Papillary Thyroid Cancer and Coexisting Autoimmune Thyroiditis

AbstractHistological findings often display an association between papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and so differ significantly from follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC). The aim of this interdisciplinary, retrospective study was to evaluate the association of AIT in patients with PTC and FTC and a control group of benign nodular goiters. One hundred thyroidectomies with histologically confirmed differentiated thyroid carcinomas, 67 with PTC and 33 with FTC, were submitted for examination. The two control groups consisted of 60 patients with euthyroid nodular goiter, displaying no signs for malignancy (no surgery) and 100 patients (second control group) with surgery of a benign nodular goiter. Controls were collected to obtain data about the incidence of significantly increased TPOAbs in the first group and of lymphocytic infiltrates (LI) in the second group. High TPOAbs were found in 35% (23/67) of patients with PTC. LI were detected by histology in 48% (32/67) of PTC. Ten patients (10/32) of this group showed the clinical and histological manifestation of a classic AIT with diffuse dense LI as well as diffuse hypoechogeneity in ultrasonography. In 7/32 cases, the histological report described focal dense LI (fAIT) and in 15/32 cases scant scattered LI. AIT and fAIT, together 25% of all PTC (17/67), showed germinal centers and can therefore be characterized as chronic autoimmune thyroiditis. In this group, high TPOAb could be detected in 94% (16/17). Scan scattered LI without germinal centers (15/32) do not represent a fAIT, although TPOAb are high in 47% (7/15). The younger age group (<45 years) showed significantly more often high TPOAbs (p<0.023) in comparison with the age-group older than 60 years. In contrast to PTC, only 4/33 (12%) patients with FTC had high TPOAb levels. We conclude that in contrast to benign euthyroid goiters and to FTC, different degrees of LI are often associated with high TPOAb levels and seem to be significantly increased in PTC, particularly prominent in younger age. There is a high coincidence between LI and high TPOAb levels. In the presence of hypoechoic thyroid nodule, signs of thyroid autoimmunity such as the presence of high TPOAbs, lymphocytic infiltration in cytology, and/or characteristic ultrasonic features, are arguments that might favor the decision for surgery if a cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodule is found and focal autonomy is excluded by szintiscan.

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Altered TEG Parameters Identify Hypercoagulablilty and are of Diagnosis Value for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes ◽

10.1055/a-0723-3295 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 128 (05) ◽

pp. 297-302

Author(s):

Songsong Lu ◽

Rui Kang ◽

Yongchao Wang ◽

Mengjie Zhu ◽

Lei Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Correlation Analysis ◽

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Roc Curve ◽

Nodular Goiter ◽

Roc Curves ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Papillary Thyroid ◽

Routine Coagulation

Abstract Objective The goal of this study was to clarify the changes and clinical significance of thromboelastography (TEG) parameters in papillary thyroid carcinomas and nodular goiters. Methods 62 nodular goiter (NG) patients and 53 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients were included. Coagulation indicators, together with a series of TEG parameters were collected and analyzed, compared with results of 61 healthy controls (HC). Correlation analysis was conducted between routine coagulation indicators and TEG parameters. ROC curves were used to evaluate the potential diagnosis value of the TEG parameters that were altered in papillary thyroid carcinoma patients. Results APTT and PT in papillary thyroid carcinoma group were statistically significant higher than that in control group (p<0.05). MPV was found to be higher in PTC than NG and healthy controls.R, K and SP levels were significantly lower in PTC group than that in HC group; Angle, CI and TPI levels were significantly higher in PTC group than that in HC group. Areas under the ROC curve of CI, TPI, and angle were 0.725, 0.714, and 0.687 for distinguishing PTC from HC, 0.662, 0.668 and 0.591 for distinguishing PTC from NG. Conclusion TEG parameters are altered and indicate hypercoagulablilty status of papillary thyroid carcinoma patients; CI, TPI, and angle could be potential diagnosis indicators for detecting papillary thyroid carcinoma.

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Higher urinary bisphenol A concentration and excessive iodine intake are associated with nodular goiter and papillary thyroid carcinoma

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1042/bsr20170678 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Zhenzhen Zhou ◽

Jing Zhang ◽

Fang Jiang ◽

Yan Xie ◽

Xiaochen Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Nodular Goiter ◽

Iodine Intake ◽

Control Group ◽

Papillary Thyroid ◽

Excessive Iodine ◽

Gender Specific Differences ◽

Gender Specific ◽

Excessive Iodine Intake

In the present study, we investigated whether bisphenol A (BPA) levels and excessive iodine intake were associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and nodular goiter (NG). We determined total BPA concentrations (TBC) in paired serum and urine samples, and urinary iodine concentrations (UIC) in urine samples collected from PTC patients, NG patients, and healthy individuals, then compared BPA concentrations and UIC within and between each patient group. The results showed that there were no gender-specific differences in serum TBC and UIC in each group, and no differences across all patient groups. Urinary BPA concentrations (UBC) were higher in the NG and PTC groups compared with the control group. UBC showed gender-specific differences in the NG and PTC group. Furthermore, UIC were higher in the NG and PTC groups compared with the control group. Higher UBC and excessive iodine intake were risk factors for NG and PTC according to multivariate logistic regression analysis. There was a significant correlation between UBC and UIC in each group. These data suggested that higher UBC and excessive iodine intake are associated with NG and PTC. The metabolic and functional pathways between BPA and iodine are potentially linked to the pathogenesis and progression of NG and PTC.

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Papillary thyroid cancer in an adolescent with a toxic single nodular goiter

Problems of Endocrinology ◽

10.14341/probl2017632114-116 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 114-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olga S. Rogova ◽

Goar F. Okminyan ◽

Lubov N. Samsonova ◽

Elena V. Kiseleva ◽

Oleg Yu. Latyshev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Thyroid Nodule ◽

Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽

Thyroid Nodules ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy ◽

Nodular Goiter ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Papillary Thyroid ◽

Risk Of Malignancy ◽

Functional Autonomy

The rate of nodular goiter in children ranges from 0.05 to 5.1%; in this case, the risk of thyroid cancer in childhood amounts to 3―70% of all cases of thyroid pathology. Therefore, the main issue is the differential diagnosis of a nosological variant of a thyroid nodule, which defines the optimal therapeutic tactics for a particular patient. The risk of malignancy is traditionally believed to be low in the case of decompensated functional autonomy of a thyroid nodule; therefore, the need for fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) followed by cytomorphological analysis of the aspirate is avoided in most cases. The presented clinical case demonstrates papillary cancer in an adolescent with a toxic single nodular goiter. A thyroid ultrasound examination revealed a nodular lesion in the boy. An increase in the thyroid size and thyrotoxicosis manifestation occurred 3 years later. A cytomorphological study identified follicular neoplasia; scintigraphy revealed a hot nodule. Surgical treatment was planned. Antithyroid therapy was prescribed to prepare for surgery. After compensation of thyrotoxicosis, hemithyroidectomy was performed. A histological examination diagnosed papillary thyroid cancer, which required repeated thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine I131 ablation. The postoperative period was uneventful; the patient well tolerated suppressive levothyroxine therapy. Therefore, the presence of a toxic single nodular goiter does not exclude thyroid cancer, which defines the need to discuss the indications for FNAB of thyroid nodules in children.

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Assessment Of Plasma B-Catenin Concentration As Biomarker Of Thyroid Cancer*

Polish Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1515/pjs-2015-0067 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 87 (7) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michał Bełdowski

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Nodular Goiter ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Control Group ◽

Papillary Thyroid ◽

It Use ◽

Cellular Expression

AbstractNew diagnostic methods for thyroid diseases are still being searched for. Immunohistochemical diagnosis is expanded by the introduction of new biomarkers including ß-catenin (B-Cat). Associations are indicated between the cellular expression of this biomarker and tumor stage, nodal metastases and the degree of tumor cell differentiation. Reports are scarce regarding the plasma level of this biomarker in malignant neoplastic diseases.was to analyze the plasma B-Cat concentration and the possibility of it use in the diagnostics of patients with nodular goiter and papillary thyroid carcinoma.Plasma B-Cat concentration was determined in 64 patients with goiter and 15 healthy volunteers. The final histopathological examination revealed 41 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and 13 cases of nodular goiter (NG).A significant increase in B-Cat (p <0.05) in both groups compared to the control group. No differences in the concentrations of biomarker was demonstrated between the PTC and NG groups. After determining the AUC for the tested biomarker, the B-Cat ratio of the area value 0.721 was the strong diagnostic test.Changes in the plasma B-Cat concentration can be the biomarker of thyroid cancer but it cannot be used for the detection of papillary thyroid carcinoma becouse of concomitant tumor-like lesions in the thyroid gland.

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Reactivity of vasa deferentia from spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive Wistar rats

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y80-108 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 58 (6) ◽

pp. 656-665 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

D. A. Corbett ◽

M. T. Goldberg ◽

V. C. Swamy ◽

C. R. Triggle ◽

D. J. Triggle

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Vas Deferens ◽

Contractile Response ◽

Control Group ◽

Age Group ◽

Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽

Maximum Tension ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Younger Age ◽

And Control

Vasa deferentia from age-matched spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) compared with three strains of control rats were found to be hyperresponsive to low concentrations, 10 and 20 mM, of KCl (K+) but not to noradrenaline (NA); the SHR tissue also demonstrated a lower ED50 to K+. Significant differences in maximum tension between SHR and the control animals in response to K+ were not seen although maximum tension developed to K+ was always greater than that developed to NA in either SHR or a control group. The loss of contractile response to K+ in the absence of extracellular calcium was more rapid in the SHR than in the control animals but no such difference was noted for the loss of response to NA. Differences in the Ca2+ dependence of KCl responses were found for 15- to 17-week-old SHR but not for 5- to 7-week-old SHR while differences in the Ca2+ dependence of the NA response were noted in the younger age group of SHR but were less evident compared with the K+ response in the older age group of rat. The 15- to 17-week-old SHR, but not 5- to 7- or 9- to 11-week groups, also demonstrated a hypersensitivity to Ba2+ whereas both SHR and normotensive control tissues demonstrated an extracellular Ca2+-independent and D 600 insensitive contractile response to lanthanum (La3+). The contractile response of the vas deferens to La3+ could, in part, be related to an effect of raised H+ but a pH-independent action of La3+ was also evident from studies with Tris-buffered solutions. Although the action of La3+ was similar in both SHR and control rats the SHR tissue was shown to be more sensitive to H+. The results demonstrate an altered threshold sensitivity and altered responsiveness of nonvascular smooth muscle in the SHR which parallels, in some respects, previous studies indicating altered vascular smooth muscle responsiveness to a variety of physiological and nonphysiological stimuli in the SHR. Furthermore, these studies may indicate that a generalized genetic alteration in the sensitivity of the smooth muscle cell to chemical stimulation and Ca2+ utilization may persist in the SHR. Whether such differences relate to the elevated blood pressure and etiology of hypertension is not yet clear.

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A Novel Nanoproteomic Approach for the Identification of Molecular Targets Associated with Thyroid Tumors

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano10122370 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 2370

Author(s):

María García-Vence ◽

María del Pilar Chantada-Vázquez ◽

José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro ◽

Susana B. Bravo ◽

Cristina Núñez

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Thyroid Nodule ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Thyroid Tissue ◽

Molecular Targets ◽

Metabolic Reprogramming ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Thyroid Tumors ◽

Papillary Thyroid ◽

Thyroid Carcinomas

A thyroid nodule is the most common presentation of thyroid cancer; thus, it is extremely important to differentiate benign from malignant nodules. Within malignant lesions, classification of a thyroid tumor is the primary step in the assessment of the prognosis and selection of treatment. Currently, fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is the preoperative test most commonly used for the initial thyroid nodule diagnosis. However, due to some limitations of FNAB, different high-throughput “omics” approaches have emerged that could further support diagnosis based on histopathological patterns. In the present work, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens from normal (non-neoplastic) thyroid (normal controls (NCs)), benign tumors (follicular thyroid adenomas (FTAs)), and some common types of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTCs), conventional or classical papillary thyroid carcinomas (CV-PTCs), and the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinomas (FV-PTCs)) were analyzed. For the first time, FFPE thyroid samples were deparaffinized using an easy, fast, and non-toxic method. Protein extracts from thyroid tissue samples were analyzed using a nanoparticle-assisted proteomics approach combined with shotgun LC-MS/MS. The differentially regulated proteins found to be specific for the FTA, FTC, CV-PTC, and FV-PTC subtypes were analyzed with the bioinformatic tools STRING and PANTHER showing a profile of proteins implicated in the thyroid cancer metabolic reprogramming, cancer progression, and metastasis. These proteins represent a new source of potential molecular targets related to thyroid tumors.

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Calcitonin Levels in Thyroid Disease Are Not Affected by Autoimmune Thyroiditis or Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

European Thyroid Journal ◽

10.1159/000511080 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Fabio Maino ◽

Cristina Dalmiglio ◽

Nicoletta Benenati ◽

Michele Campanile ◽

Tania Pilli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽

Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽

Nodular Goiter ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Class V ◽

Serum Calcitonin ◽

Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽

Final Histological Diagnosis

Introduction: Association between hypercalcitoninemia and pathological conditions such as autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) or differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) has been addressed, with conflicting results. We evaluated the prevalence and the clinical relevance of elevated basal serum calcitonin (CT) levels in non-neoplastic (nodular goiter [NG] and AIT) and neoplastic thyroid diseases (DTC). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 3,250 consecutive patients with thyroid nodular disease who underwent fine-needle aspiration cytology with adequate sample. After exclusion of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) patients were divided according to the presence/absence of thyroid autoimmunity into NG or nodular autoimmune thyroiditis (N-AIT) and, according to cytological results, in benign or suspicious/malignant nodules. Results: One hundred ninety-seven/3,250 patients (6.0%) showed CT level >10 pg/mL. In 11/3,250 (0.3%) cases, a final histological diagnosis of MTC was made, while the remaining 186/3,250 patients (5.7%) had non-MTC-related hypercalcitoninemia (CT > 10 pg/mL). According to cytological diagnosis, the rate of hypercalcitoninemia was similar in class II and class V–VI groups (5.4 vs. 6.9%, p = 0.4). The occurrence of hypercalcitoninemia was significantly higher in patients with NG (166/2,634 [6.3%]) than in patients with N-AIT (20/605 [3.3%]) (p = 0.004). However, after matching by sex, no difference was found between the 2 groups (NG and N-AIT). These results were confirmed in 598 patients submitted to surgery. Conclusions: AIT and DTC seem not to affect serum CT levels in patients with thyroid nodules. Therefore, hypercalcitoninemia, in these patients, should be submitted to the same diagnostic workup than patients without AIT or DTC.

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Hashimoto Thyroiditis Coexistent with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313480507101018 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 71 (10) ◽

pp. 874-878 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Calogero Cipolla ◽

Luigi Sandonato ◽

Giuseppa Graceffa ◽

Salvatore Fricano ◽

Adriana Torcivia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Total Thyroidectomy ◽

Hashimoto Thyroiditis ◽

Control Group ◽

Papillary Thyroid ◽

Thyroid Carcinomas ◽

Significant Difference

Several studies report a higher rate of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), indicating a possible correlation between the two diseases. We studied a group of 89 subjects undergoing surgery for thyroid carcinomas compared with a control group of 89 subjects operated on for normofunctioning goiter, and a second group of 47 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for HT. Association with HT was found in 19 of the 71 PTC subjects (26.7%) and in 8 goiter patients (8.9%), which was a significant difference ( P < 0.02). Thirteen of the HT patients, mostly with the nodular form, showed coexistent PTC (27.6%). HT and PTC coexisted in several morphological, immunohistochemical, and biomolecular aspects; increased incidence of PTC in HT patients might therefore indicate that HT is a precursor of thyroid cancer. Further studies are required, however, in order to confirm this hypothesis; until then, HT patients should undergo careful clinical and technical follow-up.

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Effect of placental cord blood drainage on duration of third stage of labour

Annals of Gulf Medicine ◽

10.37978/gulf.v3i1.82 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. e5-e8

Author(s):

Sajida Parveen ◽

Rabia Razaq ◽

Muhammad Umer Razaq ◽

Sadaf Mubeen ◽

Fakhira Ijaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Post Partum ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Age Group ◽

Younger Age ◽

Third Stage ◽

Minimum Age ◽

The Mean

Introduction: Third stage of labour start after delivery of baby and continues till delivery of placental and membranes. Post-partum hemorrhage is most common complication of this stage. Objectives: To compare the mean duration of third stage of labour in patients undergoing spontaneous vaginal delivery with and without placental cord blood drainage. Materials and Methods: This randomized control trial was carried out in three tertiary care hospitals of Punjab, Department of Obstetrics &Gynecology, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad, Lady Aitcheson Hospital Lahore and Lady Willington Hospital Lahore. From 1st July 2018 to 30th December 2018, 188 cases (94 in each group) were selected using non probability consecutive sampling. Total 188 patients were enrolled in the study after taking informed consent and allocated into control and case group by lottery method. In control group cord was clamped from both sides while in case group cord was unclamped from other side and duration of third stage was noted for both groups. Ethical approval was taken from hospital ethical committee. Results: The mean age was 29.06 ± 4.9 years with minimum age of 21 years and maximum age of 45 years. More patients belong to younger age group (20 years to 35 years) i.e. 119 while 69 belonged to elder age group i.e. 36 year to 50 years 63.2 % and 36.7% respectively. Mean duration of third stage of labour in case group was 8.5±2.9 minutes and in control group 10.8±5.4 minutes. More distribution of patients in younger age group 20 -35 years and less in 36 to 50 years i.e. 67% and 33% respectively. Conclusion: This study concluded that unclamping placenta from mother side significantly reduces the third stage of labour

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Thyroid Autoimmunity and Behçet’s Disease: Is There a Significant Association?

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2013/956837 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Filiz Cebeci ◽

Nahide Onsun ◽

Ayşe Pekdemir ◽

Ahmet R. Uras ◽

Kadir Kayataş

Keyword(s):

Behçet’S Disease ◽

Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽

Behcet’S Disease ◽

Behçet's Disease ◽

Thyroid Autoimmunity ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Free T4 ◽

Behcet's Disease ◽

Autoimmune Thyroid

Background. Behcet’s disease (BD) could be regarded as an autoimmune disease in many aspects. Autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) is frequently accompanied by other various autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, there is not still enough data showing the association between BD and ATD. In addition, no controlled study is present in the PubMed, which evaluates thyroidal autoimmunity using antithyroid peroxidase antibody in a large series of patients with BD.Methods. We aimed to investigate the frequency of ATD in patients with BD. The study included 124 patients with BD and 99 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers.Results. Autoimmune thyroiditis was noted in 21 cases (16.9%) with BD. In the control group, 22 cases (22.22%) were diagnosed as autoimmune thyroiditis. There was no difference between the groups in respect to thyroid autoantibodies (). There were no statistically significant differences between baseline TSH levels of the BD patients and of the controls (). Statistically, the mean serum free T4 levels of the patients with BD were higher than those of the controls ().Conclusions. No association could be found between BD and ATD. Therefore, it is not of significance to investigate thyroid autoimmunity in BD.

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