scholarly journals Experimental study on preparation of fuel by low-temperature pyrolysis of plastic waste combined with desiccated sludge after preforming

2022 ◽  
Vol 355 ◽  
pp. 01028
Author(s):  
Hongxin Jia ◽  
Jingfu Wang ◽  
Yasong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Molding Pressure ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Low Temperature Pyrolysis

Take plastic waste and dried sludge as raw materials, use pressure testing machine and high temperature hot pressing mold to test under different parameters. The effect of raw material ratio, low-temperature pyrolysis temperature, molding pressure and heating time on the physical properties of the molded fuel after low-temperature pyrolysis, such as relaxation density, fall strength, compressive strength and water permeability, are studied. Single factor tests show that the general range of mixed molding parameters is: mixture ratio (dry sludge: composite plastics) 85:15~75:25, temperature 150~250°C, heating time 20~40min, compaction pressure 2~6MPa. Orthogonal test is designed on the basis of single factor test. The results show that the most important factor affecting the relaxation density of molding fuel is molding pressure, the most important factor affecting compressive strength is the ratio of raw materials, and the most important factor affecting water permeability is heating time. The fall strength is less affected by various factors. It is due to the stickiness of the molded plastic after softening, which strengthens the “cohesion” between the raw materials, and will not be explored in the orthogonal experiment. The optimal combination of relaxation density molding parameters is the ratio (dry sludge: composite plastics) 80:20, temperature 250°C, heating time 30min, compaction pressure 6MPa; the optimal combination of compressive strength molding parameters is 75:25, 250°C, 30min, 6MPa; the optimal combination of anti-moisture absorption performance molding parameters is 85:15, 150°C, 30min, 2MPa.

Study on the Performance of New Foamed Cement Insulation Material

2013 ◽  
Vol 648 ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Long Li ◽  
Guo Zhong Li
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Optimum Ratio ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Foam Stabilizer

In this experiment, cement, fly ash, quicklime, foaming agent and foam stabilizer were used as raw materials to prepare the new foamed cement insulation material. Single-factor tests were designed to study the influence of different dosages of foaming agent, foam stabilizer and quicklime on the material properties. The optimum ratio was determined: content of fly ash was 25%, water-cement ratio was 0.37, content of foaming agent was 4.5%, content of foam stabilizer was 1.2% and content of quicklime was 1.5%. The material is tested: 3d compressive strength of the material is 1.049MPa, 3d flexural strength of the material is 0.608MPa.

scholarly journals AN OVERVIEW OF THE METHODS AND EQUIPMENT FOR UTILIZATION OF CROP WASTE. IMPLEMENTATION OF LOW-TEMPERATURE PYROLYSIS AND GASIFICATION IN PILOT AND MOBILE INSTALLATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Loginov ◽  
◽  
Anatoliy I. Masalevich ◽  
Sergey A. Meshkov ◽  
Boris V. Mislavsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Mobile Plant ◽  
Low Temperature Pyrolysis ◽  
Crop Waste

An analysis of existing methods and equipment for processing and recycling crop waste showed that the main efforts of experimental design and research work in this area are aimed at creating affordable, cheap, environmentally friendly, highly efficient and cost-effective installations for processing waste into products useful for the economy. The developed pilot plant was tested during thermal treatment of rice husks, coffee cake and other plant waste by the method of low-temperature pyrolysis or gasification in a screw reactor. The pilot plant provided the production of useful products of various properties and heat energy for recycling, and it was a prototype for creating a mobile plant with capacity of 100 kg / h for raw materials.

Chemical yields from low-temperature pyrolysis of CCA-treated wood

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qirong Fu ◽  
Dimitris Argyropolous ◽  
Lucian Lucia ◽  
David Tilotta ◽  
Stan Lebow
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Low Temperature Pyrolysis

Pengaruh Penggunaan Batu Basalt Lampung dan Batubara dalam Bahan Baku terhadap Karakteristik Klinker

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Suharto Suharto ◽  
Muhammad Amin ◽  
Muhammad Al Muttaqii ◽  
Syafriadi Syafriadi ◽  
Kiki Nurwanti
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Duration Of Heating

Experimental study on the use of basalt stone originated from Lampung has been conducted to evaluate its potential for a partial substitute of raw material in production of cement clinker. The basalt stone contains minerals of anorthite, augite, and albite phases that are required for clinker formation. In this study, the main raw materials were 80% limestone, 10% silica sand, 9% clay and 1% iron sand. The raw material in these experiments were mixtures 90% or 80% of the main raw material and 10% or 20% of basalt stone. The effect of adding coal to raw materials was also studied to see the possibility of an increase in clinkerization temperature inside the raw material mixture, and at the same time to see the effect of coal ash on clinker composition. Clinker obtained from heating of raw materials at a temperature of 1100oC had LSF of 94.1% and 95.1% (heating time of 1 and 3 hours). If heating is carried out at 1200oC, the clinker had LSF of 97.7% and 98.0% (heating time of 2 and 3 hours, respectively). Depending on the temperature and duration of heating, the clinker mostly had SM in the range of 2.18-2.40% , and AM in the range of 0,78-1.80%. Characterization using XRD showed that the clinker consisted of larnite and gehlenite phases, and dominated by CaO.Batu basalt Lampung telah diuji potensinya sebagai pengganti sebagian bahan baku utama pembuatan klinker semen. Batu basalt tersebut memiliki mineral-mineral dalam fase anorthite, augite, dan albite yang diperlukan pada pembentukan klinker. Pada penelitian ini, bahan baku utama adalah batu kapur 80%, pasir silika 10%, tanah liat 9% dan pasir besi 1%. Campuran bahan baku klinker adalah 90% atau 80% bahan baku utama dan 10% atau 20% batu basalt. Efek penambahan batubara ke dalam bahan baku klinker juga dipelajari untuk melihat kemungkinan kenaikan temperatur klinkerisasi di dalam campuran bahan baku, dan sekaligus untuk melihat efek abu batubara terhadap komposisi klinker. Klinker hasil pemanasan bahan baku pada temperatur 1100oC memiliki LSF 94,1% dan 95,1% (lama pemanasan 1 dan 3 jam). Jika pemanasan dilakukan pada 1200oC, klinker memilik LSF 97,7% dan 98,00% (lama pemanasan 2 dan 3 jam). Tergantung pada temperatur dan lama pemanasan, klinker hasil percobaan ini umumnya memiliki SM 2,18-2,40%, dan AM antara 0,78-1,80%. Karakterisasi dengan XRD menunjukkan bahwa klinker terdiri dari fase larnite dan gehlenite, dan didominasi CaO.

Preparation of Organic/Inorganic Membrane by PDMS Low-temperature Pyrolysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Jiao-Zhu YU ◽  
Lin LI ◽  
Xin JIN ◽  
Ling-Hua DING ◽  
Tong-Hua WANG
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Inorganic Membrane ◽  
Low Temperature Pyrolysis

scholarly journals Compressive Strength Gain Behavior and Prediction of Cement-Stabilized Macadam at Low Temperature Curing

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yongli Xu ◽  
Guang Yang ◽  
Hongyuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Strength Gain ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Maturity Method ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Natural Temperature

For cement-based materials, the curing temperature determines the strength gain rate and the value of compressive strength. In this paper, the 5% cement-stabilized macadam mixture is used. Three indoor controlled temperature curing and one outdoor natural curing scenarios are designed and implemented to study the strength development scenario law of compressive strength, and they are standard temperature curing (20°C), constant low temperature curing (10°C), day interaction temperature curing (varying from 6°C to 16°C), and one outdoor natural temperature curing (in which the air temperature ranges from 4°C to 20°C). Finally, based on the maturity method, the maturity-strength estimation model is obtained by using and analyzing the data collected from the indoor tests. The model is proved with high accuracy based on the validated results obtained from the data of outdoor tests. This research provides technical support for the construction of cement-stabilized macadam in regions with low temperature, which is beneficial in the construction process and quality control.

scholarly journals Possibility of Humid Municipal Wastes Hygienisation Using Gliding Arc Plasma Reactor

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Joanna Pawłat ◽  
Piotr Terebun ◽  
Michał Kwiatkowski ◽  
Katarzyna Wolny-Koładka
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Plasma Reactor ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Gliding Arc

Sterilization of municipal waste for a raw material for the production of refuse-derived fuel and to protect surface and ground waters against biological contamination during transfer and storage creates a lot of problems. This paper evaluates the antimicrobial potential of non-equilibrium plasma in relation to the selected groups of microorganisms found in humid waste. The proposed research is to determine whether mixed municipal waste used for the production of alternative fuels can be sterilized effectively using low-temperature plasma generated in a gliding arc discharge reactor in order to prevent water contamination and health risk for working staff. This work assesses whether plasma treatment of raw materials in several process variants effectively eliminates or reduces the number of selected groups of microorganisms living in mixed municipal waste. The presence of vegetative bacteria and endospores, mold fungi, actinobacteria Escherichia coli, and facultative pathogens, i.e., Staphylococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Enterococcus faecalis and Clostridium perfringens in the tested material was microbiologically analyzed. It was found that the plasma treatment differently contributes to the elimination of various kinds of microorganisms in the analyzed raw materials. The effectiveness of sterilization depended mainly on the time of raw materials contact with low-temperature plasma. The results are very promising and require further research to optimize the proposed hygienization process.

scholarly journals Alkali-Activated Zeolite 4A Granules—Characterization and Suitability Assessment for the Application of Adsorption

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Pauls P. Argalis ◽  
Laura Vitola ◽  
Diana Bajare ◽  
Kristine Vegere
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Suitability Assessment ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Zeolite 4A ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Alkali Activated

A major problem in the field of adsorbents is that binders (kaolin clay, bentonite) introduced to bind zeolites and ensure the needed mechanical strength, are not able to sorb gases like CO2 and N2, and decrease the overall adsorption capacity. To solve this problem, one of the pathways is to introduce a binder able to sorb such gases. Thus, in this study, the physical and mechanical properties of a novel binder based on metakaolin and its composite with zeolite 4A in the granular form were studied. Metakaolin was used as a precursor for alkali-activated binder, which was synthesized using an 8M NaOH activation solution. Raw materials were characterized using granulometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential thermal analysis (DTA); and final products were characterized using density measurements, a compressive strength test, XRD, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Alkali-activated metakaolin was found to be efficient as a binding material when data for morphological properties were analyzed. A relationship was observed—by increasing the liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S), compressive strength decreased. Zeolite granule attrition was higher than expected: 2.42% and 4.55% for ZG-0.8, 3.64% and 5.76% for ZG-1.0, and 2.73% and 4.85% for ZG-1.2, measured at 4 and 5 atmospheres, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Fly Ash on Compressive Strength, Drying Shrinkage, and Carbonation Depth of Mortar with Ferronickel-Slag Powder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1037
Author(s):  
Se-Jin Choi ◽  
Ji-Hwan Kim ◽  
Sung-Ho Bae ◽  
Tae-Gue Oh
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Slag Powder ◽  
Ferronickel Slag

In recent years, efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have continued worldwide. In the construction industry, a large amount of CO2 is generated during the production of Portland cement, and various studies are being conducted to reduce the amount of cement and enable the use of cement substitutes. Ferronickel slag is a by-product generated by melting materials such as nickel ore and bituminous coal, which are used as raw materials to produce ferronickel at high temperatures. In this study, we investigated the fluidity, microhydration heat, compressive strength, drying shrinkage, and carbonation characteristics of a ternary cement mortar including ferronickel-slag powder and fly ash. According to the test results, the microhydration heat of the FA20FN00 sample was slightly higher than that of the FA00FN20 sample. The 28-day compressive strength of the FA20FN00 mix was approximately 39.6 MPa, which was higher than that of the other samples, whereas the compressive strength of the FA05FN15 mix including 15% of ferronickel-slag powder was approximately 11.6% lower than that of the FA20FN00 mix. The drying shrinkage of the FA20FN00 sample without ferronickel-slag powder was the highest after 56 days, whereas the FA00FN20 sample without fly ash showed the lowest shrinkage compared to the other mixes.

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