Induction of DIC by Russell’s Viper Venom in the Rat. Preventive Activity of Ticlopidine on Consumption Coagulopathy

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lacaze ◽  
C. Ferrand ◽  
O. Pepin
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Consumption Coagulopathy ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Level Increase ◽  
Russell’S Viper ◽  
Recalcification Time

The intraperitoneal administration of the LD50 dose of Russell’s viper venom to Sprague Dawley rats induces a DIC with consumption coagulopathy. The PT, TT and APTT are increased and the recalcification time and platelet count is considerably decreased. Also the thromboelastogram is quite perturbed. In order to follow the modifications of the coagulation parameters induced by the venom in the presence and absence of Ticlopidine. Four groups of each eight animals are investigated : Control, Ticlopidine 150 mg/kg/d. P.O. 4 days, Venom LD5O of Russell’s venom viper (Sigma), i.e. 400 μg/kg by I.P. route, 15 hrs before sacrifice, Ticlopidine + Venom T. 150 mg/kq/d. P.O. 4 days and the LD50 venom 15 hrs before sacrifice. The venom showed versus control a significant increase of PT, and APTT a significant decrease of Recalcification time and platelet count. The prevention of the DIC by Ticlopidine is characterized by the normalization of the coagulation factors. In comparison with the venom the Ticlopidine group has an increase of rocalci-fication time and PT, TT, APTT and platelet count were identical with the control group. The fibrinogen level increase significantly. The histopathological examination of kidneys and lunqs show the characteristic lesions of DIC in the venom animals, and the protective activity of Ticlopidine versus the intravascular aggregats in the Ticlopidine venom group. No protection by Ticlopidine however, was shown against the neurotoxicity of the venom. The inhibition of platelet aggregats and the antithrombotic activity of a drug can be evaluated by this experimental model of an acute DIC.

scholarly journals Multi Floral Honey Has a Protective Effect against Mammary Cancer Induced by 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene in Sprague Dawley Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed R. Takruri ◽  
Maha S. Shomaf ◽  
Saida F. Shnaigat
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Mammary Cancer ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Dark Light

This research was conducted to study the protective effect of bee honey on the 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)- induced breast cancer in rat model. The study consisted of three groups: honey group, positive control group (PC), and negative control group (NC) to which the carcinogen was not administered. All rats were fed the diet recommended by the American Institute of Nutrition for growing rats (AIN-93G), with addition of honey (50 g/kg diet) to the honey group. All Rats were fed their diets ad libitum on 12 hours dark/light cycle. At the age of 50 days all rats in the honey and PC groups were gavaged once by the carcinogen DMBA with a dose of 80 mg/kg body Wt. After three weeks of carcinogen administration, rats were palpated weekly to detect any tumor growth. After 18 weeks, all rats were sacrificed. The palpable structures and the mammary glands along with associated lymph nodes were removed and fixed in saline formalin and prepared for histopathological examination. The results revealed that the honey group diet significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the incidence rate of mammary cancer, palpable tumor multiplicity, tumor size and weight compared to the PC group. In conclusion, multi floral honey has a protective effect against DMBA- induced mammary cancer in the initiation, promotion, and progression stages of DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis. However, further research is needed to reveal the mechanisms that might have contributed to the preventive effect of honey against mammary cancer.

scholarly journals Hyaluronan decreases peritoneal fluid absorption in peritoneal dialysis.

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1915-1920
Author(s):  
T Wang ◽  
C Chen ◽  
O Heimbürger ◽  
J Waniewski ◽  
J Bergström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Protein Transport ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fluid Absorption ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Fluid Removal ◽  
Dialysis Solution

Hyaluronan, exhibiting a high resistance against water flow, acts in the tissue as a barrier against rapid changes in water content. To test whether hyaluronan has any effect on the peritoneal fluid and solute transport, and, in particular, on the peritoneal fluid absorption, a 4-h dwell study with an intraperitoneal volume marker (radiolabeled human serum albumin [RISA]) was conducted in 21 male Sprague Dawley rats (three groups, seven rats in each group). Each rat was injected intraperitoneally with 25 ml of 1.36% glucose solution alone (control group), with 0.005% hyaluronan (HA1 group), or with 0.01% hyaluronan (HA2 group). Dialysate and blood samples were taken frequently for analyses of fluid and solute (urea, glucose, and protein) transport. The intraperitoneal volume was calculated from the dilution of RISA with a correction for RISA disappearance from the peritoneal cavity. This study shows that adding hyaluronan to peritoneal dialysis solution significantly (P < 0.01) increased the net peritoneal fluid removal, mainly due to a significant decrease in the peritoneal fluid absorption rate (P < 0.01). The diffusive mass transfer coefficients for glucose, urea, and protein did not differ between the three groups. The peritoneal clearance of urea increased significantly in the two hyaluronan groups compared with the control group, due to the increased net fluid removal in the hyaluronan groups. These results suggest that intraperitoneal administration of hyaluronan during a single peritoneal dialysis exchange may significantly increase the peritoneal fluid and solute removal by decreasing peritoneal fluid absorption.

scholarly journals Metabolic Correction of Primary Hemostasis in the Acute Phase of Traumatic Brain Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
G. A. Boyarinov ◽  
O. D. Solovyova ◽  
E. I. Yakovleva ◽  
L V. Boyarinova ◽  
A. V. Deryugina
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Platelet Count ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Liver Sinusoid ◽  
Primary Hemostasis ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine on the ultrastructural alterations in endothelial cells of liver sinusoidal capillaries (SC) and primary hemostasis in the acute phase of traumatic brain injury (TBI).Materials and methods. Ultrastructural endothelial cell changes were studied in 36 female outbred rats in the acute phase of TBI using electron microscopy, and the platelet count was determined using a blood analyzer. The experimental group (n=18) animals received intraperitoneal injections of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine at the dose of 8.0 mg/kg per day for 12 days, and the control group (n=18) rats were administered with normal saline solution at the same dose.Results. Administration of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine in the early post TBI period reduced microvilli damage in endothelial, hepatic and stellate cells in the Disse space, whereas in the control group a significant decrease of these cells counts was detected. In contrast to the control group, the experimental group animals did not demonstrate thrombocytopenia on the days 1, 3, and 7 after injury. There was a significant increase in the platelet count compared with the baseline values, which was highest on day 12 after injury.Conclusion. Intraperitoneal administration of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine in rats in early post TBI period inhibited the TBI-associated damaging effect of secondary factors on liver sinusoid endothelial cells and platelet consumption.

scholarly journals Evaluation of adhesion barrier types in a rat hepatectomy-induced adhesion model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Shimizu ◽  
Miho Kai ◽  
Masako Tasaki ◽  
Naotaka Chino ◽  
Kiyoshi Hasegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Adhesion Formation ◽  
Mesothelial Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Liver Lobe ◽  
Adhesion Barrier ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Adhesion Model

Abstract Background: Adhesion formation after hepatectomy creates problems for repeat hepatectomy. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a spray (AdSpray) and sheet adhesion barrier (Seprafilm) in a rat hepatectomy-induced adhesion model.Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent partial resection of the left lateral liver lobe. They were randomly assigned to control (n=10), AdSpray (n=10), and Seprafilm groups. Seven days after surgery, the animals were sacrificed, and adhesions at the hepatic resection surface were blindly evaluated.Results: In the control group, adhesions were formed in all 10 animals (100%), with a 69% adhesion extent (mean). In the AdSpray group, the incidence of adhesions (40%) and the adhesion extent (mean, 10%) were significantly lower than in the control group. In the Seprafilm group, the adhesion extent (mean, 30%) was significantly lower than in the control group. As for histopathological examination, animals in the AdSpray group showed a similar healing profile to that of the control group without delayed healing and regeneration of mesothelial cells. In contrast, the Seprafilm group showed ongoing foreign body reaction to Seprafilm, and regeneration of mesothelial cells was immature at 7 days.Conclusions: Both the spray-type gel and sheet adhesion barriers significantly reduced adhesion formation after hepatectomy. The spray-type adhesion barrier caused no adverse events and induced favorable healing. These adhesion barriers may be effective in hepatectomy.

scholarly journals Changes of biochemical parameters in rat intestinal mucosa induced by methotrexate and effects of enteral administration of glutamine

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katica Bajin-Katic ◽  
Karmen Stankov ◽  
Zoran Kovacevic
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intestinal Damage ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Regeneration Time ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Previously Treated

BACKGROUND: Rapidly proliferating crypt cells of the intestinal epithelium, the precursors of the mature enterocytes, are extremely sensitive to the effects of cytostatic agents. We investigated the effects of the methotrexate on rat intestinal mucosa in order to get the information on biochemical indicators of intestinal damage. METHODS: Biochemical parameters were investigated in isolated intestinal mucosa of Sprague-Dawley rats, previously treated with methotrexate by intraperitoneal administration. Glutamine was dissolved in water and administered orally. RESULTS: The activity of glutaminase and alkaline phosphatase showed the enzymatic response to different doses of methotrexate. The activity of both enzymes was significantly lower in the mucosa of treated animals, compared to control group. CONCLUSION: Minimal mucosal damage and regeneration time is dose dependent and influenced by the dosage schedule of antitumor therapy.

Experimental Venous Thrombosis in Alloxan Diabetic Rats

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Arne Nordöy
Keyword(s):  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Adhesiveness ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Recalcification Time

Summary and Conclusions1. The effect of alloxan diabetes on thrombus formation has been examined in rats using a standardized damage of the jugular vein. No significant increase in the incidence of thrombosis as compared with the control group was observed.2. An accelerated recalcification time, cephalin time and thromboplastin time was observed, as well as an increase in the levels of fibrinogen, factor VII and factor VIII.3. The ADP-induced platelet adhesiveness in platelet rich plasma was decreased, possibly indicating a decrease in anti-Willebrand factor.4. A slight increase in total cholesterol, free fatty acids and triglycerides in plasma was observed.5. It is concluded from the present study that a thrombotic condition is not present in alloxan diabetic rats, although the activity of some coagulation factors is increased. The reason for this may be the decreased ADP-induced platelet adhesiveness in plasma.

Peritubular capillary permeability and intravascular RBC aggregation after ischemia: effects of neutrophils

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (4) ◽  
pp. F1018-F1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. O. Hellberg ◽  
O. T. Kallskog ◽  
G. Ojteg ◽  
M. Wolgast
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Capillary Permeability ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Renal Medulla ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Peritubular Capillary ◽  
Macromolecular Transport ◽  
Rbc Aggregation ◽  
Fluid Transfer

The influence of neutrophils on peritubular capillary permeability and intravascular red blood cell (RBC) aggregation after renal ischemia was studied in anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. Intraperitoneal administration of antineutrophil serum (ANS) reduced the number of neutrophils in the blood to 3% of normal. The control group received an equal volume of inactive serum. Renal macromolecular capillary permeability was studied from 1) extravasation of albumin and 2) plasma to lymph transport of plasma proteins and of neutral and negatively charged lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The net driving force (NDF) for fluid transfer over the peritubular capillary membrane was determined by the micropuncture technique. The intrarenal distributions of neutrophils and RBC were measured by a histochemical method and 51Cr-labeled RBC, respectively. Under preischemic control conditions neither macromolecular permeability nor renal clearance of inulin was affected by ANS. However, the steep increase in the macromolecular transport from plasma to lymph resulting from 45 min of ischemia and reperfusion was blunted by ANS, and preischemic control values were restored after 1 h of recirculation. In the control group the mass transport of plasma proteins increased twofold and that of both neutral and negatively charged LDH fourfold. NDF was equal in the two groups. In the ANS-treated animals the intrarenal neutrophil content was only 2% of the control. Neutrophils were found mainly in the cortex, whereas RBC aggregation was observed only in the renal medulla. It is concluded that neutrophils mediate postischemic capillary leakage. It is suggested that this leakage underlies RBC aggregation and incomplete return of blood flow in the renal medulla after ischemia.

Symbiotic effect of lactobacillus acidophilus, Ginger, Pineapple and Green Coffee in the complex management of obesity in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Aml Ghanem ◽  
Osama M. Abonama ◽  
Ahmed I. Abd El Maksoud ◽  
Mokhtar M. El-Zawahry ◽  
Dalia Elebeedy
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Sprague Dawley

Background: Obesity is a chronic metabolic disease associated with having excess body fat that could be influenced by many factors. Our study aimed to assess the powerful effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus alone or combined (symbiotic) with Prebiotic such as Ginger, Pineapple and Green Coffee as anti-obesity agents. Methodology: Using 8 groups (10 rats each) of Sprague-Dawley rats, Group 1 was kept as a negative control, Group 2 positive control, while other groups were orally given Lactobacillus acidophilus, Ginger, Pineapple and Green Coffee individually and in combination with Probiotics, for 45 days till the end of the experiment while the body weight of rats was recorded.Blood samples were collected for biochemical parameters analysis and organs were dissected and homogenized to analyze obesity-related biomarkers, Results: Our results revealed that either individual or mixed administration of this pro and prebiotics decreased the body and organs, specifically those treated with the mixture or probiotic and prebiotic, also serum (HDL), CAT), and (SOD) was decreased (P <0.05), while other biochemical parameters (T.G), (CHOL), (U.A), (Creat), Urea, (GOT),(GPT) and (ALP); ( significantly (P<0.05) was decreased when compared with the positive control group, Nevertheless, the histopathological examination showed the reduction of adipose tissue in kidney, liver, and Pancreas showed overestimate reductions in the percentage of body fat. Conclusions: This study showed a promising effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus when it combined with these plants as natural feed additives on obesity.

scholarly journals Effect of Celecoxib on Emotional Stress and Pain-Related Behaviors Evoked by Experimental Tooth Movement in the Rat

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1169-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsunori Shibazaki ◽  
Joseph H. Yozgatian ◽  
Jorge L. Zeredo ◽  
Carmen Gonzales ◽  
Hitoshi Hotokezaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
Passive Control ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Active Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Behavioral Test ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Objective: To test the efficacy of an animal model of pain and stress and evaluate the effects of celecoxib administered when orthodontic force is applied. Materials and Methods: A 20-g reciprocal force was applied via an orthodontic appliance to the maxillary left first and second molars of 7-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rat behavior was evaluated at 5, 24, and 48 hours after the appliance was set. Behavior was assessed in a test field by the number of lines crossed in the first 30 seconds and 5 minutes following force application; number of lines crossed to the center; rearing time; and facial grooming time. Experimental group 1 received intraperitoneal administration of 30 mg/kg celecoxib before every behavioral test. Experimental group 2 received 90 mg/kg before the first behavioral test, and physiologic saline was administered before the remaining behavioral tests. Control groups received saline before every behavioral test and were given passive (passive control group) and active (active control group) appliances, respectively. Results: Parameters related to pain increased in the active controls, whereas the parameters in the experimental groups decreased to the level seen in the passive controls. Statistically significant differences in pain-related behavior between control and experimental groups were found at 5 and 24 hours after placing the appliance. Stress-related behavior was significantly less in the experimental groups compared to the active control group during experimental periods. Conclusions: The administration of celecoxib relieves pain- and stress-related behavior evoked by orthodontic tooth movement in the rat. This model might be a useful tool for the evaluation of pain and stress.

scholarly journals Evidence suggesting the regulation of a coagulation factor levels in rabbits by a transferable plasma agent

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 949-954
Author(s):  
EW Friedman ◽  
M Karpatkin ◽  
S Karpatkin
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Consumption Coagulopathy ◽  
Control Donor ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Slight Rise

New Zealand white rabbits were given 30 ml of goat serum intravenously. This procedure resulted in an immediate decrease in platelet count, fibrinogen, and levels of coagulation factors II, V, VII, and X, due to consumption coagulopathy. These factors returned toward baseline levels approximately 12 hr after the injection. Plasma from rabbits who had received goat serum 48 hr previously (donor rabbits) was injected into recipient rabbits. This procedure resulted in a slight rise in the level of coagulation factor II (range, 20%-30%) and a significant rise in factors V (35%-75%), VII (35%-235%), and X (35%-75%) in the recipients. When plasma from control donor rabbits who had not received goat serum was injected into recipients, there was no change in these coagulation factors. It is postulated that the reduction in coagulation factor levels in donor rabbits induces a “coagulopoietin” for each factor or one “coagulopoietin” for all factors which stimulates increased synthesis and/or release of these factors in recipient rabbits.

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