scholarly journals Modern methods for surface wastewater treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 09020
Author(s):  
Oleg Primin ◽  
Galina Varyushina
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Technical Solutions

The article gives the characteristics of the system of removal and purification of surface wastewater in Moscow. One of the features of this system is the large-scale use of hydrographic network of the city as elements of the drainage network. Currently improvement of the ecological state of water objects is only possible if to reduce anthropogenic load on them and watersheds, to recover self-cleaning abilities of water bodies and the to protect groundwater from contamination. The article reveals results of research, and contains technological parameters for facilities of surface sewage water purification and recommendations to improve their operation. Article also gives technical solutions to upgrade operated wastewater treatment systems and to ensure the achievement of required standards of treatment of surface runoff when dilution in water. Along with proposals for the reconstruction and construction of wastewater treatment plants with the classical technology of surface water treatment, it is necessary to consider the principle of decentralization with the use of local treatment facilities.

scholarly journals Determination of modeled costs at sewage treatment plants in the case of different sequences of treatment

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1077-1087
Author(s):  
Nikolay A. Makisha
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Submerged Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost

Introduction. The article considers the definition of the key components of operating costs at wastewater treatment plants with a capacity of 1 to 100 thousand cubic meters per day by modeling using specialized software. Materials and methods. In the study, two technological cleaning schemes were investigated — the conventional line-up with biological aeration reactor and secondary clarifier and the scheme of biological aeration reactor with submerged membrane bioreactor for sludge separation. The other structures for the two facilities were identical. Since it was important to obtain results that could be used at real facilities, the values of concentrations of major pollutants typical for urban wastewater before treatment, as well as technological parameters of operation, were used as initial data for calculations. Results. As the results of calculations, the values of concentrations of pollutants in wastewater after treatment using both technological schemes and the values of the required volumes for the arrangement of biological treatment facilities and the area occupied by them were obtained and analyzed. Operating costs were considered in terms of electricity costs for the operation of biological treatment facilities and treatment facilities in General, as well as the specific cost of electricity for treatment 1 m3 of wastewater. In addition, the cost of purchasing membrane modules was calculated, which can be classified as operational due their replacement frequency of approximately every 7–10 years. Conclusions. The results of the study showed that application of membrane technologies at the stage of secondary treatment could have a significant potential for the reconstruction of wastewater treatment plants in conditions of increased productivity and limited opportunities for expanding the area.

Технологические аспекты обезвоживания осадков промышленно-дождевых сточных вод автотранспортных предприятий

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
G. Variushina
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Vacuum Filter ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Cationic Flocculant ◽  
Residual Sludge ◽  
Treatment Facilities

Приводятся сведения об условиях формирования, объемах, химическом составе и свойствах осадков очистных сооружений производственных сточных вод автотранспортных предприятий. Даны примеры технологических решений по обезвоживанию образующихся в процессе очистки шламов. Рассмотрены технологические аспекты процесса интенсификации механического обезвоживания уплотненных осадков с использованием высокомолекулярных полиэлектролитов. Представлены данные лабораторных экспериментов по выбору типа флокулянта, его дозы, технологических параметров процесса, а также результаты определения влажности обезвоженных осадков, полученные на модели барабанного вакуум-фильтра. Приведены примеры эффективных обезвоживающих аппаратов отечественного производства и их технические характеристики, рекомендации и критерии их выбора, а также факторы, оказывающие влияние на эксплуатационные параметры обезвоживающего оборудования. Установлено, что наилучшая обезвоживающая способность барабанных вакуум-фильтров (остаточная влажность шламов от 66 до 83) может быть достигнута при применении катионного флокулянта ВПК-402 для осадков различных производственных цехов автотранспортного предприятия.Information on the conditions of generation, volumes, chemical composition and properties of sludge generated at the industrial wastewater treatment facilities of motor transport enterprises is provided. Examples of process engineering solutions for dewatering sludge generated during the wastewater treatment process are given. The technological aspects of enhancing mechanical dewatering of thickened sludge using high-molecular polyelectrolytes are considered. The data of laboratory experiments on choosing the type of flocculant, its dose, technological parameters of the process, as well as the results of determining the moisture content of dewatered sludge obtained in a model of a drum vacuum filter are presented. Examples of effective domestically produced dewatering apparatus and their technical characteristics, recommendations and criteria for their selection, as well as factors influencing the operational parameters of the dewatering equipment are given. It is found that the highest dewatering capacity of drum vacuum filters (residual sludge moisture content from 66 to 83) can be achieved by using VPK-402 cationic flocculant for processing sludge generated at the workshop premises of a motor transport enterprise.

Bottlenecks in the Implementation of On-Site Wastewater Treatment Plants on a Large Scale in The Netherlands

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 291-298
Author(s):  
Frits A. Fastenau ◽  
Jaap H. J. M. van der Graaf ◽  
Gerard Martijnse
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Definition Of

More than 95 % of the total housing stock in the Netherlands is connected to central sewerage systems and in most cases the wastewater is treated biologically. As connection to central sewerage systems has reached its economic limits, interest in on-site treatment of the domestic wastewater of the remaining premises is increasing. A large scale research programme into on-site wastewater treatment up to population equivalents of 200 persons has therefore been initiated by the Dutch Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning and Environment. Intensive field-research work did establish that the technological features of most on-site biological treatment systems were satisfactory. A large scale implementation of these systems is however obstructed in different extents by problems of an organisational, financial and/or juridical nature and management difficulties. At present research is carried out to identify these bottlenecks and to analyse possible solutions. Some preliminary results are given which involve the following ‘bottlenecks':-legislation: absence of co-ordination and absence of a definition of ‘surface water';-absence of subsidies;-ownership: divisions in task-setting of Municipalities and Waterboards; divisions involved with cost-sharing;-inspection; operational control and maintenance; organisation of management;-discharge permits;-pollution levy;-sludge disposal. Final decisions and practical elaboration of policies towards on-site treatment will have to be formulated in a broad discussion with all the authorities and interest groups involved.

scholarly journals Analysis of storm water systems and sanitary sewers: technical, organizational and economic aspects

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Vorobiyova ◽  
Galina Astratova
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Systems Identification ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
The Moment

The analysis of systems of storm and household Sewerage on the basis of research of some technical, organizational and economic aspects of activity of systems is carried out. It is shown that at the moment the problem of wastewater treatment is extremely relevant. It is established that many companies discharge a large amount of waste water, which is not actually treated in local reservoirs. It is revealed that in the studied area in the Russian Federation as a whole and in the Sverdlovsk region, in particular, there is a failure to comply with the standards of treatment facilities. The key reasons for this situation are the following main factors: physical deterioration of the equipment, unsatisfactory technical condition of treatment facilities; mismatch of the composition of incoming wastewater and treatment systems; lack of wastewater treatment facilities; under-load on hydraulics and uneven flow of wastewater; violation of technical and technological modes of operation of treatment facilities; untimely carrying out of repair and restoration works, replacement of the failed equipment, units and parts; lack of sufficient financing of the industry, financing on the «residual principle»; lack of highly qualified personnel for the implementation of competent operation of treatment facilities; etc. The authors believe that in order to improve the quality of wastewater discharged, reduce their impact on water bodies, reduce the volume of wastewater emissions, the following priority measures are needed: construction of new, reconstruction and expansion of existing treatment facilities; construction of local treatment facilities, post-treatment units; commissioning of recycling and re-water supply systems; identification of additional sources of financing for the treatment facilities system, including through concession agreements, the creation of private-public partnerships; formation of «the state order» and allocation of target budgetary places in colleges and higher education institutions on training in the specialties connected with housing and communal services, water consumption and water disposal.

Biological odour control by diffusion into activated sludge basins

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Bowker
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Fine Bubble ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Odour Control ◽  
Odour Emissions ◽  
Air Streams

Diffusion of odourous air into activated sludge basins is an effective and economical approach for odour control at wastewater treatment plants. Over 30 facilities in North America practice this technique. Most of these applications are for dilute or moderate strength air streams with relatively low hydrogen sulfide (H2S) levels. Unfortunately, the lack of data documenting the effectiveness of the process and concerns for blower corrosion have limited its acceptance as a method for controlling odour emissions. This paper presents a compilation and review of wastewater treatment facilities that are currently using activated sludge diffusion. Performance data are tabulated, and information on operation and maintenance of the blower/diffuser systems are summarized. New data are presented that compare the effectiveness of coarse vs. fine bubble diffusers for treatment of a high strength, high-H2S air stream from sludge holding tanks at Concord, NH. Designand performance information is presented on a dedicated odour control system installed at Phoenixville, Pennsylvania in 1996 that collects high-H2S air streams from an influent chamber and primary clarifiers and diffuses it into a mechanically-aerated activated sludge basin. A cost-effectiveness analysis is presented for a blower/diffuser system installed exclusively for odour control. Methods used to overcome initial operational problems are discussed.

Case studies in dynamic modelling of large-scale wastewater treatment plants

1995 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imre Takacs ◽  
Gilles G Patry ◽  
Bruce watson ◽  
Bruce GALL
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Dynamic Modelling

scholarly journals Estimating the costs of collective treatment of wastewater: the case of Walloon Region (Belgium)

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 640-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Dogot ◽  
Yanni Xanthoulis ◽  
Nathalie Fonder ◽  
Dimitri Xanthoulis
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
Unit Costs ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Walloon Region

This paper contributes to a better understanding of costs for collective wastewater treatment in the Walloon Region (Belgium). Based on a large set of data, unit costs to population equivalents are modelled. Considering investment as well as exploitation costs, the model includes not only wastewater treatment plants but also collector and sewage networks in an integrated approach at the technical basin level. Beyond this modelling, each type of process is analyzed independently in order to explore the structure of investment costs and their variation factors. Then, the model was used to forecast the upcoming expenses for 36 areas which are not yet equipped with collective wastewater treatment facilities. In light of these results, strategic choices for decision makers are discussed.

MODELLING OF FULL-SCALE WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS: HOW DETAILED SHOULD IT BE?

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Watson ◽  
Mark Rupke ◽  
Imre Takács ◽  
Gilles Patry
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Process Unit

Dynamic mathematical modelling of full-scale wastewater treatment plants requires an optimal level of detail to be accurate, effective, but still manageable. Single process models tend to oversimplify the complexities of a large-scale plant and result in erroneous calibrated parameter values or limited predictive power for the model – on the other hand, modelling of every process and process unit is usually impractical, since it cannot be supported by reliable plant data, and requires prohibitive sampling costs and effort. Level of aggregation, settler dimensionality and reactivity, and plug-flow hydraulics were investigated with the help of a sophisticated dynamic modelling package. The results show that there is no general rule or global ‘optimal level’ of modelling – the required modelling detail is a function of influent flow and loading levels, and processes to be simulated (BOD removal, nitrification-denitrification, biological phosphorus removal, settling). In the case of real-life plants, supportable modelling level is often constrained by data availability and reliability.

scholarly journals RATIONAL CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF WATER TREATMENT FACILITIES IN RURAL AREAS

2019 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Y. B. Mosiichuk ◽  
V. P. Khoruzhy
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Water Filtration ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Active Sludge ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Treatment Facilities

In view of the development of cottage construction and enterprises of agricultural products processing, located mainly in rural areas, the development of high-efficient, reliable and easy-to-use treatment plants for the purification of domestic wastewater of low quality is very relevant. The objective of the research is to ensure the high quality purified water and minimize capital and operating costs. To solve this problem, the methods of physical and mathematical modeling were used, as well as numerical and analytical methods for determination and analysis of the parameters of treatment facilities operation. To use the latest advances in science and technology in the area of small-scale wastewater treatment facilities, which are typical for rural settlements and agro-industrial enterprises, in these conditions it is proposed to use bioreactors and contact clarifying filters. As the research has shown, water quality indicators of purified water change during the time of water filtration Tf and depend on the velocity of water filtration Vf and a specific cleanings capacity of the filter: at the beginning their values decrease as a result of accumulation of active sludge in the subfilter space, and then they begin to rise due to the increase of hydraulic resistance to water motion and removing this residual matter into filtered water. The article also presents the results of investigations on changes in the content of organic compounds in filtered water during the filtration cycle Тf by the biochemical oxygen consumption value (BOCV) depending on a water filtration rate Vf, m/h, and the amount of active sludge (specific dirt content of the filter G, kg/m2), as well as the changes in the content of suspended matter Сf.i. due to the same parameters. The recommendations on the effective operation of wastewater treatment facilities of the proposed design that which ensure their reliable and high-performance operation, were developed.  

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