scholarly journals Investigating the Relationship between Childbirth Type and Breastfeeding Pattern Based on the LATCH Scoring System in Breastfeeding Mothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 728-735
Author(s):  
Tayebeh Mokhtari Sorkhani ◽  
Elahe Namazian ◽  
Samaneh Komsari ◽  
Shima Arab
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Natural Childbirth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Type Of Delivery

Abstract Objective The role of breast milk in the physical and mental health of infants and in the prevention of infant death is widely known. The benefits of breastfeeding for mothers and infants have been proven, but several factors can affect breastfeeding. Childbirth is one of the most influential factors. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the type of delivery (natural childbirth and cesarean section) on breastfeeding based on the latch, audible swallowing, type of nipple, comfort, hold (LATCH) scoring system. Methods The present cross-sectional observational study was performed using the census method among women who referred to Afzalipour Hospital for delivery in May 2020; the breastfeeding pattern was completed by observation and the in-case information, by LATCH checklist. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, United States) software, version 19.0, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the Chi-squared statistical test. Results Out of a total of 254 deliveries (127 natural childbirths and 127 cesarean deliveries), there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 study groups in terms of age, maternal employment status, and infant weight, but there was a statistically significant relationship between the type of delivery, the maternal level of schooling, and the appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration (Apgar) score in the first minute. The mean score of breastfeeding patterns among the natural childbirth group (9.33) was higher than that of the cesarean section group (7.21). Conclusion The type of delivery affects the mother's performance during breastfeeding, and mothers submitted to cesarean sections need more support and help in breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Prevalence of cesarean section on demand in Assiut Governorate, Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1223
Author(s):  
Mahmoud S. Zakherah ◽  
Tarek A. Farghaly ◽  
Elham S. Ahmed ◽  
Ahmed M. Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
Fear Of Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Hospital

Background: The current study aims to evaluate the prevalence of CS on demand in Women's health hospital, Assiut University and Abnob Central Hospital in Assiut Governorate, Egypt.Methods: A cross sectional study conducted in Assiut Women Health Hospital and Abnob central hospital from January 2017 to December 2017. The total number of cesarean section done was 180 cases and the number of CS on demand was 64 (35.6%). The demographic data were collected by one of the study investigators. Women were asked about the causes of requesting CS before surgery.Results: The study group was 64 women with age ranging from 18-40 years old, 40 primipara and 24 multipara. Of those 24 women, 21 of them previously delivered vaginally and only 3 women delivered by emergency CS. Twenty- six women had a history of previous abortion. Fear of pain was the main cause for CS on demand in the whole study participants (57.8%). In primipara, the main cause for requesting CS is fear of pain in 62.5% of participants followed by fear on the baby in 45 % of women. On the other hand, in multipara, the main cause for CS on demand was bad history of previous experience (60%) followed by fear of pain in 50% of cases. There was statistical significant difference between both groups in only two causes; fear of pelvic floor injuries (50% in multipara vs. 20% in primipara, p=0.02) and bad history of previous experience (60% in multipara vs. 0% in primipara, p=0.001). Other causes were not statistically different.Conclusions: The incidence of cesarean sections performed on request without medical indications is rising. The reasons for this are not only for perceived medical benefit, but also due to social, cultural, and psychological factors.

scholarly journals Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Quantitative Evaluation of Dysfunctional Voiding and Incontinence Scoring System in Pediatric Serbian Population

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Dragana Cirovic ◽  
Ivana Petronic ◽  
Jasna Stojkovic ◽  
Ivan Soldatovic ◽  
Polina Pavicevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoring System ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Dysfunctional Voiding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Background and objective: Dysfunctional voiding (DV) presents relatively frequent problem in pediatric urologist practice. The necessity for implementation of DV evaluation in the pediatric population is of particular importance, since there is no clear consensus on the clinical assessment of such condition. The aims of our study were to evaluate the test/retest reliability and reproducibility of dysfunctional voiding and incontinence scoring system: Serbian version (DVISSSR) in patients with voiding and incontinence dysfunctions without structural deformities, and to estimate cut-off value for DVISSSR. Methods: The cross-sectional study included 57 children with voiding and incontinence dysfunctions and 30 healthy pediatric controls. For the evaluation of voiding and incontinence dysfunction we used DVISS. The forward–backward method was applied for translation of the DVISS questionnaire from English into Serbian language. Reproducibility was analyzed by Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Sensitivity and specificity of DVISSSR scores was done by receiver operating curve (ROC) curve. Results: There was a significant difference in DVISSSR score between patients and controls (p < 0.001). For reliability and reproducibility of the questionnaire, there was no significant difference between repeated measurements (p = 0.141), and strong reliability (ICC = 0.957; p < 0.001). Conclusion: We have demonstrated successful translation and validation of the DVISSSR score. Moreover, a reliable scoring system of children with voiding dysfunctions should include evaluations of symptom scoring systems at the multicentric level.

scholarly journals Ultrasound evaluation of percutaneously created arteriovenous fistulae between radial artery and perforating vein at the elbow

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 694-700
Author(s):  
Gilbert Franco ◽  
Alexandros Mallios ◽  
Pierre Bourquelot ◽  
William Jennings ◽  
Benoit Boura
Keyword(s):  
Radial Artery ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Arteriovenous Anastomosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulae ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Perforating Vein

Objective: To investigate the hemodynamics of percutaneous arteriovenous fistulae (pAVF) created between the proximal radial artery and the deep communicating vein of the elbow. Methods: Consecutive patients with a percutaneously created proximal radial artery to perforating vein arteriovenous fistulae were evaluated and compared with control patients with clinically well-functioning surgical wrist radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulae (sWRC-AVF). Results: Thirty-one patients with a pAVF (21 males – 68%, mean age: 62 years, range: 53–81), with mean follow-up of 254 days (range: 60–443) and 32 patients with a surgical fistula (20 males – 62%, mean age of 63 years, range: 30–84) were evaluated. Mean access flow and distribution range were similar in the two study groups, with a mean flow of 859 mL/min vs 919 mL/min, respectively. There was no significant difference in the mean radial artery diameter (4 mm vs 4.3 mm, p = 0.2). Statistically significant trends were observed for resistive index (0.57 pAVF vs 0.52 (0.07) and brachial vein cross-sectional area (13 pAVF vs 33 mm2, p = 0.06). The arteriovenous anastomosis area was significantly smaller with pAVFs (13 vs 43 mm2, p = 0.002) and the pressure difference between extremities was less for the pAVF group vs sWRC-AVF (19 vs 27 mm Hg, respectively, p = 0.03). Existence of single cephalic or basilic versus cephalic and basilic outflow did not affect vein maturation or overall flow. Conclusions: pAVF have a favourable hemodynamic profile with many similarities when compared with surgically created wrist fistulae. Cephalic and/or basilic vein matured with only minor outflow shunted to the deep venous system.

scholarly journals Attitudes of Medical and Pharmacy Students Towards Patients Suffering from Schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Dragana Ignjatovic-Ristic ◽  
Ana Solujic ◽  
Andrea Obradovic ◽  
Katarina Nikic-Djuricic ◽  
Marija Draskovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The University

Abstract Research over the past twenty years has shown that the attitudes of health care workers and students towards people who are suffering from schizophrenia have become more negative. The aim of our study was to investigate the attitudes of medical and pharmacy students towards patients with schizophrenia and explore the differences in attitudes between study groups and students in different years. Materials and methods: Second- and fifth-year medical and pharmacy students from the Faculty of Medical Sciences at the University of Kragujevac were included in an observational, prospective, cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 113 students from the pharmacy and medical schools who were chosen via random sampling. The students completed a two-part questionnaire. Th e first part contained questions about sociodemographic characteristics, whereas the second part was a translated version of the Mental Illness: Clinician’s Attitudes (MICA) v4 scale. Results: There is a statistically significant difference (р<0.05) in the attitudes towards people with schizophrenia between second- and fifth-year medical and pharmacy students (with lower scores in both groups in fifth-year students). Of the total number of students who had lower summed scores on the Likert scale, 51.3% had previously finished medical high school, whereas 28.3% had previously finished regular high school. Conclusion: Our results showed a statistically significant difference in attitudes towards people with schizophrenia between second- and fifth-year students as well as a difference related to previous high school education. This stresses the importance of levels of knowledge about schizophrenia to reducing the stigmatization of patients who suffer from this disorder.

scholarly journals Análise epidemiológica dos partos em uma região do nordeste brasileiro

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (28) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Eláine Da Costa Ribeiro ◽  
Ana Carolina Patrício de Albuquerque Sousa ◽  
Lívia De Azevedo Dantas ◽  
Samilania Almeida Marcelino ◽  
Lizandra Torres Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Health Status Indicators ◽  
Cesarean Sections ◽  
Natural Childbirth ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Type Of Delivery

Verificou-se os partos realizados na 4ª região de saúde do Rio Grande do Norte, possíveis relações entre variáveis sóciodemográficas, obstétricas e condições de saúde do nascido vivo. Estudo epidemiológico. Com registro dos partos, de 2011 a 2015. Há predominância de parto cesáreo. Mulheres que se submeteram ao parto cesáreo apresentaram maior assiduidade no pré-natal, os índices foram semelhantes nas vias parto na gravidez única, o sexo masculino predominante nas cesarianas e feminino no vaginal; na variável cor, não houve diferença significante. O peso foi um fator considerável para o tipo de parto; não houve disparidades entre as vias de nascimento para anomalia congênita e APGAR. Nas mulheres com idade abaixo de 20 anos, prevaleceu o parto normal, já as com idade superior a 20 anos, o parto cesáreo se sobressaiu. O estado civil e o grau de instrução influenciaram a via de parto. Vários achados corroboram com outras pesquisas semelhantes.Descritores: Indicadores Básicos de Saúde, Saúde Materno Infantil, Parto Normal, Cesárea. Epidemiological analysis and parts in a northeast brazilian regionAbstract: The births performed in the fourth health region of Rio Grande do Norte were analyzed, possible relationships between sociodemographic, obstetric variables and health conditions of the live birth. Epidemiological study. With registration of deliveries, from 2011 to 2015. There is predominance of cesarean delivery. Women who underwent cesarean delivery had higher prenatal attendance, rates were similar in the single-pregnancy delivery, the predominant male cesarean and the vaginal female; in the color variable, there was no significant difference. Weight was a considerable factor for the type of delivery; there were no differences between the birthpaths for congenital anomaly and APGAR. In women under 20 years of age, normal delivery prevailed, while those over 20 years of age, the cesarean section was prominent. Marital status and education influenced the way of delivery. Several findings corroborate other similar research.Descriptors: Health Status Indicators, Maternal and Child Hearth, Natural Childbirth, Cesarean Sections. Análisis epidemiológico de los partos en una región del nordeste brasileñoResumen: Se verificaron los partos realizados en la cuarta región de salud de Rio Grande do Norte, posibles relaciones entre variables sociodemográficas, obstétricas y condiciones de salud del nacido vivo. Estudio epidemiológico. Con registro de los partos, de 2011 a 2015. Hay predominio de parto cesáreo. Las mujeres que se sometieron al parto cesáreo presentaron mayor asiduidad en el prenatal, los índices fueron similares en las vías parto en el embarazo único, el sexo masculino predominante en las cesáreas y femeninas en el vaginal; en la variable de color, no hubo diferencia significativa. El peso fue un factor considerable para el tipo de parto; no hubo disparidades entre las vías de nacimiento para la anomalía congénita y APGAR. En las mujeres con edad inferior a 20 años, prevaleció el parto normal, ya las con edad superior a 20 años, el parto cesáreo se sobresalió. El estado civil y el grado de instrucción influenciaron la vía de parto. Varios hallazgos corroboran con otras investigaciones similares.Descriptores: Indicadores Básicos de Salud, Salud Materno Infantil, Parto Normal, Cesárea.

scholarly journals Association Between Physical Activity and Post menopausal Symptoms in Saudi Women: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Muneera Almurdi ◽  
◽  
Syamala Buragadda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: Menopause is the termination of a woman’s menstrual cycle for a year. In this condition, women’s health status declines due to hormonal changes and aging. Physical Activity (PA) is among the best available alternatives for managing menopause-related symptoms without any adverse effects. This study aimed to assess the relationship between PA and symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, and insomnia in Saudi menopausal women. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 60 menopausal women; they were divided into physically active and inactive groups. The group allocation was conducted based on their PA level determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form (IPAQ-SF). Menopausal symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, and insomnia were assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), respectively, in the study groups. The association between PA and fatigue, depression, and insomnia was assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The significance level was set at P≤0.05. Results: Fatigue, depression, and insomnia were more prevalent in physically inactive post-menopause women than the active women. A significant difference was observed in the outcome variables between the study groups. Furthermore, a significant association was detected between PA and fatigue, depression, and insomnia in the study participants. Discussion: Half of the explored menopausal women were physically active. Physically active menopausal women presented less fatigue, depression, and insomnia, compared to their inactive counterparts. This study suggested that PA positively impacted menopausal symptoms (fatigue, insomnia, & depression). Besides, the collected results highlighted the importance of physical activity among menopausal women.

scholarly journals Oxytocin Use in Trial of Labor after Cesarean and Its Relationship with Risk of Uterine Rupture in Women with One Previous Cesarean Section: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan ZHANG ◽  
Haiyan LIU ◽  
Shouling LUO ◽  
Weirong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Uterine Rupture ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Trial Of Labor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Previous Cesarean

Abstract Background Trial of labor after a previous cesarean delivery (TOLAC) has helped to reduce the rate of cesarean section (CS). But the increased rate of adverse outcomes limites the spread of TOLAC. The most serious one is the risk of symptomatic uterine rupture, which is possibly associated with oxytocin. This meta-analysis was to evaluate the risk association between oxytocin use and uterine rupture in TOLAC. Methods Multiple electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) were searched for case-control or cross-sectional studies about TOLAC, oxytocin and uterine rupture, which were published between January 1986 and October 2019. The bias-corrected Hedge's g was calculated as the effect size using the random-effects model. The risk of bias was evaluated by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Quality of the evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) certainty ratings system. Results There were 14 studies meeting inclusion criteria including 48457 women undergoing TOLAC. The pooled rate of VBAC and rate of uterine rupture in spontaneous labor were 74.3% and 0.7%. And the pooled rate of VBAC and rate of uterine rupture in induction labor were 60.7% and 2.2%. The women with spontaneous labor had significantly higher rate of VBAC (p=0.0032) and lower rate of uterine rupture (p=0.0003) than that with induction labor. The pooled rates of uterine rupture in women using oxytocin and women not using oxytocin in TOLAC were 1.4% and 0.5%. There was significant difference between these two groups (p=0.0002). Conclusions In TOLAC, women with induction labor had higher risk of uterine rupture than that with spontaneous labor. Oxytocin use may increase the risk. So simplified and standardized intrapartum management, precise procotol and cautiously monitoring of oxytocin in TOLAC are necessary.

scholarly journals Sensitivity and Specificity of Belin Ambrosio Enhanced Ectasia Display in Early Diagnosis of Keratoconus

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shahram Bamdad ◽  
Mohammad Reza Sedaghat ◽  
Masoud Yasemi ◽  
Aliraza Vahedi
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Normal Thickness

Purpose. Early diagnosis of keratoconus disease (KCN) is the first priority in the preoperative evaluations of refractive surgery (RS).The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between findings of Belin Ambrosio enhanced ectasia display (BAD) software and conventional corneal imaging (Orbscan and topography) in the early diagnosis of KCN. Methods. For conducting this cross-sectional study, a total of 1000 eyes were selected from 500 patients that underwent the myopic photorefractive keratectomy surgery and were compared in four study groups during the years 2017–2018. In group 1, all topography, Orbscan, and BAD criteria were normal (65.8%).In contrast, in Group 2, at least one of the topography or Orbscan criteria as well as at least one BAD criterion (12.6%) were abnormal. In Group 3, the eyes had normal Orbscan and topography criteria with at least one abnormal BAD criterion (18.5%). Also, in Group 4, the patients had at least one abnormal Orbscan or topography criterion, but all BAD criteria (3.1%) were normal. Thickness of the thinnest point (TP) of cornea was compared in Pentacam and topography. Data analysis was done by SPSS software (version 21). Results. BAD criteria were normal in 78.5% of all eyes with normal topography and Orbscan criteria (specificity). BAD criteria were also abnormal in 80.2% of eyes (sensitivity). There was also no significant difference between TP in Orbscan and Pentacam. Conclusions. BAD criteria had a relatively acceptable sensitivity and specificity, compared with conventional Orbscan and topography criteria. Thus, BAD criteria can be more effective in the early diagnosis of KCN.

The Association of Occupational Noises and the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 514-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Khosravipour ◽  
Hadi Abdollahzad ◽  
Farid Khosravi ◽  
Mansour Rezaei ◽  
Hadis Mohammadi Sarableh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Line Production ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objectives Previous studies have shown the association of exposure to noise with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, however, it is not well known whether the exposure has any effect on metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aimed to quantify and clarify the association between noise exposure and the prevalence of MetS. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017 among 518 workers in a thermal power plant industry. According to types of work and 8-h equivalent A-weighted sound pressure level (8-h LAeq), the participants were divided into the following groups: office workers and line-production workers exposed to &lt; 85, 90 to &lt;95, 95 to &lt;100, and ≥100 dBA. We used the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria to identify subjects with MetS. The logistic regression was used to determine the odds of MetS among study groups. Results We observed the significant differences in the number (%) of subjects with high blood pressure in line-production workers who exposed to noise ≥100 (12 [19.7%]) versus &lt;85 dBA (7 [7.1%]) and office (10 [4.7%]) groups. For the waist circumference (&gt;102 cm), there was a significant difference in the ≥100 dBA group (12 [19.7%]) compared with office group (21 [9.8%]). Obtained results indicated only the significant difference in the prevalence of MetS in ≥100 versus &lt;85 dBA groups (10 [16.4%] versus 6 [6.1%]). The unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of MetS in ≥100 versus &lt;85 dBA groups were estimated 3.01 (1.03, 8.75) and 3.24 (1.01, 10.42), respectively. Conclusions This study indicated the significant association between noise exposure and MetS in line-production workers. However, more studies are needed to confirm our results.

scholarly journals Comparison of Growth Pattern in Neonates on Breast Feed Versus Formula Feed

Med Phoenix ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Singh ◽  
Raj Kumar Singh ◽  
Rajesh Prasad Shah ◽  
Equbal Ahmad ◽  
Akhtar Alam Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Breast Feed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Breast Fed

Background: Breast milk and colostrums are the first feeding sources for infant, providing nutrients, growth factors and immunological components. So we conducted this study to compare the growth pattern of neonates on breast feed versus formula feed.Methods: This study was done in the Department of Pediatrics, King Edward Medical University, Mayo Hospital, Lahore from 2015 July to 2016 July as cross sectional study. The Non Probability purposive sampling technique was used. Information on type of feeding was obtained from mothers. Subsequently neonates were divided in two groups on the basis of type of feeding (i.e. breast feeding or formula feeding).Results: In this study the mean age of the patients was 16.56±6.26 days and the mean gestational age of the patients was 8.52±0.97 months. The male to female ratio of the patients was 1.3:1. Statistically there was significant difference found between the weight gain in study groups at 10th, 14th week and 4th month follow up i.e. p-value<0.05.Conclusion: The prevalence of breastfeeding in infants in our study was 52.3%. Our results showed that the breast fed infants had better weight gain compared to formula fed infants; however there was no statistically significant difference in gain in length between breast fed and formula fed infants.Med Phoenix Vol.2(1) July 2017, 18-23

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