scholarly journals Investigation of the influence of gear milling modes of cylindrical gears on the quality parameters of tooth surfaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Mark Kane ◽  
Valery Sheleg ◽  
Marina Kravchuk ◽  
Pavel Kot
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Roughness Parameter ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Cylindrical Gears ◽  
Current State ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Research Objects

Summary. The current state of the problem of studying the influence of gear milling modes of cylindrical gears on the quality parameters of the tooth surfaces is considered. Insufficient study of this problem and inconsistency of the available results is shown. The relevance and possible areas of application of this research are shown. The research objects are described (the effect of the cutting speed V and feed S during hobbing of cylindrical gears on the roughness parameter Ra, microhardness Hμ, residual stresses 1 and 2, σ1 and σ2 in the tooth surfaces), the accepted methods of planning experiments and presenting results. The results obtained are presented. It is established that the considered relationships can be modeled with sufficient accuracy by statistical methods and can be described by polynomials of the first or second degree. Shows the nature of the change Ra, Hμ, σ1 and σ2, with changes of V and S. Given are calculated according to Ra, Hμ, σ1 and σ2 from V and S.

scholarly journals MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROCESS OF GEAR MILLING OF CYLINDRICAL GEARS WITH WORM MILLING CUTTERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (53) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Mark M. KANE ◽  
◽  
Valeriy K. SHELEG ◽  
Marina A. KRAVCHUK ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roughness Parameter ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Coupling Equation ◽  
Degree Polynomial ◽  
Cylindrical Gears ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Cutting Modes ◽  
Selection Of

The paper considers influence issues of modes of milling cylindrical gears by hobbing cutters on the parameters of surface quality of the treated teeth, selection of milling mode, relevance of the performed research, possibility of using its results for the design of technological processes of manufacturing cylindrical gears, quality control of teeth surfaces both when cutting teeth and in finished gears. The article gives a method, conditions and main results of experimental study of the influence of gear milling modes by a worm milling cutter (feed S, mm/min; cutting speed V, m/min) of cylindrical gears on the roughness parameter Ra, μm; microhardness Hμ, MPa; macroscopic and microscopic stresses of σ1 and σ2, MPa; of the tooth surfaces. It is shown in particular that the dependence of Ra on V and S with sufficient accuracy (the average relative error of the coupling equation εср is 5.2–26.5 %) can be described by a firstdegree polynomial, and the dependences of Hμ, σ1 and σ2 on V and S with sufficient accuracy (εср = 4.7–12.8 %) can be described by a second-degree polynomial. It was found that the feed S has a 2.5–14 times greater effect on the change in Ra, Hμ, σ1 and σ2 than the cutting speed V during gear milling of cylindrical gears. A method for optimizing the cutting modes S and V is proposed and described, taking into account their influence on the main parameters of the process of gear milling of cylindrical gears with worm milling cutters.

Experimental and Numerical Investigation into Residual Stress During Turning Operation for Stainless Steel AISI 316

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (12A) ◽  
pp. 1862-1870
Author(s):  
Safa M. Lafta ◽  
Maan A. Tawfiq
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Turning Operation ◽  
Aisi 316

RS (residual stresses) represent the main role in the performance of structures and machined parts. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of feed rate with constant cutting speed and depth of cut on residual stresses in orthogonal cutting, using Tungsten carbide cutting tools when machining AISI 316 in turning operation. AISI 316 stainless steel was selected in experiments since it is used in many important industries such as chemical, petrochemical industries, power generation, electrical engineering, food and beverage industry. Four feed rates were selected (0.228, 0.16, 0.08 and 0.065) mm/rev when cutting speed is constant 71 mm/min and depth of cutting 2 mm. The experimental results of residual stresses were (-15.75, 12.84, 64.9, 37.74) MPa and the numerical results of residual stresses were (-15, 12, 59, and 37) MPa. The best value of residual stresses is (-15.75 and -15) MPa when it is in a compressive way. The results showed that the percentage error between numerical by using (ABAQUS/ CAE ver. 2017) and experimental work measured by X-ray diffraction is range (2-15) %.

scholarly journals Analysis of machining-induced residual stresses of milled aluminum workpieces, their repeatability, and their resulting distortion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Weber ◽  
Benjamin Kirsch ◽  
Christopher R. Chighizola ◽  
Christopher R. D’Elia ◽  
Barbara S. Linke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Statistical Confidence ◽  
Measured Stress ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Milled Surface ◽  
Force Signal ◽  
Repeatability Standard Deviation

AbstractMachining-induced residual stresses (MIRS) are a main driver for distortion of thin-walled monolithic aluminum workpieces. Before one can develop compensation techniques to minimize distortion, the effect of machining on the MIRS has to be fully understood. This means that not only an investigation of the effect of different process parameters on the MIRS is important. In addition, the repeatability of the MIRS resulting from the same machining condition has to be considered. In past research, statistical confidence of MIRS of machined samples was not focused on. In this paper, the repeatability of the MIRS for different machining modes, consisting of a variation in feed per tooth and cutting speed, is investigated. Multiple hole-drilling measurements within one sample and on different samples, machined with the same parameter set, were part of the investigations. Besides, the effect of two different clamping strategies on the MIRS was investigated. The results show that an overall repeatability for MIRS is given for stable machining (between 16 and 34% repeatability standard deviation of maximum normal MIRS), whereas instable machining, detected by vibrations in the force signal, has worse repeatability (54%) independent of the used clamping strategy. Further experiments, where a 1-mm-thick wafer was removed at the milled surface, show the connection between MIRS and their distortion. A numerical stress analysis reveals that the measured stress data is consistent with machining-induced distortion across and within different machining modes. It was found that more and/or deeper MIRS cause more distortion.

scholarly journals Editorial, special issue on “Advances in Robust Statistics”

METRON ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Riani ◽  
Mia Hubert
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Robust Statistics ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Striking Feature ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Current State ◽  
Editorial Special Issue ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Robust Statistical Methods

AbstractStarting with 2020 volume, the journal Metron has decided to celebrate the centenary since its foundation with three special issues. This volume is dedicated to robust statistics. A striking feature of most applied statistical analyses is the use of methods that are well known to be sensitive to outliers or to other departures from the postulated model. Robust statistical methods provide useful tools for reducing this sensitivity, through the detection of the outliers by first fitting the majority of the data and then by flagging deviant data points. The six papers in this issue cover a wide orientation in all fields of robustness. This editorial first provides some facts about the history and current state of robust statistics and then summarizes the contents of each paper.

Effects of Cutting Parameters on Residual Stresses in High-Speed Milling of Ti-17

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 861-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Shou Liang ◽  
Jun Xue Ren ◽  
Yuan Feng Luo ◽  
Ding Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Experimental Parameter ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Cutting Depth ◽  
High Speed Milling ◽  
Parameter Ranges

An experimental study was conducted to determine cutting parameters of high-speed milling of Ti-17 according to their effects on residual stresses. First, three groups of single factor experiments were carried out to reveal the effects of cutting parameters on residual stresses. Then sensitivity models were established to evaluate the influence degrees of cutting parameters on residual stresses. After that, three criteria were proposed to determine cutting parameters from experimental parameter ranges. In the experiments, the cutting parameter ranges are recommended as [371.8, 406.8] m/min, [0.363, 0.412] mm and [0, 0.018] mm/z for cutting speed, cutting depth and feed per tooth, respectively.

Influence of Milling Parameters on Surface Residual Stresses of 7050-T7451 Aluminum Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wan ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Zhan Qiang Liu ◽  
Shu Feng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Orthogonal Direction ◽  
Mechanical Coupling ◽  
Surface Residual Stresses ◽  
Compressive Residual Stresses

Residual stresses generated in milling process affect the performance of machined components. Milling residual stresses correlate closely with the cutting parameters. In this paper, the generation and distribution of surface residual stresses in milling of aluminum alloy 7050-T7451 was investigated. The cutting speed changes from 300m/min to 3000m/min. In the experiments, the residual stresses on the surface of specimen are detected by X-ray diffraction technique. The result shows that compressive residual stresses are generated when cutting speed is under 500 m/min. In feed and its orthogonal direction, the effect of cutting speed and feed rate on residual stresses is similar. The formation of the residual stresses can be explained by thermo-mechanical coupling effects.

scholarly journals Towards HD Maps from Aerial Imagery: Robust Lane Marking Segmentation Using Country-Scale Imagery

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Fischer ◽  
Seyed Majid Azimi ◽  
Robert Roschlaub ◽  
Thomas Krauß
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Random Forest Classifier ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Aerial Imagery ◽  
Remote Sensing Technology ◽  
Current State ◽  
Lane Marking ◽  
Sensing Technology

The upraise of autonomous driving technologies asks for maps characterized bya broad range of features and quality parameters, in contrast to traditional navigation maps which in most cases are enriched graph-based models. This paper tackles several uncertainties within the domain of HD Maps. The authors give an overview about the current state in extracting road features from aerial imagery for creating HD maps, before shifting the focus of the paper towards remote sensing technology. Possible data sources and their relevant parameters are listed. A random forest classifier is used, showing how these data can deliver HD Maps on a country-scale, meeting specific quality parameters.

Manufacturing Process for Circular-Arc Curvilinear Cylindrical Gears with Predesigned Fourth Order Transmission Error

2010 ◽  
Vol 37-38 ◽  
pp. 623-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zhan Su ◽  
Zong De Fang
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Order ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Circular Arc ◽  
Cylindrical Gears ◽  
Polynomial Curve ◽  
Order Polynomial ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Fourth Order Polynomial

A fourth order transmission error was employed to improve the stability and tooth strength of circular-arc curvilinear cylindrical gears. The coefficient of fourth order polynomial curve was determined, the imaginary rack cutter which formed by the rotation of a head cutter and the imaginary pinion were introduced to determine the pinion and gear tooth surfaces, respectively. The numerical simulation of meshing shows: 1) the fourth order transmission error can be achieved by the proposed method; 2) the stability transmission can be performed by increasing the angle of the transfer point of the cycle of meshing; 3) the tooth fillet strength can be enhanced.

scholarly journals The effect of cutting speed on residual stresses when orthogonal cutting TC4

2015 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 01035
Author(s):  
Chaofeng Liu ◽  
Zengqiang Wang ◽  
Guang Zhang ◽  
Lei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speed

A Numerical Study on the Redistribution of Residual Stress After Machining

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunyang Lin ◽  
Wenhu Wang ◽  
Ruisong Jiang ◽  
Yifeng Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Field ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Residual Stress Field ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Residual Stress Profile

Machining induced residual stresses have an important effect on the surface integrity. Effects of various factors on the distribution of residual stress profiles induced by different machining processes have been investigated by many researchers. However, the initial residual, as one of the important factor that affect the residual stress profile, is always been ignored. In this paper, the residual stress field induced by the quenching process is simulated by the FEM software as the initial condition. Then the initial residual stress field is used to study the residual stress redistribution after the machining process. The influence of initial stress on the stress formation is carried out illustrating with the mechanical and thermal loads during machining processes. The effects of cutting speed on the distribution of residual stress profile are also discussed. These results are helpful to understand how initial residual stresses are redistributed during machining better. Furthermore, the results in the numerical study can be used to explain the machining distortion problem caused by residual stress in the further work.

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