Increased Sensitivity to Endotoxin Induced Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) in Vitamin E-Deficient Rabbits

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lipinski ◽  
L.J. Machlin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

DIC in rabbits was induced by i.v, injection of E. coli endotoxin (e) (50μg/kg). The levels of fibrinogen (F) and FDP, fibrin monomer (FM), PTT, white blood cells and platelet counts were determined before and 3 hours after e injection. Fibrin (f) deposited in organs was calculated by counting the radioactivity of 125I-F introduced i.v, beforehand. Pretreatment of rabbits, maintained on laboratory chow, with dl-α-tocopheryl acetate (vit. E) (40mg/kg/day i.m. for 3 days) did not protect the animals against U1C induced with 2 doses of e 24 hours apart, and only slightly reduced amounts of f deposited in organs. On the other hand, rabbits maintained on a vit. E-deficient diet were found to be extremely sensitive to e. Single doses of e caused 100% mortality within 24 hours, as compared to 100% survival in a group fed the same diet containing vit. E. Laboratory findings (F depletion, presence of FM, increased FDP and prolonged PTT) and increased f deposition in organs (kidneys, lung, liver and spleen) indicated activation of intravascular coagulation by a single dose of c in vit. E-deficient rabbits. It is possible that normal levels of vit. E protect against cell injury by e and thus prevent a release of procoagulants into the blood stream.

Application of Biomedical Image Processing in Blood Cell Counting using Hough Transform

2016 ◽  
pp. 359-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manali Mukherjee ◽  
Kamarujjaman ◽  
Mausumi Maitra
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Biomedical Image Processing ◽  
Microscopic Images ◽  
Biomedical Image ◽  
Rapid Heart Rate

In the field of biomedicine, blood cells are complex in nature. Nowadays, microscopic images are used in several laboratories for detecting cells or parasite by technician. The microscopic images of a blood stream contain RBCs, WBCs and Platelets. Blood cells are produced in the bone marrow and regularly released into circulation. Blood counts are monitored with a laboratory test called a Complete Blood Count (CBC). However, certain circumstances may cause to have fewer cells than is considered normal, a condition which is called “low blood counts”.This can be accomplished with the administration of blood cell growth factors. Common symptoms due to low red blood cells are:fatigue or tiredness, trouble breathing, rapid heart rate, difficulty staying warm, pale skin etc. Common symptoms due to low white blood cells are: infection, fever etc. It is important to monitor for low blood cell count because conditions could increase the risk of unpleasant and sometimes life-threatening side effects.

scholarly journals Improving outcomes in the treatment of chronic cervicitis

2018 ◽  
pp. 104-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Savelyeva ◽  
I. B. Polyanskaya ◽  
E. G. Galyanskaya ◽  
L. S. Shevlyagina ◽  
O. V. Shirokova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Chronic Cervicitis

The aim of the studywas to improve the results of treatment of chronic cervicitis with the help of the drug benzidamine (rose Tantum) solution for douching.Material and methods –76 patients of reproductive age with chronic cervicitis were included in the study. The criteria for the effectiveness of treatment were the disappearance of clinical symptoms and normalization of laboratory parameters.Results. Clinical and laboratory efficacy of therapy increased modestly to 86.8%. Insufficient effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the therapy was recorded in 13,2%. The average number of white blood cells was 12 in the field of view, there was an eradication of Gardnerella vaginalis and E. coli. In the whole group, no serious side effects were registered in the assessment of safety and tolerability of the drug.Conclusion. Therapy with a combined preparation of benzidamine (rose Tantum) with a solution for douching, in the treatment of chronic cervicitis has shown its high efficiency. 

scholarly journals Estimation of Malaria Parasite Densities by Different Formulas in Thailand

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kyaw Swar Oo ◽  
Polrat Wilairatana ◽  
Noppadon Tangpuckdee ◽  
Kittiyod Poovorawan ◽  
Srivicha Krudsood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Blood Film ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Precise Estimation ◽  
Clinical Presentations

Introduction: Although there are many methods in malaria diagnoses e.g., quatitative buffy coat (QBC), rapid diagnosis tests (RDTs), serological tests and molecular diagnosis methods such as PCR, but microscopy still remains the gold standard for malaria diagnosis. Estimation of malaria parasite density can be carried out by using assumed white blood cells (WBC) and red blood cells (RBC) counts. Objective: The aims of this study were to determine malaria parasite densities calculated by assumed WBC and RBC counts; and to compare their reliability with absolute WBC and RBC counts. Methods: The clinical presentations and laboratory findings of specimens collected from 512 uncomplicated falciparum and vivax malaria patients admitted to Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand were utilized and analysed for estimation of malaria parasite densities by using different formulas. Results: Parasite densities calculated by WHO recommended assumed WBC of 8,000 /µL, and assumed RBC counts of 4.7x106-6.1x106 /µL and 4.2x106-5.4x106 /µL for males and females respectively led to overestimation, and resulted in low reliability when compared to the absolute WBC and RBC counts. Parasite densities calculated by assumed WBC of 5,900/µL in thick blood; by assumed RBC of 4.8x106/µL for males and 4.3x106/μL for females in thin blood film respectively gave more precise estimation. Conclusion: Assumed WBC and RBC counts for calculating malaria parasite densities have to be adjusted to use in Thailand for more precise estimation. Parasite densities calculated by assumed WBC and RBC used in other malaria endemic countries might need further re-evaluation.

Approach to the Patient with Benign Hematologic Disorders

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Mark Sloan ◽  
David C Seldin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Normal Ranges

Hematology principally concerns the function and disorders of the formed elements of the blood—red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets—as well as those factors governing hemostasis. Hematologists have been a powerful force in basic biomedical and translational research. Their work, propelled partly by the ease of collection of blood and bone marrow for study, has enabled an understanding of many blood disorders at a fundamental molecular level. Techniques developed for the study of hematology are often adopted by other disciplines. This chapter discusses the anatomy of the hematopoietic system, hematopoiesis and the bone marrow, physical examination of the hematology patient, evaluation of the complete blood count (CBC) and peripheral blood smear, and coagulation. Tables delineate CBC parameters with normal ranges; peripheral smear findings, descriptions, and RBC indices and significance; laboratory findings in erythrocytosis; diseases commonly associated with eosinophilia and useful workup; common medications strongly associated with thrombocytopenia; and the 4Ts score for determining pretest probability of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Figures depict the three fractions of centrifuged blood, the lymph node, hematopoietic stem cells, bone marrow aspirate and biopsy procedure, architecture of the bone marrow microenvironment, petechiae, WBC types found in the smear of peripheral blood, the direct antiglobulin test, myeloid cells, and the coagulation system. This review contains 10 highly rendered figures, 6 tables, and 40 references.

Application of Biomedical Image Processing in Blood Cell Counting Using Hough Transform

Biometrics ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 1175-1194
Author(s):  
Manali Mukherjee ◽  
Kamarujjaman ◽  
Mausumi Maitra
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Biomedical Image Processing ◽  
Microscopic Images ◽  
Biomedical Image ◽  
Rapid Heart Rate

In the field of biomedicine, blood cells are complex in nature. Nowadays, microscopic images are used in several laboratories for detecting cells or parasite by technician. The microscopic images of a blood stream contain RBCs, WBCs and Platelets. Blood cells are produced in the bone marrow and regularly released into circulation. Blood counts are monitored with a laboratory test called a Complete Blood Count (CBC). However, certain circumstances may cause to have fewer cells than is considered normal, a condition which is called “low blood counts”. This can be accomplished with the administration of blood cell growth factors. Common symptoms due to low red blood cells are: fatigue or tiredness, trouble breathing, rapid heart rate, difficulty staying warm, pale skin etc. Common symptoms due to low white blood cells are: infection, fever etc. It is important to monitor for low blood cell count because conditions could increase the risk of unpleasant and sometimes life-threatening side effects.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION

1960 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Allison ◽  
Margie G. Lancaster
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Low Levels

The relation of intravascular fibrin to the leucocytic sticking reaction in ear chambers of rabbits injured by heat was investigated in two ways. First, attempts were made to destroy the thin layer of fibrin believed to coat the surfaces of cells involved in the sticking reaction. Second, white cell sticking was studied after fibrinogen had been removed from the blood stream. The results of these experiments were as follows:— 1. Activation of fibrinolysin in vivo by streptokinase did not impair sticking of white blood cells. 2. Administration of streptokinase parenterally did not lower fibrinogen blood levels appreciably even when the amount used was large. 3. Thromboplastin infusions alone reduced circulating fibrinogen to low levels but leucocytic sticking was not prevented. Furthermore, frequent death of animals due to pulmonary embolism made such experiments prohibitive. 4. Addition of streptokinase to thromboplastin infusions protected against embolic deaths but did not influence sticking even though the fibrinogen levels achieved were quite low. 5. Finally, when thrombin was added to infusions of thromboplastin and streptokinase, no circulating fibrinogen could be detected. Under such circumstances leucocytic sticking following heat injury occurred without reduction. These findings were interpreted as evidence against a primary role of the blood clotting mechanism in causing the sticking of white blood cells to injured endothelium. Alternative explanations were discussed.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN THE BONE MARROW AND BLOOD CELLS OF DEVELOPING RABBITS

1936 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. Sabin ◽  
F. R. Miller ◽  
K. C. Smithburn ◽  
R. M. Thomas ◽  
L. E. Hummel
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Macrocytic Anemia ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
The Body ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Adult Rabbit ◽  
Small Space ◽  
Chemical Factors

1. The full number of erythroid cells in the blood stream of the rabbit is reached by the 3rd week of life. 2. During this period, there is a predominance of erythrogenesis in the bone marrow. 3. During the 2nd week of life the bone marrow is in a state of hyperplasia owing to the needs of the body for blood and the small space available for the marrow. 4. This hyperplasia is reduced as the growth of the bone permits the marrow to spread. The control of the growth of the bones has an important bearing on hematopoiesis. 5. During the first 3 weeks of life, the chemical factors for the multiplication of red cells as well as for the elaboration of hemoglobin become available. 6. The amount of hemoglobin does not increase as rapidly as the number of cells, so that the macrocytic anemia of the fetus becomes reduced. The proportion of hemoglobin per red cell characteristic of the adult rabbit is reached by the 3rd month. 7. Further evidence on the intravascular origin of red blood cells is given. 8. The development of all of the white blood cells, with the exception of the monocyte, goes on at a slower rate than that of the red cells. 9. The monocytes reach their full number in the blood stream in the 1st week of life; granulocytes and lymphocytes by the 5th and 6th months. 10. Each of the three strains of white cells has a different rate of development. 11. The question as to whether the stem cell or primitive cell is identical with the lymphocyte is discussed.

scholarly journals Study of some Impact Of Enterococcus faecium As Probiotic On Chick 2- Newcastle Disease Antibody And White blood cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Emad J. Khamas
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Differential Count ◽  
Blood Picture ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Disease Antibody ◽  
The Impact

To investigate the impact of Enterococcus faecium as a probiotic in theperformance of layer male chicks and some aspects of immunity, Newcastle diseaseantibodies and the blood picture, this bacteria was given in the feed of layer malechicks with a dose rate of 1.5 g\kg of feed, each kg of feed contained (5×1011CFU)along the experiment which last 57 days. 150 male chicks were divided into fivegroups, the 1st group was given the probiotic in the feed, the 2nd group was given theprobiotic and was exposed to bad ventilation and high temperature as a stress, thethird group was given the probiotic and chlortetracycline in the feed, the fourth groupwas given the probiotic and then infected with E. coli on day 21 of the experiment,and the fifth group was given the feed only without the probiotic as a control group.Results showed that giving Enterococcus faecium in the feed had insignificant effecton Newcastle antibodies tested on day 37 of the experiment, and the effect wassignificant on day 57. Also, the differential count of the white blood cells wasincreased while the heterophile\lymphocyte ratio was decreased in the groups whichwere given probiotic, compared with the control.

scholarly journals Giant vesical calculus

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2842
Author(s):  
Ankita Vergadia ◽  
Neeraj Bansal ◽  
Nitin Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Lower Abdomen ◽  
Vesical Calculus ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Urine Examination ◽  
History Of ◽  
Culture Growth ◽  
Giant Vesical Calculus

Author presented a case report of a 42-year-old male patient who presented with dysuria, heaviness in lower abdomen since last 3 years associated with pain over bilateral lumber region since 2 years. He had history of recurrent urinary tract infection for last 6 months with blood in urine occasionally. Routine urine examination detected red and white blood cells with culture growth of E. coli. Ultrasound of abdomen confirmed the presence of vesical calculus of 10x7x5 cm.

scholarly journals Growth performance and gut health of Escherichia coli-challenged weaned pigs fed canola meal-containing diet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsu Hong ◽  
Samuel Ariyibi ◽  
Linto Antony ◽  
Joy Scaria ◽  
Steven Dilberger-Lawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
E Coli ◽  
D 20 ◽  
Fecal Score

Abstract An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of including canola meal (CM) in diets for weaning pigs challenged with a F18 strain of E. coli on growth performance and gut health. A total of 36 individually housed weaned pigs [initial body weight (BW) = 6.22 kg] were randomly allotted to 1 of the 3 diets (12 pigs/diets). The 3 diets were corn-soybean meal (SBM)-based basal diet (control diet) and the basal diet with 0.3% zinc oxide, 0.2% chlortetracycline, and 0.2% tiamulin (antibiotic diet), or with 20% canola meal (CM diet). The diets were fed in 2 phases; Phase 1: d 0 to 7, and Phase 2: d 7 to 20. All pigs were given an oral dose of 2 × 10 9 CFU of F18 strain of E. coli on d 7. Fecal score was assessed daily throughout the trial. Dietary antibiotics increased (P < 0.05) overall ADG and ADFI compared by 48% and 47%, respectively. Dietary CM increased (P < 0.05) overall ADG and ADFI by 22% and 23%, respectively; but the ADG and ADFI values for CM-containing diet did not reach those for the antibiotics-containing diet. Dietary antibiotics reduced (P < 0.05) fecal score; however, dietary CM unaffected fecal score. Dietary antibiotics decreased (P < 0.05) liver weight per unit live BW by 16% at d 20; whereas dietary CM did not affect liver weight per unit live BW (29.2 vs. 28.6). Also, dietary antibiotics increased (P < 0.05) serum triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine levels for d 14; whereas dietary CM did not affect the serum level of these hormones. Dietary antibiotics reduced (P < 0.05) the number white blood cells and neutrophils by 38% and 43% at d 20, respectively; whereas dietary CM tended to reduce (P = 0.09) the number white blood cells by 19% at d 20. The number white blood cells for CM diet tended to be greater (P < 0.10) than that for antibiotics diet. The dietary antibiotics decreased (P < 0.05) the concentration of individual volatile fatty acids and hence of total volatile fatty acid in cecum by 61% at d 20; whereas dietary CM decreased (P < 0.05) cecal butyric acid concentration by 61% and tended to reduce (P < 0.10) total volatile fatty acid concentration by 30% at d 20. In conclusion, the dietary inclusion of 20% canola meal improved ADG and tended to reduce white blood cell counts. Thus, inclusion of CM in antibiotics-free corn-SBM-based diets for weaned pigs that are challenged with F18 strain of E. coli can result in their improved performance partly through a reduction of the inflammatory response.

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