fc' 29.5 MPa. The test object used is a cylinder measuring 15x30 cm and a beam measuring 15x15x30 cm. The tests carried out were testing the compressive strength and flexural strength at the age of 28 days. The results showed that the highest compressive strength was at the addition of 10% latex with a value of 9.96 MPa. While the highest flexural strength value obtained was 3.20 Mpa at the addition of 10% Latex or. From these results it can be seen that the addition of latex has not been able to improve the quality of concrete and has not been able to increase the compressive strength or flexural strength of concrete. So that these results can be used as research development or concrete production.

scholarly journals Kajian Pengaruh Variasi Material Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Suhendra Suhendra
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Concrete Aggregate ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Laboratory Test Results

Aggregate quality is very influential on the strength of the resulting concrete. Both coarse and fine aggregates have various characteristics identified from laboratory test results. This study aims to examine the use of various aggregates for a quality of concrete. The coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate used are obtained from the nearest location to the work to be performed. The quality of the concrete reviewed is K-125, K-175 and K-225. The coarse aggregates used are 1-2 size (in cm), 2-3 size (in cm) crushed aggregate and coral. The fine aggregates used for each of the coarse aggregates are also different. The results showed that the coral aggregate did not meet the gradations of concrete aggregate. While the fine aggregate does not meet the gradation of concrete aggregate for the three types used. The concrete compressive strength test results show the use of coarse aggregates of 2-3 size of crushed and coarse aggregate of corals giving the average compressive strength value required for all planned concrete strength. While concrete using coarse aggregates of rocks of size 1-2 only meet the specified compressive strength, but does not meet the required compressive strength.Key words: Aggregates, concrete, compressive strength

scholarly journals УЧЕТ ВЛИЯНИЯ КАЧЕСТВА СЫРЬЕВЫХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ БЕТОНА И УСЛОВИЙ ЕГО ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ НА ДОЛГОВЕЧНОСТЬ БЕТОННЫХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ С ПОЗИЦИЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО НОРМИРОВАНИЯ

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gubskaya ◽  
A. Gapotchenko ◽  
T. Volovik
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Artificial Stone ◽  
Production And Operation

Статья посвящена актуальной проблеме влияния качества сырья и условий эксплуатации на долговечность бетонных изделий. Бетон это искусственный каменный строительный материал, получаемый в результате формования и затвердевания рационально подобранной и уплотненной смеси, состоящей из вяжущего вещества, крупных и мелких заполнителей, воды. В ряде случаев может иметь в составе специальные добавки. Процесс производства бетона включает в себя основные стадии: анализ исходных материалов, подбор состава бетона, формование бетона с соблюдением условий его изготовления и эксплуатации. Целью статьи является анализ характерных ошибок, связанных с несоблюдением технологического процесса, которые могут иметь место в процессе производства и эксплуатации бетона. Одним из важных факторов, влияющих на качество бетона, является качество цемента, входящего в его состав. В статье затрагивается проблема необходимости внесения изменений в ряд технических нормативных правовых актов, устанавливающих требования к качеству цемента, используемого в производстве бетона. Авторами предложены изменения, внесение которых исключит впоследствии данный фактор из числа негативно влияющих на качество бетона . Акцентирование внимания на данной проблеме является актуальным как в промышленном масштабе, так и для частного использования. Авторами на основании данных, полученных в процессе работы лаборатории физико-химических и теплофизических исследований Государственного предприятия Институт НИИСМ , представлен анализ данной проблемы. Выявлено, что основные проблемы, приводящие к разрушению бетона, связаны как с несоблюдением технологии изготовления бетонных изделий (качество сырьевых материалов, дозировка их в сырьевой смеси, условия формирования изделий), так и с эксплуатацией бетонных изделий.The article is devoted to the actual problem of influence of quality of raw materials and operating conditions on durability of concrete products. Concrete is an artificial stone building material obtained by forming and solidifying a rationally selected and compacted mixture consisting of a binder, large and small fillers, water. In some cases, it may be composed of special additives. The process of concrete production includes the main stages: analysis of raw materials, selection of concrete composition, molding of concrete in compliance with the conditions of its manufacture and operation. The purpose of the article is to analyze the characteristic errors that may be in the production and operation of concrete associated with non-compliance with the process. One of the important factors affecting the quality of concrete is the quality of the cement included in its composition. The article touches upon the problem of the need to make changes to a number of technical regulations that establish requirements for the quality of cement used in the production of concrete. The authors propose changes, the introduction of which will subsequently exclude this factor from the number of negatively affecting the quality of concrete. Focusing on this problem is relevant both on an industrial scale and for private use. The authors, on the basis of the data obtained in the course of the laboratory of physico-chemical and thermophysical studies of the State enterprise Institute of niism, presented an analysis of this problem. It is revealed that the main problems leading to the destruction of concrete are associated with non-compliance with the technology of manufacturing concrete products (the quality of raw materials, their dosage in the raw mixture, the conditions of formation of products), and the operation of concrete products.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN ABU LIMBAH KERTAS PADA PEMBUATAN BATU BATA

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Herix Sonata ◽  
Dewi Yudiana Shinta ◽  
Mulyadi Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Paper Waste ◽  
Wall Construction ◽  
Home Industries ◽  
Average Compressive Strength

The increasing number of population each year makes the number of building needs for houses, buildings, schools, offices and other infrastructure will increase. In general, building consumption cannot be separated from the use of bricks as a form of wall construction in building construction. The size and compressive strength of bricks circulating in the market are of poor quality which comes from fabrication, local work or home industries. In the brick-making process, bricklayers only use certain types of soil to maintain the quality of brick production. As a result, the availability of soil as the main material in brick making will decrease. Another alternative to meet the shortcomings of the brick-forming material and make it stronger and more durable, can be used as a substitute for other materials such as waste paper. The use of paper waste is an effort to find new types of building materials and to reduce environmental pollution problems due to paper waste. This study aims to analyze the concentration of the addition of paper waste ash on the strength of the bricks. The benefit of this research is as an alternative study of meeting the needs of brick raw materials for environmentally friendly buildings by utilizing paper waste ash. The results showed the effect of a mixture of paper waste ash as a clay additive on the compressive strength of normal bricks (fc '2.9 MPa). The percentage value of compressive strength with a mixture of paper waste ash 3% obtained an average compressive strength of 40.10 kg / cm2, 5% mixture variation obtained an average compressive strength of 61.48 kg / cm2 and 7% mixture variation obtained an average compressive strength average 64.12 kg / cm2 against the compressive strength of normal bricks 37.28 kg / cm2. The conclusion of this research is that the variation of the mixture of paper waste ash with a variation of 7% paper waste ash mixture exceeding 60 kg / cm² (compressive strength class III) SNI 15-2094-2000a. This shows that paper waste ash can increase the compressive strength of bricks.

scholarly journals Sand-lime bricks with addition of basalt powder

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-157
Author(s):  
Paulina Kostrzewa
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Potential Customers ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Interesting Solution

The purpose of the work is to modify traditional lime-sand products with the addition of basalt dust. It is to improve the physical and mechanical parameters of the material. Thanks to this, bricks will have a better price / quality ratio and will be a more interesting solution for potential customers. To the silicate mass of raw material, after the process of extinguishing the lime in the mass, a modifier in the form of basalt dust was added, and then bricks were formed and autoclaved. The effect of the applied additive on the quality of products, made of the prepared mass, was evaluated on the basis of a comparative analysis of traditional lime-sand products and products modified with the addition of basalt dust. The tests were carried out in accordance with the methodology included in the standards. Replacing the part of traditional silicate mass with basalt dust at the production stage had a positive effect on the processes occurring during the autoclaving of the discussed products. The additive under hydrothermal conditions reacted with lime and silica to form additional amounts of the C-S-H phase. The use of basalt dust, in the amount of 5-20% in relation to the mass of raw materials, gave an improvement in compressive strength by up to 100% compared to samples without a modifier. Keywords: silicates, ecology, basalt powder, environment, sand-lime products, microstructure

scholarly journals Penerapan Metode Taguchi untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Bata Ringan pada UD. XY Malang

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Putri Halimah ◽  
Yurida Ekawati
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Optimal Composition ◽  
Material Control ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Standard Composition

<p>Light brick compressive strength produced by UD. XY has a very high variation because there is no standard composition of raw materials. This research is carried out to design an improvement or quality improvement for light brick products at UD. XY. Quality improvement is on increasing the compressive strength of light brick with optimal composition. Quality improvement is conducted using the experimental design of the Taguchi method to obtain an optimal composition combination. The orthogonal array notation used is L9(34) with material control factors in the form of water (A), cement (B), and sand (C). Data processing is done by calculating ANOVA on average values and SNR with larger better classification. The classification is chosen because of the greater the compressive strength of the light brick the higher the quality of the light brick. This ANOVA calculation is carried out to find out which factors significantly influence the light brick compressive strength. The test conducted to determine the quality of light brick is a concrete compressive strength test carried out using the Compression Machine. Based on the results of data processing, a comparison of the optimal composition of water: cement: sand is 1: 2.5: 4. The confirmation experiment proves that the compressive strength of the composition is robust.</p>

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