Punched Nerve Syndrome: Ultrasonographic Appearance of Functional Vascular Nerve Impairment

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (04) ◽  
pp. 352-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Loizides ◽  
S. Peer ◽  
M. Plaikner ◽  
T. Djurdjevic ◽  
H. Gruber
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Compression Neuropathy ◽  
Mechanical Impact ◽  
Clinical Neurological Examination ◽  
Nerve Segment ◽  
Duplex Imaging ◽  
Vascular Structures ◽  
Possible Cause ◽  
Ultrasonographic Appearance

Abstract Purpose: The mechanical impact of a neighboring vessel on a “punched” nerve segment is thought to be one possible cause of compression neuropathy but has not been proven definitively. We report on 9 subjects with unclear clinical mononeuropathies in whom we could clearly define peripheral nerve impairment by such vessels on real-time high-resolution ultrasound (HRUS). Materials and Methods: Nine subjects with unclear mononeuropathy based on clinical neurological examination were referred to our department for HRUS assessment. The shape, inner and outer echotexture, size and diameter, and overall integrity of these nerves were assessed including an exact analysis of the surrounding soft tissues to search for potentially extraneural pathology. This included duplex imaging to identify even tiny atypical vascular structures. Results: In all patients duplex HRUS showed the pulsatile and “punching” character of the relevant vessels and the direct mechanical impact of these vessel. The involved nerve segments appeared enlarged with a hypoechoic change of echotexture including at least partial masking of their inner fascicular texture. Conclusion: Although rare, a “punching” vessel can be the cause of a compression neuropathy. Therefore, duplex HRUS must be included in every HRUS examination of patients with otherwise unclear mononeuropathy.

High resolution computed tomography, Part 1: Soft tissues of the neck

1984 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel D. Swartz ◽  
Holly Korsvik ◽  
Patricia H. Saluk ◽  
George L. Popky
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography

High resolution ultrasound elastomicroscopy imaging of soft tissues: system development and feasibility

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (17) ◽  
pp. 3925-3938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y P Zheng ◽  
S L Bridal ◽  
J Shi ◽  
A Saied ◽  
M H Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
System Development

scholarly journals Ultrasonic diagnosis of skin, facial, neck and hand soft tissue in women of different age: a non-randomised observational cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
I. N. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Young Cohort ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Dermal Thickness ◽  
Aesthetic Procedures

Background. A dynamic cross-layer visualisation of skin, its vascular structure in various anatomical facets during treatment in different age cohorts holds both scientific and practical value.Objectives. A semiotic study of skin, facial, neck and hand soft tissues using high-resolution ultrasound in women of different age cohorts.Methods. A total of 63 women aged between 22 and 59 years were enrolled. The study was designed with two comparison cohorts. The inclusion criteria were: women aged 22-59 years with no evident somatic or acute dermatological pathology not having aesthetic procedures for at least one month prior to the ultrasound examination of skin, facial, neck and hand soft tissues. The cohorts separated by age. Cohort 1 included 32 women aged 22-44 years (young), and cohort 2 — 31 women aged 45-59 years (middle-aged). High-resolution ultrasound (US) was performed in B-mode, colour Doppler and microV imaging.Results. A maximal dermal thickness was facial middle-third in both cohorts, averaging to 1.87 ± 0.35 mm in the young and 1.57 ± 0.23 — in middle-aged cohort (p <0.0001). A minimal dermal thickness in both cohorts was periorbital (1.16 ± 0.15 mm in the 22-44-year and 0.95 ± 0.12 — in 45-59-year cohort) and in dorsal hand surface (0.89 ± 0.13 and 0.9 ± 0.16 mm, respectively, p <0.0001). The dermal thickness in face and neck diminished with age due to a thinning papillary layer. An adequate dermal vascularisation rate was greater in the young cohort (p = 0.038).Conclusion. Ultrasound is effective in the diagnosis of skin, facial, neck and hand soft tissues at the planning and further control of safe injection and hardware aesthetic procedures, allowing a real-time thickness assessment of epidermis, dermis and its layers, vessels, subcutaneous fat and mimic muscles in norm and during complications.

scholarly journals The role of high-resolution ultrasonic examination in the analysis of the structure and causes of complications after cosmetological thread implantation into the face and neck soft tissues

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
I. N. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Acoustic Shadow ◽  
Thread Diameter ◽  
Perifocal Edema ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Objective The goal is to optimize the diagnosis of complications after thread implantation using high-resolution ultrasound (US).Material and Methods The study design included the formation of twelve sample comparison groups. Inclusion criteria for the group: women without evident somatic pathology after cosmetic implantation in various periods after the procedure. The difference between the groups was in the chemical composition of the material (L-lactic acid, polydiaxanone, copolymer of L-actide with ԑ-caprolactone, polypropylene, polyester fiber in a silicone sheath, metal), complaints (the presence of amyctic, the presence of overcorrection, the absence of complaints), the period of time after implantation (up to 6 months, from 6 to 12 months, more than a year). Then ultrasound was performed, 33 qualitative and 7 quantitative indicators were analyzed. The study involved 93 women aged 29 to 65 years after the thread implantation. The circulation period varied from 3 days to 20 years.Results An analysis of the relationship between quantitative and qualitative features revealed statistically significant connections between the presence of an acoustic shadow and threads of polylactic acid and polypropylene, the presence of reverberation, and the metal – gold (p < 0.0001). Relationships were established between polyester fibers in a silicone sheath with complaints of inflammation, the presence of edema during examination, perifocal edema around the thread during ultrasound (p < 0.0001). The difference was also found between the diameter of the thread in the group of patients examined up to 6 months and the group in the period 6–12 months after implantation (p < 0.0001), as well as the group up to 6 months and more than a year (p = 0.0033).Conclusion The presence of an acoustic shadow, a thread diameter of more than 1 mm are ultrasound signs of fibrotic changes around the thread. The characteristic echographic signs of inflammation around the thread will be a zone of reduced echoicity, corresponding to perifocal edema. Hypercorrection is a consequence of fibrotic changes development around the thread.

scholarly journals Detection and monitoring for cancer and abnormal vasculature by photoacoustic signal characterization of structural morphology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Zalev
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Photoacoustic Signal ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Exact Equation ◽  
Structural Morphology ◽  
Array Technology ◽  
Vascular Structures ◽  
Signal Characterization

Photoacoustic systems can produce high-resolution, high-contracts images of vascular structures. To reconstruct images at very high-resolution, signals must be collected from many transducer locations, which can be time consuming due to limitations in transducer array technology, In this thesis a method is presented to discriminate between normal and abnormal tissue based on the structural morphology of vasculature and permits data to be acquired quickly. To demonstrate that the approach may be useful for cancer detection, a special simulator that produces photoacoustic signal from 3D models of vascular tissue is developed. Validation of the simulator is performed against a derived exact equation for finite-length cylindrical photoacoustic sources and through FEM models. Results show that is possible to differentiate tissue classed even when it is not possible to resolve individual blood vessels. Performance of the algorithm remains strong as the number of transducer locations decreases and in the presence of noise.

High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging tracks changes in organ and tissue mass in obese and aging rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (3) ◽  
pp. R890-R899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiying Tang ◽  
Joseph R. Vasselli ◽  
Ed X. Wu ◽  
Carol N. Boozer ◽  
Dympna Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tissue Mass

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the ability to discriminate between various soft tissues in vivo. Whole body, specific organ, total adipose tissue (TAT), intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT), and skeletal muscle (SM) weights determined by MRI were compared with weights determined by dissection and chemical analysis in two studies with male Sprague-Dawley rats. A 4.2-T MRI machine acquired high-resolution, in vivo, longitudinal whole body images of rats as they developed obesity or aged. Weights of the whole body and specific tissues were determined using computer image analysis software, including semiautomatic segmentation algorithms for volume calculations. High correlations were found for body weight ( r = 0.98), TAT ( r = 0.99), and IAAT ( r = 0.98) between MRI and dissection and chemical analyses. MRI estimated the weight of the brain, kidneys, and spleen with high accuracy ( r > 0.9), but overestimated IAAT, SM, and liver volumes. No differences were detected in organ weights using MRI and dissection measurements. Longitudinal MRI measurements made during the development of obesity and aging accurately represented changes in organ and tissue mass.

scholarly journals Trend Analyses of Extreme Precipitation Events in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin, China Using a High-Resolution Precipitation Product

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Fan ◽  
Wenchao Sun ◽  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Baolin Xue ◽  
Depeng Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Lower Reach ◽  
Precipitation Product ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
Yarlung Zangbo River ◽  
Possible Cause ◽  
Precipitation Events

The Yarlung Zangbo River Basin (YZRB) is an important transboundary river basin in Tibet, China with south Asian countries. Changes in precipitation are important driving factors of river flow changes. Extreme Precipitation Events (EPE), in particular, have serious impacts on human life and sustainable development. The objective of this study is to explore the temporal changes and the spatial distribution of EPE over the YZRB in recent decades using a precipitation product with a 5 km spatial resolution and the Mann–Kendall nonparametric statistical test method. A more thorough understanding of the spatial heterogeneity in precipitation was expected from using this high resolution dataset. At both basin and pixel scale, both annual precipitation amounts and number of rain days had significant upward trends, indicating that the increase in the number of rain days is one possible cause of the annual precipitation amounts increases. The annual precipitation and number of rain days increased significantly in 50.8% and 75.8% of the basin area, respectively. The areas showing upward trends for the two indexes mostly overlapped, supporting the hypothesis that the increasing number of rain days is one possible cause of the increases in annual precipitation in these areas. General precipitation intensity and EPE intensity increased in the Lhasa regions and in the southern part of the lower-reach region. However, the intensity of general precipitation and EPE decreased in the Nyangqu River Basin. A total of 43.0% of the area in the YZRB exhibits significant upward trends in EPE frequency. The contributions of EPE to total rainfall increase significantly in the Lhasa and Shannan regions. Overall, it was shown that the risk of disasters from EPE in the YZRB increases in the eastern middle-reach region and southern lower-reach region.

scholarly journals Intraoperative high resolution duplex imaging during carotid endarterectomy: Which abnormalities require surgical correction?

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S. Padayachee ◽  
M.D. Brooks ◽  
K.B. Modaresi ◽  
A.J. Arnold ◽  
G.W. Self ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
Duplex Imaging

scholarly journals Foreign Body (Bamboo Splinter of Broom Stick) in Soft Tissue

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Kasem Pramanik ◽  
Joydeep Bhaduri ◽  
AM Rashid ◽  
M Nazmul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Resolution Ultrasonography

Patients with foreign bodies inside soft tissues are common in a surgeon's daily practice,. Radio-opaque foreign bodies can easily be located with radiography but radio-lucent foreign bodies cannot be located with X-ray, where Ultrasonography especially, high resolution ultrasonography can be used to locate it. Ultrasonography, being easily available, cost-effective and radiation-hazard free, can be done repeatedly for foreign bodies which move inside tissues. The presenting article describes a patient with a radio-lucent foreign body, deep inside muscle in his fore-arm and having one sharp end, was advancing inside tissues, was located with the help of Ultrasonography and was removed.   doi: 10.3329/taj.v20i1.3095 TAJ 2007; 20(1): 67-70

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