scholarly journals Experimental research of vehicle traction properties for reconstruction of traffic accidents

2018 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 05005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Dudziak ◽  
Andrzej Lewandowski ◽  
Michał Śledziński
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cognitive Factor ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Full Reconstruction

In order to broaden the database of motor vehicle traction properties in unusual conditions, the research team has performed experimental studies: on wet and snow-covered surfaces. Tests of vehicles equipped with winter tyres with non-skid snow chains have been performed on snow-covered surfaces. It has been shown that on snowy surface chains affect vehicle traction properties, mostly during acceleration. They increase the rate of acceleration up to 50% compared to a vehicle with winter tyres without chains. The results of the performed research can be the basis for the full reconstruction of road accidents under these conditions. Knowledge of traction properties of cars in difficult and unusual conditions is an important cognitive factor and serves to improve road safety.

scholarly journals Usage of the device keeping the driver from falling asleep as a factor in reducing road accidents

2018 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 02052
Author(s):  
Andrey Bogdanov ◽  
Svetlana Popova ◽  
Anton Kalugin ◽  
Vitaliy Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Falling Asleep

A significant proportion of internal transportation of goods is carried out by road. Statistics show that a large number of road traffic accidents, including fatalities, have to do with the driver falling asleep behind the wheel. A method was developed to stop the driver from falling asleep behind the wheel and a device to implement it; as a result, a patent for an invention was obtained. Some experimental studies were realized to implement this method and ensure the functioning of the device. As an example, the results of an experiment with KAMAZ 55102 motor vehicle were quoted, including the measure of the steering wheel angle (αBH = 4,6°) above which it is considered as steering of the wheel operator. In addition to that, the value of the minimum allowable number of steerings of the awake operator in a unit of time was given, and it came up to 0.5 steerings a second. Based on the experimental studies, some theoretical dependences describing the operation of the device preventing the driver from falling asleep at the wheel of a vehicle were developed.

OVERVIEW OF NEW TECHNICAL MEANS OF TRAFFIC ORGANIZATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 672-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Мочалина ◽  
Yu. Mochalina ◽  
Шевцова ◽  
A. Shevtsova
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Technical Tool ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Traffic Lane ◽  
Bright Yellow ◽  
Traffic Organization ◽  
Traffic Rules

This article presents a review of existing technical means of traffic organization. Considered new, innovative technical means to ensure road safety, as well as its organization. There is a review of each technical means, special attention is paid to such tools as «wafer» marking representing a traffic lane bright yellow or orange in the form of a grid. Applying this markup is necessary to reduce the number of vehicles leaving the intersection during the prohibiting traffic signal. The experience of using it has shown that it is possible to reduce the number of offences in this area are on average 20%. As reviewed by technical means was deliniator - artificial border, which is used as road markings and divider lanes. Mostly Delineator necessary for reducing accidents, these devices are designed to minimize and often completely eliminate the risk of oncoming traffic accidents, which explains their effectiveness. Another technical tool, given the focus in this paper attributed the improved lights illuminated sections of the turn. This non-standard technical tool mostly used abroad, but the positive experience of its application will allow to apply it in Russia. The idea is that when a malfunction of a traffic light, the driver will know exactly about this phenomenon, due to the fact that the section is not highlighted. The application of these devices will reduce the number of road accidents and will not allow to leave vehicles at the junction with faulty traffic lights. Also the system of «Odyssey», which has also found its application in the implementation of management on a regulated intersection. This system consists of a camera and device for monitoring vehicles, which are used to detect and fix the location of the vehicle, which was speeding or violating other traffic rules and also to reduce the risk of road accidents. The combination of considered technical means of traffic organization improves the efficiency of traffic organization and to reduce the risk of road accidents.

scholarly journals Road accidents in the early days of the automotive industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Goniewicz ◽  
Mariusz Goniewicz ◽  
Witold Pawłowski ◽  
Piotr Fiedor
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Death Toll ◽  
The World ◽  
Road Fatality

Abstract The first recorded road fatality happened over 140 years ago. Since then, road accidents have become one of the main causes of concern in almost every country in the world. Nowadays, fatal motor vehicle crashes occur at an interval of 50 seconds and injuries happen every two seconds. According to the WHO, the world road death toll is nearly 1.3 million and 20-50 million of people have been badly injured in road accidents and usually require long and expensive treatment. This paper looks at the issue of road accidents in the earliest days of the automotive industry. The article looks at the first laws, which were introduced to improve road safety. Virtually every member of society is somewhat affected by road transport. All traffic participants are at risk of an accident to a certain degree which is why reducing this risk should become a priority.

scholarly journals Analysis Of Road Accidents Involving Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (10) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Ikromov Ikboljon Abdukhalilovich ◽  
◽  
Akhunov Javlon Abdujalilovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Safety Rules

The article presents the analysis of statistical data of drilling road accidents with children. Proposals are given for the development of new technologies for the prevention of injuries to children in road traffic accidents, as well as training them in road safety rules and ensuring the safety of pedestrians on the roads around educational institutions.

Road Safety and Mobile Phone Behaviors

2015 ◽  
pp. 1356-1365
Author(s):  
Junaid Ahmad Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Lane Position ◽  
The Impact

Mobile phone use while driving is one of the major road safety risks. In surveys from different settings, the rate of mobile phone use while driving ranged from 1 to 11%. Literature from observational and experimental studies show that driving capacities such as reacting to traffic hazards, maintaining a central lane position, maintaining a safe distance and speed are negatively affected when using a mobile phone while driving. Several epidemiological studies suggest that motor vehicle collision risks increase by two to nine times when using a mobile phone (handheld or hands-free) compared to not using the phone while driving. Considering these findings, almost three-quarters of the countries have adopted legislation banning the use of handheld mobile phone devices while driving. These interventions, however, are insufficient to deal with the use of hands-free mobile phones while driving and texting which are challenging to ascertain and prevent. Currently, “in-vehicle” and collision avoidance technologies are being evaluated to further reduce the impact of these road menaces in our society.

scholarly journals Przedsiębiorczość a bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 270-277
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Ożdżyński
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
National Council ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
National Education ◽  
The Road ◽  
Government Institutions

The article presents examples of activities and enterprising attitudes researched by the author in the field of the enterprise in the improvement of the road safety.  There are also presented the examples of enterprising activities of many institutions interested in this matter - from government-institutions, including the Department of the National Education, the Department of Transport and Building, the National Council of Traffic Safety, provincial Centres of Road Traffic, the Police and schools, to the over government institutions like European Parliament and Council and private driving schools.  The author presents the system of education about traffic safety - puts emphasis on activities of the driving schools - as an example of enterprising activities. The article gives examples of protecting pedestrians in road accidents. The article compares also the chosen indicators concerning traffic accidents in Poland and in chosen countries of the European Union in years 2000-2004.

scholarly journals Assessment improvement of road accidents on highways of the Far North as the basis for sustainable regional development

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 00007
Author(s):  
Dmitry A. Skorobogatchenko ◽  
Vitaly S. Borovik ◽  
Vitaly V. Borovik ◽  
Anton Y. Zhabunin ◽  
Roman R. Chugumbaev
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Far North ◽  
Wide Range

The paper substantiates the need to assess the road safety in the specific conditions of the Far North by means of the analysis of the factors in the “driver-car-road-environment” system. The authors suggest a methodology for assessment of road traffic accidents, which makes it possible to take into account a wide range of factors affecting road accidents. In particular, the simulation takes into account the characteristics of the driver, technical condition of the vehicle, road conditions, weather and climate. Adaptive neural networks based on fuzzy inference systems are used as a tool for road safety assessment. The authors mention the results of statistical studies on a number of variables of the “driver-car-road-environment” system, which make it possible to form membership functions in the fuzzy inference system. The final part of the paper presents the practical results of road safety assessment for various categories of drivers in different road conditions in one of the largest cities in the Far North.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Fractures in a Tropical Country

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Pascal Chigblo ◽  
Éric Lawson ◽  
Iréti Fiacre Tidjani ◽  
Adébola Padonou ◽  
Christian Térance Nezien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Surgical Emergencies ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles

Introduction: The increasing number of vehicles and the proliferation of two-wheeled vehicles accentuate the frequency of fractures in our country. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology of fractures in Cotonou. Materials and Methods: This prospective two-year study focused on all patients admitted to the emergency department of the National Teaching Hospital of Cotonou for a fracture injury. Results: 1794 fractures were collected in 1432 patients. Fractures accounted for 24.9% of surgical emergencies. The average age was 33.7 years (29 days - 90 years). The dominance was male with a sex ratio of 3.62. Etiological circumstances were dominated by road traffic accidents (75.8%), The etiological circumstances were dominated by road accidents (75.8%), motorcyclists being the most affected (48.5%). The admission average was 27.33 hours (15 minutes - 29 days). Fractures preferentially sat on the lower limbs (64.4%). In descending order of frequency, were distinguished the fractures of leg (32.2%), of the femur (19.8%) and of the forearm (14.8%). Conclusion: fractures are common. The etiologies are dominated by traffic accident. The lesions predominate in the lower limb. The establishment of good road safety policy (improving track conditions, extension of the highway code ...) would reduce their frequency.

scholarly journals Identification of Road Accident by using Black Spot Method Between Panthaghati to Dhalli Road

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 723-728
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Black Spots

In India road accidents are very serious problem because of large population and high traffic density of vehicles. Most of the road accidents occur mainly due to the negligence of driver and poor infrastructure only a few accidents occur due to the technical error of vehicles. The main purpose of this research paper is prevention of road traffic accidents and improvement of road safety in Shimla. Road safety is very important aspect of today’s life, so it is important that everybody should aware about road safety. To do this study a section of 12km length is chosen between Panthaghati to Dhalli in district Shimla on NH 5 where accidents black spots are identified for the section by analyzing secondary data used to prevent road accidents. In this study primary data is used for observing the road conditions and secondary data is used to find accidents black spot. Black Spot is a point or a place on the road where road accident occurs repeatedly one after another which is known as accident black spot. To identify these black spots we use weighted severity index (WSI) method. It is one the most reliable and effective method for determining the most proven accidents black spots. Shimla is a hilly area and it has narrow roads, blind curve and black spots which increase the chances of road traffic accidents. In past recent years road traffic accidents are increasing in Shimla and this study deals with identification of major issues causing road traffic accidents. This research paper helps to improve the road safety in Shimla because in this study the analysis has been done to identify the major problems responsible for gradually increasing road accidents. This research paper is also used in future research paper as reference purpose and it will also provide an overview to other researchers who want do their research on similar kind of topics.

STATE OF ROAD SAFETY WHEN TRANSPORTING PASSENGERS IN TAXI

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Т.М. Линник ◽  
Д.В. Митрошин
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents

В статье представлены результаты исследования основных и относительных показателей дорожно-транспортной аварийности с участием водителей легкового такси, а также причин и условий, способствующих возникновению данных дорожно- транспортных происшествий с 2015 по 2019 год. The article presents the results of a study of the main and relative indicators of road traffic accidents involving drivers of passenger taxis, as well as the causes and conditions that contribute to the occurrence of these road accidents from 2015 to 2019.

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