scholarly journals Earnings Management as a Tool of Bankruptcy Prevention during Global Pandemic of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 02063
Author(s):  
Mariana Usheva ◽  
Ladislav Vagner
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Service Operations ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Savings Accounts ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The Covid-19 pandemic affects all areas of operation in almost every country, except for Slovakia. In Slovakia, radical measures were taken in the first phase of March, and the state of emergency required the closure of gastronomic establishments, service operations, restrictions on shops, stricter hygiene measures and restrictions on free cross-border as well as a national movement. The second phase is foreseen in the autumn, which should be much more demanding, and it will also be a great challenge for companies to be able to adapt their activities to the new standards. An important question for companies is how this will affect their financial results. Some companies were not affected by the disease; others had to be closed, did not generate any profit, eventually went bankrupt. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is primarily to examine the impact of coronavirus on earnings management and how it will affect further decision-making within the company. In our study, we focused on the impact that Covid-19 has or will have on the management of companies in Slovakia. A total of 172 companies in Slovakia operating in various sectors were interviewed Methods: The methodology used standard questionnaire survey procedures with scale answers. We addressed companies, despite the sector in which they operate. The overall return was 20%, and we obtained 172 responses. Findings & Value added: Because the consequences of the Covid-19 disease are not yet evident, managers within earning management will also count on reserves in the form of savings accounts more than before.

Quarantine of the Covid-19 pandemic in suicide: A psychological autopsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-184
Author(s):  
Isabella Aquila ◽  
Matteo Antonio Sacco ◽  
Cristoforo Ricci ◽  
Santo Gratteri ◽  
Pietrantonio Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Occupational Risk Factors ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Forensic Case ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Concern

The epidemiology of suicide has identified numerous psychiatric and occupational risk factors. The circumstances surrounding a suicide are fundamental to determining whether its characteristics will play a crucial role in the decision-making process. The state of emergency arising from the Covid-19 pandemic has introduced a new element, given the general concern and feelings of alarm which are global. The most suitable forensic method to analyse these cases is the psychological autopsy. This study’s purpose is to analyse the application of the psychological autopsy method to evaluate the impact of the pandemic where government lockdowns impose restrictions on personal freedom. We set out to consider how far this together with other factors may induce suicide. The literature does not as yet offer us a retrospective analysis of the influence of the global pandemic state on rates of suicide. Accordingly, we report a forensic case and examine the critical issues and problems in the management of these cases.

scholarly journals Remote certification processes during global pandemic times

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 01037
Author(s):  
Paweł Nowicki ◽  
Piotr Kafel
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Accreditation Body ◽  
Conformity Assessment ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Process System ◽  
The Impact

Research background: Conformity assessment as defined in the ISO/IEC 17000 standard shows that the specified requirements for the product, process, system, person or entity have been met. A special type of conformity assessment is certification, in which the assessment is carried out by independent organizations, which has been confirmed by an accreditation body. The current crisis related to the development of the COVID-19 global pandemic has forced many organizations to change traditional forms of operation and, where it was possible, switch to a remote mode of work. Purpose of the article: The need to adapt to new realities did not bypass the certification bodies that adapted to the emergency situation, using the possibilities of remote work, including as part of certification processes. The purpose of this publication is to indicate the context of the certification bodies’ operation and the impact of such proceedings on trust in the results of their work as well as to show the changes of the way of conducting certification audits by the certification bodies. Methods: For above mentioned matter, four certification bodies were analysed in the area of remote certification processes. The used methodology was a case studies including a direct interviews with certification bodies representatives. Findings and Value Added: The main findings are related to the following issues concerning that remote auditing processes ensure business continuity; there is an increased confidence in results among customers of certification bodies; changes in process costs.

scholarly journals Potential usage of Beneish's M-score under the conditions of selected segment of Slovak Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 03015
Author(s):  
Boris Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Institutional Research ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Creative Accounting ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The motivation behind submitted article is the institutional research of earnings management. The aim is to identify the differences between the usage of creative accounting techniques in the form of Beneish’s M-score under the conditions of Slovak economy. The paper focuses on these differences and specifics and possible reasons behind them. Paper highlights also the impact of globalization on companies and therefore also behind their motives to use earnings management. It also offers several definitions of earnings management and also highlights the importance of the borderline knowledge between earnings management and fraudulent behavior. The Beneish’s model seems to be used by several of major Slovak companies in food segment. The aim was to analyse this sector of Slovak economy, because of its importance to everyday life of people. To assess the motivation behind its usage by these companies. Either it is because they want to transfer their earnings to maternal companies, or there are unexpected local circumstances. Purpose of the article: To describe specifics in the process of Beneish’s model usage under the conditions of selected segment of Slovak economy and also to highlight motivation behind its usage. Methods: The paper is built on the statistical methods, financial analysis as well as the methods of formal logic, like comparison, analysis or synthesis and deduction. Findings & Value added: Comprehensive overview of the earnings management definition, its forms and motives behind its usage and foremost specifics in its usage under the conditions of selected segments of Slovak economy.

scholarly journals Macroeconomic performance of the Czech Republic during the global pandemic crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 01031
Author(s):  
Jolana Volejnikova ◽  
Ondrej Kuba
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
Exogenous Shock ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is unprecedented for human society. Despite the continuing uncertainty about the future, it is certain that the global consequences of the pandemic will have many dimensions. Among others, the economic impacts are extremely significant. However, the sudden slowdown in economic activity, the declared quarantines, and the state of emergency have many specific impacts in individual countries. The Czech economy (as well as other countries in the world) was exposed to an unexpected exogenous shock. The data confirm that, in 2020, the decline in the performance of the Czech economy was the deepest in its history. Purpose of the article: The primary goal of this article is to analyze the macroeconomic performance of the Czech Republic during a pandemic crisis. However, we also research the impact of the pandemic on individual sectors of the national economy in the context of government measures. Methods: The analytical part of the article is processed on the basis of publicly available statistical data, economic analyses, and economic forecasts of renowned institutions. The derivation and argumentation of the conclusions are based on an empiric-inductive approach, methods of synthesis, and comparison. Findings and value added: The article maps the direct and mediated macroeconomic effects of the pandemic crisis in the reality of the Czech Republic. At the theoretical level, the aim of the article is to bring new knowledge to current economic theory, especially in the field of macroeconomics and sectoral analysis as well as the theory of public choice.

scholarly journals The impact of digitization on economy in the context of the Coronavirus pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 01018
Author(s):  
Crina Ionescu ◽  
Mihaela Iordache ◽  
Emilia Țițan
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
National Level ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Face ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Research background: As COVID-19 is posing unprecedented challenges, the governments as well as the individuals have to adapt to the shift towards a new lifestyle. The preventing measures against the spread of the novel coronavirus has important consequences on economy sectors both at global and national level. In this regard, it is the right time to accelerate the development of the digital tools and technologies that can help neutralize or at least mitigate the negative effects of the COVID-19. Purpose of the article: Therefore, the aim of this paper is to evaluate the current situation of digitization, focusing on the main transformations in recent months. Methods: Throughout the paper, there can be distinguished both qualitative and quantitative approach. The methods used include a secondary research from official information and primary quantitative research obtained from a conducted survey that explains the importance and the impact of digitization on economy in the face of a global pandemic. Findings & Value added: The article highlights the impact of digitization on the economy by comparing the findings from Romanian economy with other EU countries. It is noted that in areas where the digitization was more developed or where the adaptation to the new conditions imposed by the crisis generated by COVID-19 has been faster, the impact was significantly lower as well.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Impact of the New Tax Reform on Cross-Border E-Commerce Retail Import Enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Haohao Yue
Keyword(s):  
Tax Reform ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The State ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Consumption Tax ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Impact

<p>In order to regulate the development of the cross-border e-commerce industry, the State General Administration of Customs and the State Administration of Taxation issued a new policy on April 8, 2016 to abolish the provisions of cross-border e-commerce items based on postal tax, and uniformly pay customs duties and value-added value based on imported goods, tax and consumption tax. This also means that the state has gradually begun to shift from the principle of encouragement and promotion to the standardization and promotion of the cross-border e-commerce industry. Based on this, this article elaborates on the impact and countermeasures of the new tax reform on cross-border e-commerce retail import companies.</p>

scholarly journals The Impact of the Financial Stability on the Earnings Management Practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 03028
Author(s):  
Anna Siekelova
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
The Impact

Research background: In recent years, the world economy has changed. Earnings management, as a modern phenomenon, plays an important role within the financial world under the condition of globalization. The academic community deals with the issue of the informative value of the reported financial results. The informative value of these results becomes questionable when we realize that managers have not only the motivation but also the ability to use the earnings management techniques to influence these results. Purpose of the article: The aim of the contribution is earnings management detection by using a model with the highest explanatory power, as well as verifying hypotheses about the existence of a statistically significant relationship between earnings management practices and financial stability within a sample of companies. Methods: Based on the results of the explanatory power examination, the modified Jones model is recommended for earnings management detection within the sample of V4 companies. Data were obtained from the Amadeus database. The sample contains 1,480 financial reports of companies from 2019 to 2017. Research is focused on V4 companies that have the sum of total assets higher than 2,000,000 EUR, as well as the sum of operating revenue is higher than 100,000 EUR. Also, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to test the hypotheses about the existing statistically significant relationship between financial stability and earnings management practices. Findings & Value added: The article provides an overview of the earnings management issue within V4 countries. It examines the earnings management practices and the impact of financial stability on the level and direction of earnings management practices.

scholarly journals Marketing Communication of Multinational Retail Chain during Global Pandemic in the Online Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
Daniela Kollárová ◽  
Magdaléna Ungerová
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Online Environment ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Retail Chain ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Facebook Pages

Research background: The epidemic that has hit us on a global scale has had a negative impact not only on the work-related, social, and personal lives of each individual or household, but also on the economies of different countries and, last but not least, on decision-making of companies. One of the areas in which we noticed clearly the influence of the pandemic was the communication of retail chains with their customers: e.g., Kaufland stopped the unaddressed distribution of its promotional leaflets and tried to redirect the interest of customers to the digital (online) environment. With our paper we respond to this measure. The object of our research is the posts of the multinational retail chain Kaufland published on its Facebook account, intended for customers on the Slovak and German markets, during the period when a state of emergency was imposed in Slovakia. Purpose of the article: The main purpose of the content analysis is to find out the topics of the online contents of the retail chain Kaufland in Slovakia in communication with customers during an emergency state on its Facebook pages and compare them with the topics of articles posted during the observed period on the company´s Facebook pages in Germany. Methods: Digital contents are divided into contributions related and not related to the pandemic. As Germany did not impose general restrictions, we found out that in comparison with Slovakia, some themes related to the health protection or social responsibility did not appear on the Facebook pages of Kaufland in Germany. Findings & Value added: Conversely, Kaufland Slovakia did not assure customers that stores were regularly supplied and customers did not have to fall into purchasing hysteria, did not encourage customers to move to digital (online) environment and also did not publish job offers (for temporary work) in its shops or by its suppliers. The number of pandemic-related posts has been declining over the examined period.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Global Pandemic on Selected Aspects of Sustainable Tourism in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 01046
Author(s):  
Jana Stuchlíková ◽  
Milena Botlíková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Tourism Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The overall impact of coronavirus has some positives and negatives on the tourism sector and thus on other downstream sectors. The stagnation of tourism will make it easier for overcrowded tourist centers, which corresponds to the goals of sustainable tourism. On the other hand, negatives can be attributed to it. The Covid -19 epidemic caused the decline in business activities in tourism to almost zero, not only in the Czech Republic, but in the entire global area. If we consider with the intention that a large part of tourism enterprises is dependent on foreign clients, then the steps necessary to prevent the further spread of the epidemic were fatal for many enterprises and contribute to rising unemployment, reducing public budget revenues, etc. It is clear that the functioning of tourism will not return to pre-coronavirus and will be gradual. Businesses will need to adapt their services and find new ways to distribute them. Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to map the effect of coronavirus on selected aspects of sustainable tourism in the Czech Republic. Methods: We used primary data obtained from controlled interviews with the operators of the monitored facilities and secondary data (EUROSTAT, CSO). Findings & Value added: The paper includes models of the impact of coronavirus in the field of tourism, focusing mainly on accommodation and catering establishments.

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