scholarly journals A model of low-velocity impact damage assessment of laminated composite structures

2018 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 01012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos P. Stamoulis ◽  
Stylianos K. Georgantzinos ◽  
Georgios I. Giannopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Damage Initiation ◽  
Laminated Composite Structures

Laminated composites have important applications in modern aeronautical structures due to their extraordinary mechanical and environmental behaviour. Nevertheless, aircraft composite structures are highly vulnerable to impact damage, either by low-velocity sources during maintenance or high-velocity sources during in-flight events. Even barely visible impact damage induced by low-velocity loading, substantially reduces the residual mechanical performance and the safe-service life of the composites structures. Despite the extensive research already carried out, impact damage of laminated composite structures is still not well understood and it is an area of on-going research. Numerical modelling is considered as the most efficient tool as compared to the expensive and time-consuming experimental testing. In this paper, a finite element model based on explicit dynamics formulations is adopted. Hashin criterion is applied to predict the intra-laminar damage initiation and evolution. The numerical analysis is performed using the ABAQUS® programme. The employed modelling approach is validated using numerical results found in the literature and the presented results show an acceptable correlation to the available literature data. It is demonstrated that the presented model is able to capture force-time response as well as damage evolution map for a range of impact energies.

Impact damage in composite aircraft structures-experimental testing and numerical simulation

1998 ◽  
Vol 212 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Wide Range

This paper describes a strategy for predicting internal damage in a laminated composite structure, when subjected to low-velocity impact. The aim was to obtain a better understanding of and cure for the notorious reduction in strength of aircraft compression panels when they suffered barely visible impact damage (BVID). A finite element model is presented which incorporates the non-linear behaviour due to gross deformation, interlaminar delamination and in-plane fibre and matrix failure. The strategy is validated by impact tests for a wide range of carbon/epoxy composite structures ranging from small stiff plates to realistic aircraft compression panels. It is demonstrated that the finite element model is capable of predicting impact damage in laminated composite structures and thus could be used as a design tool.

A Damage Analysis on the Composite Plate Subjected to Low Velocity Impact

2006 ◽  
Vol 306-308 ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
Young Shin Lee ◽  
Hyun Soo Kim ◽  
Young Jin Choi ◽  
Jae Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
Composite Plate ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Matrix Cracking ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Delamination Failure

The laminated composite structures applied to the wing and the speed brake of an aircraft or the turbine blade of a compressor. These structures may be impacted by birds and hails during operation. They may also be impacted by drop of a tool during manufacture or repair. Unlike high velocity impact damage, which can be easily found by the naked eye, the damage due to low velocity impact may be difficult to detect. Damage which is not detected may cause failure of a structure and result in damage propagation. Growth of damage means reduction of stiffness on the structure. So, exact prediction of damage caused by a low velocity impact is very important in order to guard against sudden failure of the structure. In this study, modified delamination failure criterion has suggested in order to predict the failure behavior of a composite plate subjected to low-velocity impact. The criterion includes the assumption which is matrix cracking mode causes delamination failure. Predicted damage using supposed delamination criterion is similar to experiment results.

Passive Damage Detection of Natural Fibre Reinforced Composites Using Sensor Response Data

2014 ◽  
Vol 534 ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zaleha ◽  
Shahruddin Mahzan ◽  
M.I. Idris
Keyword(s):  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Damage Initiation ◽  
Response Data ◽  
Sensor Signals

This paper presents the detection of impact damage in a natural fibre reinforced composite plate under low velocity impact damage. Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) sensors were placed at ten different positions on each plate in order to record the response signals. The response signals captured from each sensor were collected for impacts performed by a data acquisition system. The impacted plates were examined with optical microscope to examine the damaged areas. It was found that the damaged size grew proportionally with impact force. The results also revealed that PZT sensors can be used to detect the damage extent with the waveform of sensor signals implying the damage initiation and propagation which detected above the damage force of 150N.

Impact on composite structures

2004 ◽  
Vol 108 (1089) ◽  
pp. 541-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. O. Davies ◽  
R. Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Laminated Composite Structures ◽  
Consequent Reduction ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Research Initiatives ◽  
Damage Tolerant

The problem of impact damage in laminated composite structures, and the consequent reduction in residual strength, has been a topic of continual research for over two decades. The number of journal papers on the subject now runs into four figures and most have been conscientiously reviewed by Abrate(1991, 1994, 1998). This review is not intended to be in the academic tradition, with emphasis on acknowledging the authorship of all the various research initiatives. Instead we present our opinions so that the reader can appreciate our current understanding of the problem, our capability of predicting by analysis, and the scope of the design tools for avoiding structural damage, or at least designing damage tolerant aerospace structures.

scholarly journals Prediction of the Compresion-After-Impact Strength of Thin-Skin Stiffened Composite Panels

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 096369350000900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhuk ◽  
C. Soutis ◽  
I. Guz
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Composite Panels ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Damage Initiation ◽  
Mechanics Model ◽  
Stiffened Composite Panels ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Thin Skin ◽  
The Impact

The compressive response of thin-skin stiffened composite panels with low velocity impact damage is examined. The finite element method together with the Soutis-Fleck fracture mechanics model is used to predict damage initiation in the form of fibre microbuckling in the 0° plies, propagation and final failure; in the model the impact damage is replaced with an equivalent circular or elliptical open hole. Theoretical results are compared to experimental data and found in good agreement.

EFFECT OF IMPACTOR MASS ON CFRP IN ARCTIC CONDITION UNDER LOW-VELOCITY IMPACT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARNOB BANIK ◽  
CHAO ZHANG ◽  
K. T. TAN
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Damage Initiation ◽  
Thermal Chamber ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
The Impact

This study investigates the impact response and damage characterization of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) under low-velocity impact by impactors of different masses and velocities at 62J. Low-velocity impacts are conducted at room temperature (23ºC) as well as low temperature (-70ºC) conditions in the thermal chamber of the drop tower testing machine, Instron CEAST 9350. The aim is to observe composite behavior in the cold Arctic environment due to equal energy impacts. Moreover, a 3mm thickness of ice is created on the CFRP samples at -12ºC after 24 hours of freezing and impacted at -70ºC. The goal is to elucidate the contribution of surface ice on the overall impact damage of composites. X-ray micro-computed tomography is utilized to reveal the inner damages of the composite structures. Intralaminar damage in the form of fiber breakage is found as the dominant failure mode on the CFRP samples from 62J impacts. But differences in the delamination and matrix crack formation are identified for different mass-velocity configurations and environmental conditions. Results show that low mass impactors produce a larger damage initiation force on the composites at all temperatures, whereas no specific trend is observed in the peak force values due to severe fiber failure. Although higher mass impactors show longer impact duration, lower mass impactors develop greater damage on the CFRP, as seen by a greater reduction in specimen stiffness. Furthermore, the presence of ice is observed to have a minimal effect on the damage behavior of composites. But ice layer assists to reduce the amplitude of initial load drop by the low mass impactor and as such, less permanent displacement is identified in the CFRP specimens than both room temperature and low-temperature conditions. This study explores the understanding of the dynamic behavior of composites under low-temperature icy conditions.

Real-time monitoring of low-velocity impact damage for composite structures with the omnidirection carbon nanotubes’ buckypaper sensors

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 454-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaowei Lu ◽  
Kai Du ◽  
Xiaoqiang Wang ◽  
Caijiao Tian ◽  
Duo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Gauge Factor ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Repeated Impact ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
The Impact

A novel, omnidirectional, nanomaterial-based sensor technology which can provide wide area damage detection of composite structures was proposed in this work. The behaviors of the buckypaper sensors subjected to both tensile and low-velocity impact were investigated. The experimental results showed that the rectangle buckypaper sensor has a large range of sensing coefficients from 21.40 to 35.83 at different directions under tensile. However, the circular buckypaper sensor has a steady sensing coefficient of about 155.63. Thus, the circular buckypaper sensor as a kind of omnidirectional sensor was chosen to monitor the impact damage. The low-velocity impact damage of composite structures is characterized by the gauge factor of omnidirectional buckypaper sensors and the results of C-scanning. Omnidirectional buckypaper sensors’ electrical resistance increases with repeated impact loading; composite structure elastic deformation and damage evolution can be identified from resistance change. Experiment results show that structure monitoring based on the omnidirectional buckypaper sensor not only can detect small barely visible impact damage flaws and the damage evaluation of composite structures subjected to impact but also can determine the location of low-velocity impact damage through the analysis of results. Through comparison with C-scan, the results have preliminarily demonstrated that the omnidirectional carbon nanotubes’ buckypaper sensor can serve as an efficient tool for sensing the evolution of impact damage as well as serve structural health monitoring of composite structures.

scholarly journals Palliatives for Low Velocity Impact Damage in Composite Laminates

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubarak Ali ◽  
S. C. Joshi ◽  
Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Laminated Composites ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Fibre Reinforcement ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Damage Initiation ◽  
The Impact

Fibre reinforced polymer laminated composites are susceptible to impact damage during manufacture, normal operation, maintenance, and/or other stages of their life cycle. Initiation and growth of such damage lead to dramatic loss in the structural integrity and strength of laminates. This damage is generally difficult to detect and repair. This makes it important to find a preventive solution. There has been abundance of research dealing with the impact damage evolution of composite laminates and methods to mitigate and alleviate the damage initiation and growth. This article presents a comprehensive review of different strategies dealing with development of new composite materials investigated by several research groups that can be used to mitigate the low velocity impact damage in laminated composites. Hybrid composites, composites with tough thermoplastic resins, modified matrices, surface modification of fibres, translaminar reinforcements, and interlaminar modifications such as interleaving, short fibre reinforcement, and particle based interlayer are discussed in this article. A critical evaluation of various techniques capable of enhancing impact performance of laminated composites and future directions in this research field are presented in this article.

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