Superior Strategy in Benign Tracheal Stenosis Treatment: Surgery or Endoscopy?

Abstract Introduction Due to the variations in (laryngeal) tracheal stenosis (TS) patient groups, there is still no consensus on which patient should be treated with endoscopy or surgery. The aim of the present study was to generate an algorithm in the light of the related literature and the data obtained from a clinic where both endoscopic and surgical treatments are conducted. Method A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of a total of 56 patients during 2013 to 2019. A total of 38 patients were subject to surgery with 31 as a first treatment option and 7 due to the unsatisfactory results of endoscopic treatments. Endoscopic approaches were tried on a total of 29 patients with 25 as initial treatment and 4 due to postsurgical recurrence. Results Symptomatic full control ratio was determined as 69% with endoscopic treatments, 89.5% in subglottic stenosis (SGS) surgery (n = 19), and 89.5% in trachea surgery (n = 19). However, success rates with no recurrence were determined, respectively, as 40.0, 36.4, and 36.4% for patients subject to dilatation, stent, or T tube treatment. Dilatation was observed to be successful in patients with stenotic segment lengths of less than 1.5 cm (p = 0.02). Failure rates increased in SGS (p = 0.03) and TS (p = 0.12) in the surgical group with increasing stenotic segment length. The presence of comorbidities was not effective on treatment success. Conclusion Endoscopic methods are preferred in cases of web-like stenosis. Surgical methods should first be considered for other patients and endoscopic methods should be used on patients who are not suited for surgery or in cases of postsurgical recurrence.

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The first experience of bipolar transurethral operations in surgery of benign prostatic hyperplasia

World Ecology Journal ◽

10.25726/nm.2019.71.95.002 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 10-20

Author(s):

Н.А. Глотов ◽

Н.Е. Соколов ◽

Ю.Б. Смоляков

Keyword(s):

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Medium Term ◽

Significance Level ◽

The Road ◽

Surgical Methods ◽

The Comparative Study ◽

Endoscopic Methods ◽

Qualitative Characteristics

Представлены результаты внедрения в хирургическую практику урологического отделения Дорожной клинической больницы г. Ярославль биполярной техники трансуретральной резекции (БТУР) и энуклеации простаты (ТУЭБ) для лечения доброкачественной гиперплазии предстательной железы (ДГПЖ) средних и больших размеров. В сравнительное исследование включено 164 пациента, разделенных по методам операции на 2 основные группы (ТУЭБ - 33 человека, БТУР - 49) и 2 контрольные (открытая простатэктомия - ОПЭ - 38 и монополярная ТУР - 44). Для новых эндоскопических методов установлено значимое снижение объема кровопотери, частоты геморрагических осложнений, сроков послеоперационной катетеризации и госпитализации. Для количественной оценки различий средних и относительных показателей использо-вали непараметрический критерий Манна-Уитни, оценка качественных признаков проводилась с применением критерия Пирсона (χ2), уровень значимости различий для исследования выбран р ≤ 0,05. Анализ послеоперационной динамики клинических показателей в среднесрочной перспективе показал сходную радикальность и эффектив-ность сравниваемых методов. Установленные меньшая инвазивность, большая безопасность и лучшая переносимость биполярных эндоскопических операций демонстрируют перспективность их внедрения взамен бывших стандартных хирургических методов, что позволит повысить качество оперативного лечения и сократить затраты стационара. The results of the introduction into surgical practice of the urological Department of the road clinical hospital of Yaroslavl bipolar technique of transurethral resection (BTTR) and enucleation of the prostate (EOTP) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) of medium and large sizes are presented. The comparative study included 164 patients, divided by the methods of surgery into 2 main groups (EOTP - 33 people, BTTR - 49) and 2 control (open prostatectomy - OPE - 38 and monopolar TTR - 44). For new endoscopic methods, a significant reduction in the volume of blood loss, the frequency of hemorrhagic complications, the timing of postoperative catheterization and hospitalization was established. Nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used to quantify the differences in mean and relative indicators, qualitative characteristics were evaluated using Pearson test (χ2), the significance level of the differences for the study was chosen p ≤ 0.05. Analysis of postoperative dynamics of clinical parameters in the medium term showed similar radicality and effectiveness of the compared methods. The lower invasiveness, greater safety and better tolerability of bipolar endoscopic operations demonstrate the prospects of their implementation instead of the former standard surgical methods, which will improve the quality of surgical treatment and reduce the costs of the hospital.

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Use of an Insulation-Tipped Knife during Rigid Bronchoscopic Treatment of Benign Tracheobronchial Stenosis

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina57030251 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 251

Author(s):

Ji-Won Park ◽

Yousang Ko ◽

Changhwan Kim

Keyword(s):

Tracheal Stenosis ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Stable State ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Rigid Bronchoscopy ◽

Bronchial Stenosis ◽

Tracheobronchial Stenosis ◽

Acute Complications ◽

The Mean ◽

Post Intubation

Background and Objectives: Tracheal or bronchial tears are potential complications of rigid bronchoscopy. This study aimed to investigate the acute complications and outcomes of using an insulation-tipped (IT) knife in combination with rigid bronchoscopic dilatation for treating benign tracheobronchial stenosis. Materials and Methods: We conducted a chart review of patients with benign tracheobronchial stenosis who were treated with rigid bronchoscopy and an IT knife at two referral centers. Treatment success was defined as a clinically stable state without worsening symptoms after 3 months of treatment. Results: Of the 23 patients with benign tracheobronchial stenosis, 15 had tracheal stenosis and 6 had main bronchial stenosis. Among them, three cases were of simple stenosis (13%), while the others were of complex stenosis (87%). The overall treatment success rate was 87.0%. Pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema occurred due to bronchial laceration in two cases of distal left main bronchial stenosis (8.7%), and no other significant acute complications developed. Silicone stents were inserted in 20 patients, and successful stent removal was possible in 11 patients (55.0%). Six of the seven stents inserted in patients with post-intubation tracheal stenosis were removed successfully (85.7%). However, most of the patients with post-tracheostomy tracheal stenosis required persistent stenting (80%). Pulmonary function was significantly increased after treatment, and the mean increase in the forced expiratory volume in 1 s was 391 ± 171 mL (160–700 mL). Conclusion: The use of an IT knife can be suggested as an effective and safe modality for rigid bronchoscopic treatment of benign tracheobronchial stenosis.

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One-year outcomes of microhook trabeculotomy versus suture trabeculotomy ab interno

Graefe s Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology ◽

10.1007/s00417-021-05333-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hiroshi Yokoyama ◽

Masashi Takata ◽

Fumi Gomi

Keyword(s):

Survival Analysis ◽

Clinical Success ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Medication Use ◽

Glaucoma Surgery ◽

Success Rates ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

One Year ◽

Ab Interno

Abstract Purpose To compare clinical success rates and reductions in intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP-lowering medication use following suture trabeculotomy ab interno (S group) or microhook trabeculotomy (μ group). Methods This retrospective review collected data from S (n = 104, 122 eyes) and μ (n = 42, 47 eyes) groups who underwent treatment between June 1, 2016, and October 31, 2019, and had 12-month follow-up data including IOP, glaucoma medications, complications, and additional IOP-lowering procedures. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate treatment success rates defined as normal IOP (> 5 to ≤ 18 mm Hg), ≥ 20% reduction of IOP from baseline at two consecutive visits, and no further glaucoma surgery. Results Schlemm’s canal opening was longer in the S group than in the μ group (P < 0.0001). The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of all eyes showed cumulative clinical success rates in S and µ groups were 71.1% and 61.7% (P = 0.230). The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of eyes with preoperative IOP ≥ 21 mmHg showed cumulative clinical success rates in S and μ groups were 80.4% and 60.0% (P = 0.0192). There were no significant differences in postoperative IOP at 1, 3, and 6 months (S group, 14.9 ± 5.6, 14.6 ± 4.5, 14.6 ± 3.9 mmHg; μ group, 15.8 ± 5.9, 15.2 ± 4.4, 14.7 ± 3.7 mmHg; P = 0.364, 0.443, 0.823), but postoperative IOP was significantly lower in the S group at 12 months (S group, 14.1 ± 3.1 mmHg; μ group, 15.6 ± 4.1 mmHg; P = 0.0361). There were no significant differences in postoperative numbers of glaucoma medications at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months (S group, 1.8 ± 1.6, 1.8 ± 1.5, 2.0 ± 1.6, 1.8 ± 1.5; μ group, 2.0 ± 1.6, 2.0 ± 1.6, 2.1 ± 1.6, 2.2 ± 1.7; P = 0.699, 0.420, 0.737, 0.198). Conclusion S and µ group eyes achieved IOP reduction, but μ group eyes had lower clinical success rates among patients with high preoperative IOP at 12 months.

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Outcomes of Endodontic Therapy Comparing Conventional Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigation with Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Using Sodium Hypochlorite and Ethylenediaminetetraacetate. A Retrospective Analysis

The Open Dentistry Journal ◽

10.2174/1874210616021001375 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 375-381 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Moritz Hertel ◽

Katja Sommer ◽

Eckehard Kostka ◽

Sandra Maria Imiolczyk ◽

Husam Ballout ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Success Rates ◽

Chi Square ◽

Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Ultrasonic Irrigation ◽

Endodontic Irrigation ◽

Group 2

The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of two different standardized endodontic irrigation protocols. It was assumed that the additional use of ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) would result in an increased rate of absence of symptoms and remission based on the periapical index (PAI) compared to passive irrigation using only sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Data and radiographs from 199 teeth retrieved from the institutional endodontic database were analyzed retrospectively. In 106 teeth irrigation was performed using only NaOCl (protocol 1). Ninety-three teeth were irrigated using NaOCl and EDTA (protocol 2). Chlorhexidine (CHX) was additionally used in revision treatments in both groups. All irrigants in group 2 were activated by PUI. Mean follow-up periods were: protocol 1 = 9.2 ± 4.4 and protocol 2 = 6.6 ± 2.5 months (p < 0.0001 (chi-square test). The frequencies of the PAImasterpoint and PAIfollow-up scores did not differ significantly between teeth, which received either protocol 1 or 2 (p = 0.555 and 0.138). Statistical analysis revealed no significant association between treatment success (absence of clinical symptoms and PAIfollow-up = I or PAImasterpoint > PAIfollow-up > I) and the applied protocol (success rates: protocol 1 = 72.6% vs. protocol 2 = 82.8%; p = 0.203). Furthermore, the frequency of extractions did not differ significantly between the two protocols (p = 0.102). No association was found between follow-up time and treatment success (p = 0.888). The hypothesis was not confirmed. Even though the obtained success rate was higher after supplementing the irrigation protocol with EDTA and PUI, no significance was recorded. Hence, protocol 2 was not superior to protocol 1 regarding therapy success, at least within the limited follow-up period. It may be cautiously concluded that sufficient mechanical debridement combined with passive NaOCl irrigation results in comparably high success rates compared to EDTA and PUI.

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Is Allergic Rhinitis a Factor That Affects Success of Tympanoplasty?

Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove Czech Republic) ◽

10.14712/18059694.2016.48 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 10-13

Author(s):

Elif Ersoy Callioglu ◽

A. Sami Bercin ◽

Hayati Kale ◽

Togay Muderris ◽

Sule Demirci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Success Rate ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Success Rates ◽

Type 1 Tympanoplasty ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Patient Groups ◽

The Difference ◽

Graft Success

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of allergic rhinitis on the success of the operation in chronic otitis surgery by using score for allergic rhinitis (SFAR). Materials and Methods: In the present study; 121 patients, who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty were examined retrospectively. SFAR of all patients were recorded. The graft success rates of 26 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and 95 patients with no allergic rhinitis group (NAR) were compared. Results: While the graft success rate in NAR group was 89.5%, this rate was 80.8% in the AR group. However, the difference between groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.311). Conclusion: These findings suggest that allergic rhinitis decreases the graft success rate of the pathologies occurring in eustachian tube, middle ear and mastoid although statistically significant difference wasn’t found. Prospective studies with larger patient groups are required in order to evaluate this pathology.

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Determining the Incidence of Complications and Their Causes after Stapedotomy in Patients with Otosclerosis

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2019/v28i630222 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Mohamad Mohseni ◽

Ahmad Daneshi ◽

Ali Mohamad Asghari ◽

Saleh Mohebi ◽

Sara Moradi

Keyword(s):

Visual Analogue Scale ◽

Analogue Scale ◽

Tympanic Membrane Perforation ◽

Medical Treatments ◽

Surgical Methods ◽

Membrane Perforation ◽

History Of ◽

Effective Role ◽

Surgical Treatments ◽

Time Of Admission

Introduction: In order to treat the symptoms of otosclerosis, various surgical and medical treatments are suggested. Surgical treatments are the choice. This study aimed to determine the incidence of vertigo and its cause in Iran, and the present study focused on this issue. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study carried out on patients with otosclerosis undergoing stapedotomy referred to Rasoul Akram hospital, Tehran during 2017-18. The patients aged below 18 or those who had a history of vertigo were excluded. Diapasonic and audiometric tests were carried out. The follow-ups included the time of admission (the day after surgery) for the presence of vertigo using visual analogue scale and diapasonic tests, one week after surgery using visual analogue scale and diapasonic tests, and one month after surgery using visual analogue scale and audiometry. The data were imported to SPSS v.22 software and analyzed. Results: The surgical complications that occurred after stapedotomy for patients in this center were as follows: 12.1%of subjects had vertigo one day after surgery, 8.6% had vertigo one week later, and 1.7% had vertigo one month later, thus, the frequency of vertigo was reduced overtime. Meanwhile, 91.4% of the patients had a better sense of hearing and only 1.7% suffered from tympanic membrane perforation. In 8.6% of subjects, there was a disturbance in the taste. Tinnitus was only observed in 5.2% of the surgical patients in this center. Among women, vertigo was higher one day and one week after surgery. Logistic regression showed that age is significant predictor of dizziness one day after surgery (OR: 1.37, P=0.03). Conclusion: According to the results, the frequency of vertigo was decreased overtime. In this study, it was found that the complications of stapedotomy surgery were less than other surgical methods, but those who were older had significantly higher vertigo a week and one day after surgery indicating effective role of age on postoperative complications. Those who underwent surgery by tympanomeatal method had a better vertigo one day and one week after surgery.

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Novel avenues to approach non-CPAP therapy and implement comprehensive OSA care

European Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1183/13993003.01788-2021 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2101788

Author(s):

Jean-Louis Pépin ◽

Peter Eastwood ◽

Danny J. Eckert

Keyword(s):

Treatment Success ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Mandibular Advancement ◽

Individual Risk ◽

Future Research ◽

Success Rates ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Obstructive Sleep

Recent advances in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) pathophysiology and translational research have opened new lines of investigation for OSA treatment and management. Key goals of such investigations are to provide efficacious, alternative treatment and management pathways that are better tailored to individual risk profiles to move beyond the traditional, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)-focused, “one size fits all”, trial and error approach which is too frequently inadequate for many patients. Identification of different clinical manifestations of OSA (clinical phenotypes) and underlying pathophysiological phenotypes (endotypes), that contribute to OSA have provided novel insights into underlying mechanisms and have underpinned these efforts. Indeed, this new knowledge has provided the framework for precision medicine for OSA to improve treatment success rates with existing non-CPAP therapies such as mandibular advancement devices and upper airway surgery, and newly developed therapies such as hypoglossal nerve stimulation and emerging therapies such as pharmacotherapies and combination therapy. These concepts have also provided insight into potential physiological barriers to CPAP adherence for certain patients. This review summarises the recent advances in OSA pathogenesis, non-CPAP treatment, clinical management approaches and highlights knowledge gaps for future research. OSA endotyping and clinical phenotyping, risk stratification and personalised treatment allocation approaches are rapidly evolving and will further benefit from the support of recent advances in e-health and artificial intelligence.

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Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of treatment success rate among adult patients with tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024559 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. e024559 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jonathan Izudi ◽

Daniel Semakula ◽

Richard Sennono ◽

Imelda K Tamwesigire ◽

Francis Bajunirwe

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Forest Plot ◽

Kappa Statistics ◽

Success Rates ◽

Ethical Approval ◽

Sub Saharan

IntroductionTuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of mortality globally. Despite being curable, treatment success rates (TSRs) among adult patients with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB (BC-PTB) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) differ considerably. This protocol documents and presents an explicit plan of a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarise TSR among adult patients with BC-PTB in SSA.Methods and analysisTwo reviewers will search and extract data from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Ovid, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Web of Science electronic databases. Observational and interventional studies published between 1 July 2008 and 30 June 2018, involving adult patients with BC-PTB will be eligible. Data abstraction disagreements will be resolved by consensus with a third reviewer, while percentage agreement computed with kappa statistics. TSR will be computed with Metaprop, a Stata command for pooling proportions using DerSimonian and Laird random effects model and presented in a forest plot with corresponding 95% CIs. Heterogeneity between included studies will be assessed with Cochran’s Q test and quantified with I-squared values. Publication bias will be evaluated with funnel plots and tested with Egger’s weighted regression. Time trends in TSR will be calculated with cumulative meta-analysis.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval will be needed because data from previous published studies in which informed consent was obtained by primary investigators will be retrieved and analysed. We will prepare a manuscript for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and present the results at conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018099151.

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Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Outcome in the Littoral Region of Cameroon: A Meta-analysis of Treatment Success Rate between 2014 and 2016

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/8298291 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Dorgelesse F. Kouemo Motse ◽

Dickson Shey Nsagha ◽

Dieudonné Adiogo ◽

Loick P. Kojom Foko ◽

Pride M. Teyim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Health Concern ◽

Success Rates ◽

Intention To Treat ◽

Littoral Region ◽

Tuberculosis Chemotherapy ◽

Coverage Rates ◽

Lost To Follow Up

Background. Tuberculosis (TB) is a public health concern, especially in resource-constrained countries like Cameroon. TB drug resistance is a major obstacle to control and prevent. Design. Data from 2014 to 2016 on the outcome of anti-TB treatment in the Littoral Region were reviewed manually and analysed using the meta-analysis concept. The treatment success rates (TSR) were the primary outcome used for this study. The heterogeneity statistics (I2) was computed to orientate the choice of the best statistical model (binary fixed effect or random) to compute pooled value of TSR. Results. Using an intention-to-treat analysis, the pooled proportions of HIV-uninfected TB patients successfully cured from TB were low and slightly decreased by 1% between 2014 and 2016. Regarding HIV-infected TB patients, pooled values of TSR were lower than those of their HIV-negative counterparts with values ranging from 71% (95% CI: 63%-83%; I2=71.16%) in 2014 to 68% (95% CI: 58%-79%; I2=70.97%) in 2016. In addition, no heterogeneity was found in three years (I2=0.0%; P value = 1). These cure rates were strongly and negatively correlated with the rates of patients lost to follow-up regardless of the year. In HIV-infected patients, the pooled values of ITT analysis-based treatment success rates were 73% (χ2=13.92, P value = 0.0002), 71% (χ2=7.26, P value = 0.007), and 68% (χ2=8.02, P value = 0.004), respectively. The coverage rates with cotrimoxazole (CTX) gradually increased over year ranging from 78.90% in 2014 to 94.17% in 2016, similar to the coverage rate for ARV therapy that was 60.06% in 2014 against 90% in 2016. A positive and statistically significant correlation was found between the success of the anti-TB therapy in HIV-infected patients and coverage rates with CTX and ARV. Conclusion. An improvement in the reduction of percentage of lost to follow-up and coverage with CTX and ARV therapy could greatly increase chances to efficiently control TB in Cameroon.

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Not All Embolizations Are Created Equally in the Management of Posterior Epistaxis: Discussion of Safety Measures Avoiding Neurological Complications

Radiology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2020/5710313 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Mareike Franke ◽

Jasper Franke ◽

Christian Saager ◽

Sven Barthel ◽

Randolf Riemann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neurological Complication ◽

Neurological Complications ◽

Surgical Approaches ◽

Success Rates ◽

Artery Ligation ◽

Retrospective Data Analysis ◽

First Choice ◽

Surgical Methods ◽

Choice Of Treatment ◽

Meta Analyses

Today, there are still no uniform guidelines for the treatment of epistaxis. Furthermore, it is widely debated whether embolization or surgical approaches should be the first choice of treatment for intractable posterior epistaxis after conservative measures have failed. In several meta-analyses, it is reported that endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation and embolization have similar success rates, but embolization was associated with more severe neurological complications. Regarding existing literature, there are many comparative analyses of surgical methods but none for embolization protocols. Against this backdrop of a lack of uniform standards in embolization techniques, we present a retrospective evaluation of what has emerged to be best procedural practice for endovascular treatment of epistaxis in our department using microsphere particles and microcoils, in particular regarding precaution measures to avoid neurological complications. In our retrospective data analysis of 141 procedures in 123 patients, performed between 2008 and 2019, we find success rates very similar to those reported in other studies (95.1% immediate-stop-of-bleeding success and 90.2% overall embolization success) but did not encounter any major neurological complication opposed to other reports. We suggest some aspects of our protocol as precaution measure to avoid neurological complications. More generally and perhaps even more importantly, we make a strong case for standardization for embolization techniques to the level of details in surgical procedure standardization to enable an apples to apples comparison of embolization techniques to each other and of intervention vs. surgery.

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